abnormal psych, ab psych ch 9

What is the percentage of men over 60 with at least some impairment of erectile function?

60%

Although AA (Alcoholics Anonymous) programs are considered effective, the dropout rate for GA (Gamblers Anonymous) programs is ________.

70% to 90%.

The approximate percentage of patients with eating disorders who will experience depression at some point in their lives is approximately ____.

71%

Which of the following statements is true about kleptomania?

The stolen objects are not needed for personal use or their monetary value.

Which of the following is an example of the agonist substitution type of treatment for substance abuse?

The use of methadone to treat heroin addiction A nicotine patch or nicotine gum to treat addiction to cigarette smoking Both of these

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effectiveness of purging for reducing caloric intake?

Vomiting reduces approximately 50% of calories consumed, less if delayed after eating.

Annabelle has been a heavy drinker for years. Her behavior reflects confusion, loss of muscle coordination, and unintelligible speech. Such behavior is probably the result of

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Next

Masters and Johnson reported that the use of sensate focus therapy for the treatment of premature ejaculation was effective in ____% of cases treated.

almost 100

Major signs of withdrawal do not usually occur with ___________.

cannabis

People who do not get enough sleep are also more susceptible to

illnesses.

Because Pat is obese Pat is

likely to be subjected to prejudice and discrimination

When women are asked to identify the most attractive female body weight, they typically identify a weight that is

lower than the weight identified by men.

One of the parental factors that appears to contribute significantly to early adolescent drug use is

parents who spend little time monitoring their children.

A perspective of substance dependence that involves "drug-seeking behaviors" includes all of the following EXCEPT

physical symptoms when the drug is no longer used.

Individuals with a sleep efficiency of 90%

spend 10% of their "bed time" awake. Next

Features of gender dysphoria include all of the following EXCEPT

strong homosexual urges.

In terms of substance-related disorders, the word addiction is most closely associated with

substance dependence.

Researchers estimate that almost ________________ of the people in addiction treatment centers have an additional psychiatric disorders.

three-fourths 3/4s

The DSM-5 does not describe an intoxication pattern for ____________ disorders.

tobacco-related

The need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effect, and the diminished effect with continued use of the same amount, is referred to as

tolerance

A person who is physiologically dependent on a drug will experience

tolerance to the effects of the drug. withdrawal symptoms if the drug is withdrawn. psychological craving all of these are correct

The specific treatment found effective in the treatment of female orgasmic disorder is

training in masturbatory procedures.

Recent surveys of sexual practices in Western countries have suggested that the percentage of men engaging in homosexual activity is

under 5%, which is significantly lower that the estimates of the 1953 Kinsey surveys.

Belief in common sexual myths such as "women normally reach orgasm every time they have intercourse" is more commonly held by men

who have sexual disorders.

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about Alcoholics Anonymous?

AA advocates believe that former alcoholics can become social drinkers.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the opponent-process explanation of drug addiction?

An increase in positive feelings will be followed by an increase in negative feelings. An increase in negative feelings will be followed by an increase in positive feelings. both of these are correct

Which of the following treatments is NOT currently used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction?

Antianxiety medication

With regard to drug treatments for patients with bulimia nervosa, which of the following statements is true?

Antidepressants have some effectiveness in the treatment of bulimia nervosa.

Which of the following is the definition of anxiolytic?

Anxiety-reducing

What is gender dysphoria?

Dissatisfaction with one's biological sex

Nikolay has decided to stop smoking (again). He can expect to experience which of the following withdrawal symptoms?

Irritability

Which of these factors does NOT contribute to obesity?

Modernized environment Genetics Personality All of these are correct

According to the DSM, one of the features of cannabis intoxication is

Mood swings

Which of the following statements is true about male hypoactive sexual desire disorder?

More than 50% of the problems who come to sexuality clinics for help complain of this disorder.

Drug treatments for male erectile disorder include all of the following EXCEPT

Redux

In which paraphilia is sexual arousal associated with experiencing pain or humiliation?

Sexual masochism paraphilia

A binge-eating episode is characterized by food intake of at least how many calories?

The calorie number varies from person to person; a binge-eating episode is not defined by the number of calories

Which of the following is the definition of anticonvulsant?

Anti seizure

A comparison of cognitive-behavioral therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) and interpersonal therapy (IPT) for the treatment of bulimia nervosa indicates that one year after treatment,

CBT-E was superior to IPT.

