Abeka Investigating God's World Ch 4

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gem

a cut and polished stone

aluminum

a lightweight, silvery-colored non-magnetic rustproof metal

natural resource

a material helpful to man which is found in or on the earth

graphite

a material used in pencils instead of lead

spelunker

a person who explores a cave

uranium

a radioactive metal that is the primary source of nuclear power

gemstone

a rare and beautiful mineral that has not been polished

sandstone

a rock that is made of sand

shale

a rock that smells like mud when it gets wet

geode

a rocklike object which looks like a mud-ball and contains crystals inside

paleontologist

a scientist who studies fossils

geologist

a scientist who studies the structure of the earth

crystals

a solid having a definite shape with flat surfaces and sharp edges. A special kind of solid formed by all minerals.

pumice

an igneous rock that floats

gold

bright yellow metal that can be hammered into thin sheets

humus

decaying plant and animal material found in the earth's soil

limestone

formed from bones and seashells, most caves are found in this rock

igneous rock

granite, pumice, obsidian

stalagmite

grows up from the ground

stalactite

holds on tightly to the ceiling

granite

igneous rock made of several different types and colors of minerals found deep below the land's surface

sedimentary rock

limestone, sandstone, shale

obsidian

looks like clear, black glass. also called volcanic glass

soil

loose earth containing humus and tiny pieces of weathered rock

crude oil or petroleum

oil in it's natural state

petrified fossils

plant and animal remains that have turned to stone

fossils

preserved remains of plants and animals

metamorphic

slate, marble

shale

smells like mud

ice, tar, amber

substances in which whole animals have been preserved

silver

the best conductor of electricity and the first metal mentioned in the Bible

copper

the best low cost electrical conductor available used to make electrical wiring, and as a coating on pennies

amber

the hardened sap in which some insects have been preserved

diamond

the hardest of all substances

iron

the most useful metal

mercury

the only metal that is liquid at room temperature

ruby

the rarest gemstone

sedimentary

the type of rock in which most fossils are found

chemical and physical

two types of weathering

conservation

using natural resources wisely

marble

was once limestone

impurities found in it

what gives quartz it's color?

geyser

what is the name for a spring of hot water that spurts from the earth?

Old Faithful

A famous geyser in Yellowstone National Park

mold fossils

A fossil formed when the mud that buries a plant or animal quickly hardens around it

acid in rainwater dissolves some of the rock, especially limestone, underground

How is a cave formed?

heat homes, produce electricity, and manufacture iron and steel

How is coal used in the United States?

by extremely hot rock which it rests upon

How is water heated in a hot spring?

petrified, mold, print, whole animal plant

What are four kinds of fossils?

concrete

What is a very durable artificial rock?

slate

What type of rock is used to make chalkboards?

because rivers deposit sediment at their basins and the sediments build up layer by layer to form sedimentary rock

Why are rocks found near a river delta usually sedimentary rocks?

lava

magma that has erupted through the earth's

magma

melted/molten rock inside the earth's mantle


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