All of the following substances are classified as opiates EXCEPT

Cocaine

What is the difference between gender dysphoria and transvestic fetishism?

Gender dysphoria has to do with one's sense of identity, while transvestic fetishism is only about sexual gratification.

A recent research study on alcoholism suggests that while use of illegal drugs is influenced by environmental factors, abuse and dependence are more influenced by

Genetic factors

Which of the following would NOT be an example of substance use, as opposed to substance intoxication, substance abuse, or substance dependence?

Getting drunk

Who will be most likely to have a sexual dysfunction?

Henry, who is 65 and once had a heart attack

Steven had been "hooked" for a while before he decided to "go clean." Within 6 to 12 hours, he started to experience excessive yawning, nausea and vomiting, chills, muscle aches, diarrhea, and insomnia. His behavior disrupted his work and social relationships. These symptoms persisted for three days. After a week, he felt better. Steven is probably withdrawing from

Heroin

Research that asks individuals to indicate alcohol use during the previous one-month period has found that alcohol use is highest among

Caucasian Americans.

Even after Timon read Psychedelics for Dummies, he was unable to produce LSD in the lab. He decided he would have to find a hallucinogen naturally. Therefore, he should look for which naturally occurring hallucinogen?

Peyote Psilocybe mushroom Seeds of the morning glory plant All of these are correct

Of the following, the individual who would most likely be diagnosed with gender dysphoria is

Mark, who feels like a woman trapped in a man's body.

Which of the following statements is true? BULIMIA

Once bulimia nervosa develops, it tends to be chronic if untreated.

Which of the following statements is true? Bulimia and

Over 80% of people with bulimia had an anxiety disorder at some point in their lives.

Which of the following might help to explain the vast differences in the incidence of eating disorders among men and women?

The fact that puberty brings boys' bodies closer to the societal ideal and girls' bodies further from the societal ideal

Which of the following is an accurate statement about alcoholism?

The factors that determine a drinker's susceptibility to alcoholism are not yet known.

The original concept of performance anxiety as a cause of sexual dysfunction has been replaced with a more modern view that performance anxiety is comprised of factors in

arousal, cognitive processes, and negative affect.

Henderson and Brownell (2004) believe that the largest contributor to the obesity epidemic is

an inactive, sedentary lifestyle combined with high-fat, high-energy diet.

Studies of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy-enhanced (CBT-E) treatment for bulimia nervosa have demonstrated that

at the present time, CBT-E would seem to be the treatment of choice for adults.

Matilda has had anorexia nervosa for several years. She started losing weight because her family said she needed to lose a few pounds. A crucial part of treatment for Matilda is family therapy that focuses on the issues regarding

attitudes toward body shape and image distortions. negative communications in the family regarding food and eating. dysfunctional communication in the family regarding food and eating. all of these are correct

A person who suffers from alcoholism, who is highly motivated to stop drinking, and who understands the possibly severe consequences of treatment may be prescribed the drug Antabuse. This medication is an example of an ________ treatment for alcoholism.

aversive

As a typical male with erectile dysfunction, we can expect Bill to show

avoidance of sexual cue awareness and an inaccurate sense of how aroused he is.

Papaverine and prostaglandin, which are vasodilating drugs used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction, are delivered to the patient

by injection directly into the penis.

An important aspect of the cognitive-behavioral approach to the treatment of bulimia nervosa is that it involves

changing patients' dysfunctional thoughts regarding their weight, body shape, and previous weight control strategies.

A severe difficulty in regulating sleep that is induced by jet lag or by working rotating shifts is an example of

circadian rhythm disruption.

In the diagnosis of insomnia, the clinician takes into account several factors, one of which is the patient's

behavior while awake.

The families of patients with anorexia nervosa are typically characterized as

dysfunctional and disorganized.

The most commonly reported of all the male sexual dysfunctions is

erectile dysfunction.

One biological factor that has been related to individuals who experience insomnia is

higher body temperature.

The penile strain gauge and the vaginal photoplethysmograph are both used

in the psychophysiological assessment of sexual functioning.

Sexual arousal disorders are diagnosed when there is an

inability to achieve or maintain an erection in males or a lack of lubrication in females.

When considering all the factors that influence the development of psychological disorders, it seems that that the _______ is unique in the extent of its role in eating disorders.

influence of society and culture

Consequences of long-term excessive drinking include

liver disease and/or pancreatitis. cardiovascular disorders. brain damage. all of these

Aversive treatments are prescribed to

make ingesting the abused substances extremely unpleasant.

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a combination of problems that can occur in a child whose mother drank alcohol while pregnant. Symptoms of FAS include all of the following EXCEPT

excessive fetal growth.

Cataplexy, as experienced by patients with narcolepsy, can be characterized by

sudden loss of muscle tone. physical collapse. slight muscle weakness. all of these are correct

Women may relapse more than men from quitting smoking because

they tend to have more symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Given what we know about classical conditioning and learning through association, sleep experts generally recommend

using the bed for sleep and sex only.

Dilators of gradually increasing sizes are used in the treatment of

vaginismus

Two common medical causes of erectile dysfunction, in addition to kidney disease, are

vascular disease and diabetes.

The individual with the greatest likelihood of hypoactive sexual desire disorder or sexual interest/arousal disorder is a(n)

30-year-old female.

Sex therapy for erectile dysfunction has produced a positive treatment outcome in approximately ________ of the cases treated.

60% to 70%

When attempting to "reset the biological clock" of an individual with a circadian rhythm sleep disorder, it is generally easier and more effective to

make the patient's bedtime later.

Two factors that help regulate our natural sleep/wake cycles are

melatonin and light.

Yesterday you asked your friend Ray for a couple of aspirin tablets to relieve your headache. Ray has been taking a psychology course and informs you that, in behavioral terms, aspirin is a ________ reinforcer.

negative

Maggie and Jim have started sex therapy to deal with Jim's recent erectile dysfunction. The therapist has instructed them to refrain from intercourse or genital touching but to spend the next several days enjoying each other through hugging, kissing, and mutual massage. This is an example of

nongenital pleasuring.

What explains the apparent stimulation, feeling of well-being, and outgoing behavior as the initial effects of alcohol ingestion?

Depression of the inhibitory centers in the brain

Which of the following does NOT represent the specific effect of alcohol on a particular neurotransmitter system?

Dopamine—slurred speech

Which of the following is a problem with getting to sleep or in obtaining a sufficient amount of quality sleep?

Dyssomnias

Intermittent explosive disorder is usually associated with type of course?

Episodic

The males most likely to develop an eating disorder such as bulimia nervosa are those who are

Homosexual or bisexual.

Which of the following is a condition in which insufficient sleep interferes with normal functioning?

Insomnia disorder

The neurotransmitter GABA plays what role in drug use and addiction?

It acts as the "brain police."

What does alcohol do for sexual arousal and behavior?

It reduces inhibition but suppresses arousal.

Sherri and Leo have been having some sexual difficulties lately. Both have experienced some symptoms of sexual arousal disorders. They decide to have a few glasses of wine before engaging in sex tonight. Is this a good idea or a bad idea?

It's a bad idea, since wine could further impair arousal.

Which of the following hallucinogenic substances is processed synthetically?

LSD

Samantha started having difficulty falling asleep during final exam week. Although exams are over, she now starts to worry about sleep right after dinner. Even the sight of her bed makes her very anxious. The fact that Samantha's insomnia continues long after the stress of exams is over points to the role of ________ in the maintenance of sleep disorders.

Learning

Which of the following statements is true with regard to drug treatments for patients with anorexia nervosa?

Medications have not generally been found to be effective for the treatment of anorexia nervosa.

______________ disorders are observed in more than 40% of people in addiction treatment centers.

N anxietyandpersonality

Two views of substance-related disorders characterize contemporary thought: the moral weakness and the disease models of dependence. According to your textbook, which is the best way to understand substance-related disorders?

Neither perspective does justice

In early editions of the DSM, into what disorder category did alcoholism and drug abuse fall?

Sociopathic personality disturbances

Martin sits up every night screaming. He does not remember these terrors, nor is he easily awakened or comforted. What should Martin's mother do?

Use scheduled awakenings to briefly awaken Martin before an attack occurs.

Eating disorders are most prevalent in

Western cultures where food is plentiful.

In which of the following situations is Bill, who has narcolepsy, most likely to experience cataplexy?

While jumping up and cheering for his favorite team

Stage two of sensate focus involves "genital pleasuring" but prohibits intercourse or orgasm. The main purpose of this stage is to

allow sexual experience without the anxiety of performance.

Minerva was extremely anxious and worried about everything. She thought that something terrible would happen and worried what people thought about her. She was also jumpy and suffered from episodes of heart palpitations due to anxiety. Her doctor most likely prescribed____________ to help her.

an anxiolytic

One of the reasons that Viagra has become so widely accepted as a treatment for erectile dysfunction is that

an oral medication is less awkward and intrusive than other treatments.

The chief motivating factor in both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa is

an overwhelming urge to be thin.

Legally available narcotic medications, including morphine and codeine, are used primarily as

analgesics

Matilda has had anorexia nervosa for several years. She started losing weight because her family said she needed to lose a few pounds. A crucial part of treatment for Matilda is family therapy which focuses on the issues regarding

attitudes toward body shape and image distortions. negative communications in the family regarding food and eating. dysfunctional communication in the family regarding food and eating. all of these are correct

The drug opiate-antagonist naltrexone is a treatment for substance abuse that works by

both counteracting the effects of opiates and producing withdrawal symptoms.

The most common of the psychoactive substances, used by 90% of Americans, is

caffeine

Many clinicians suggest that the most difficult part of treatment for anorexia nervosa, and the part of treatment where many people with anorexia nervosa are not successful, is

changing their attitudes regarding body and self-image

The fact that people who have unrealistic expectations, such as "I must sleep a full eight hours every night" or "I will be unable to function," are more likely to experience insomnia suggests that insomnia is at least partially influenced by

cognition

The "pleasure pathways" or internal reward centers in the human brain are primarily made up of

dopamine-sensitive neurons.

The percentage of identical (monozygotic) twins in which both twins are homosexual is 50%. This means

genes are only one influence for sexual orientation.

Men generally desire to be

heavier and more muscular.

You have just heard about a situation in which someone who was drunk vandalized a building and assaulted a security guard. From your knowledge of abnormal psychology, you are aware that although alcohol does not cause aggressive behavior, it may

impair the ability to consider the consequences of acting impulsively

All of the following are informative and accurate statements about inhalants EXCEPT that

inhalant use is most commonly observed among college students.

Pyromania

is a disorder where an individual is preoccupied with setting fires and the associated equipment involved in putting out those fires.

Fred has been having a great deal of trouble initiating and maintaining sleep. He guesses that he is sleeping for an average of about three hours each night and complains that he feels terrible during the day. In addition, Fred has always experienced some anxiety but has recently felt a tremendous increase in his overall anxiety level. The existence of both a sleep disorder and anxiety

is extremely common, since sleep problems can be both a cause and a result of anxiety.

Jill has been in treatment for anorexia nervosa for the past two months. Over this time, she has gained weight to the point where she is in the average range for a woman of her height. The fact that she gained weight fairly quickly in treatment means

little in terms of how likely she is to be successful in the long term.

Treatment effectiveness studies of Masters and Johnson's sensate focus therapy have indicated that

many therapists using Masters and Johnson's techniques are able to demonstrate even greater treatment effectiveness than Masters and Johnson did.

The largest difference in sexual behavior for men versus women is that

men are more likely to masturbate.

Therapy for sexual dysfunctions such as hypoactive sexual desire disorder can best be described as

not well studied and not available in all locations.

In studies of Internet-based eating disorder prevention programs such as the "Student Bodies" program,

participants reported improvement in body image and decreased drive for thinness.

In order to qualify for sex reassignment surgery, candidates must be stable in all of the following ways EXCEPT

physically

Substance intoxication is determined by all of the following EXCEPT

physiological dependence on the drug.

Sam sleeps for eight or more hours every night but never feels rested. He can't understand why he is always tired despite the fact that he reports no difficulties with the quality or quantity of his sleep. Of the following, Sam's most likely diagnosis is

sleep apnea.

Joan is a six-year-old child who cries out in the middle of the night, appearing frightened and inconsolable. Her parents are unable to comfort her during these episodes, and Joan has no memory of the event in the morning. Joan appears to be experiencing

sleep terrors.

An early stage of the cognitive-behavioral treatment (along with education about the physical consequences of binge eating and purging) for Mary, who has bulimia nervosa, will likely involve

small, frequent meals.

The most accurate statement regarding the use of self-help diet books in the treatment of obesity is that

some individuals may lose some weight in the short term but almost always regain that weight.

Medical treatments for severe sleep apnea include medication, mechanical devices, and

surgery

In the impulse-control disorders, the individual feels ________ prior to carrying out the act.

tense and sometimes aroused

After studying the text, you now should understand that the integrative approach to substance abuse is

that for any particular individual, substance abuse may arise from multiple and different causes.

One reason that different diagnostic criteria are used for males and females with inhibited orgasm disorder is

that the disorder is relatively rare in men. that only about 20% of women regularly experience orgasm from intercourse. both are reasons: that the disorder is relatively rare in men, and that only about 20% of women regularly experience orgasm from intercourse.

Benzodiazepine medication is not recommended as a long-term solution for the treatment of insomnia because of

the addictive properties of these medications. rebound insomnia that occurs after the medication is discontinued. excessive sleepiness that may persist during the day. all of these are correct

The reason that antidepressant medications are sometimes used to treat narcolepsy is that

these medications suppress REM sleep that can trigger cataplexy.

Psychophysiological assessment of sexual dysfunction is generally conducted by

using a device that measures physical arousal during exposure to an erotic video or audio recording.

One method that may help sleep disorder patients to "reset" their biological clock (circadian rhythms) is exposure to

very bright lights.

The incidence of gender dysphoria resulting in a rejection of natal sex is

very low, with far less than 1% of the general population.

From a physiological perspective, the reason that a nicotine addict smokes cigarettes frequently throughout the day is to prevent withdrawal symptoms, which include all of the following EXCEPT

weight loss.

Jody sometimes eats more than just about any other girl that you know. You wonder if her eating sometimes could be considered bingeing. In order to determine this, you would have to know

whether eating gets to be out of her control.

The American Psychiatric Association defines substance abuse in terms of

whether or not the substance interferes with the person's life.

Many drugs provide escape from physical pain, from stress, or from panic and anxiety. This phenomenon has been explored under a number of different names, including all of the following EXCEPT

withdrawal escapism.

The condition called premature ejaculation occurs most frequently in

younger men.

Ecstasy is a pressed pill; ___________ is a purified powder in capsules.

"Molly"

Among the so-called recreational or illicit "designer drugs" is a dissociative anesthetic that produces a sense of detachment along with a reduced awareness of pain. It is called

"Special K"

The new approaches to understanding and treating intersexed individuals who have been proposed recently are based on the concept of "five sexes," which include all of the following EXCEPT

"andros" and "estros."

Bulimia nervosa age range most impacted

18 to 21

The percentage of the adult population of the United States with a body mass index in the obese range was approximately ____ in 2000, rising to approximately ____ in 2014.

30.5%; 37.7%

The percentage of the general population that reports some symptoms of insomnia during any given year is approximately ____.

33%

Approximately ____% of men and ______% of women age 75 to 85 were found to be sexually active in a large survey.

39; 17

Based on stringent criteria, research data indicate that the percentage of men between the ages of 18 and 59 with erectile dysfunction is ____%.

5

Which of the following substances is NOT physiologically addicting?

Alcohol LSD Cocaine All of these are correct

Which of the teenage girls described below is at greatest risk for developing an eating disorder?

Alice is currently on a diet; her friendship clique also diet aggressively.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about amphetamines and/or amphetamine use disorders?

Amphetamine overdose can cause hallucinations, panic, agitation, and paranoid delusions.

Individuals who experience less control over eating and feelings of withdrawal if access to food is limited show similar patterns of _____________ as do those with substance abuse.

Reward neurocircuitry in the brain

Misuse of the benzodiazepine ________ has resulted in it being referred to as the "date rape drug."

Rohypnol

Joe is homosexual and has an identical (monozygotic) twin named Sam. Which of the following statements is true?

Sam is more likely than the general population to be homosexual.

Which of the following drugs is NOT classified as a benzodiazepine?

Seconal

Which surgery is used to alter anatomy physically in order to be consistent with gender identity?

Sex reassignment surgery or gender affirming surgery

Which of the following is the definition of hypnotic?

Sleep-inducing

Which of the following statements is true about individuals with an eating disorder?

They have a diminished sense of personal control. They may manifest as having strikingly low self-esteem. They display more perfectionistic attitudes All of these are correct

Which of the following statements is true regarding body fat in those with bulimia nervosa?

Women with bulimia tend to have more body fat than those without the disorder.

Which of the following represents the typical profile of a patient with either anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa?

Young female, socially competitive environment

Which of the following men is more likely to be homosexual, according to the fraternal birth order hypothesis?

Young-in, who has three older brothers and 1 older sister

According to research on gender dysphoria,

a biological predisposition contributes approximately 60% to the cause.

Individuals who complain about the quality of sleep despite sleeping a reasonable number of hours might be suffering from

a dyssomnia.

Relapse prevention refers to a treatment mode that views relapse as

a failure of cognitive and behavioral coping skills.

The hallmark of anorexia nervosa is

a morbid fear of gaining weight and relentlessly pursue thinness.

Some of the most convincing evidence that helps to explain the observed increase in the incidence of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa over the past half century is

a strong relationship between exposure to media images depicting the thin-ideal body and body image concerns in women.

Sleepwalking is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

acting out a dream.

Caffeine seems to block ____________________ reuptake.

adenosine

Although most psychoactive substances interact with specific substances in the brain cells, the effects of ________ are much more complex because several different neurotransmitter systems are affected.

alcohol

The condition called delirium tremens, also known as the DTs, involves hallucinations and body tremors during withdrawal from

alcohol

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between alcohol and sleep?

alcohol may help initiate sleep but it interrupts ongoing sleep and can be the cause of a sleep disorder

The brain's own version of THC is a neurochemical called

anandamide

A study of foreign-born students who are attending Western universities shows that

anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are observed in some students who were raised in countries where these disorders do not exist.

An eating disorder characterized by recurrent food refusal, leading to dangerously low body weight is called _______.

anorexia nervosa.

The benzodiazepine medications are prescribed primarily to treat

anxiety

Patients with bulimia nervosa often present with additional psychological disorders, particularly ________ and ________.

anxiety disorders; mood disorders

Sexual dysfunction in the United States is experienced by

approximately 44% of women.

Of the following, the group in which we would expect to see the highest incidence of anorexia nervosa is

ballet dancers.

Susan, a woman of relatively normal weight, sometimes eats huge quantities of junk food with no ability to stop herself. She follows this with long periods of complete fasting. Based on this information, Susan would

be diagnosed with bulimia nervosa.

When an individual who has previously taken Antabuse drinks alcohol, he or she will probably

become very ill.

Amy is a young woman who is very competitive and comes from a high-achieving, wealthy family. She is very social and likes the fact that she is quite popular. She believes that her popularity is dependent on the weight and shape of her body. Amy has a boyfriend but worries that she may care more about their relationship than he does. The feature that puts Amy most at risk for an eating disorder is her

belief that her weight and body shape influence her popularity.

Individuals who experience loss of control of their eating and consume great quantities of food but do not engage in any attempts to compensate for their binge would be diagnosed with

binge eating disorder.

Two forms of maladaptive eating patterns associated with obesity are ________ and ________.

binge eating disorder; night eating syndrome

The integrative model of the causes of sleep disorders suggests that most individuals develop sleep disorders as a result of the interaction between

biological and lifestyle factors.

According to the DSM, one of the features of hallucinogen intoxication is

blurring of vision.

Substance abuse and substance dependence are

combined into a single diagnosis in the DSM-5.

In the alcoholism treatment field, the notion of teaching people ______________ is In the alcoholism treatment field, the notion of teaching people ______________ is extremely ____________.____________.

controlled drinking; controversial

JP often has problems with premature ejaculation. As he becomes more anxious about his problem, the amount of time between initiating intercourse and ejaculation will most likely

decrease

The disorder in which a man achieves orgasm only with great difficulty is called as

delayed ejaculation.

All of the following can occur in people who are alcohol dependent for even short periods of time EXCEPT

dementia

Alcohol and the drugs Seconal, Amytal, and Valium are all classified as

depressants

The most common reason that people with anorexia nervosa generally do not seek treatment on their own is that they

do not believe they are too thin.

Sleep terrors and sleepwalking generally occur

during NREM sleep.

Based on the research reported in your text regarding available treatments for bulimia nervosa, we can conclude that treatment that focuses on ________ and ________ is most effective in gaining rapid control of bulimia nervosa and maintaining these gains over the long term.

dysfunctional thoughts; actual disordered behaviors

Before a clinician can diagnose hypersomnia, it is necessary to rule out all of the following EXCEPT

early life exposure to a viral infection such as mononucleosis.

With regard to the biological influences of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, the most accurate statement is that

eating disorders run in families and seem to have a genetic component.

The authors of your textbook suggest that one of the most effective treatments for many sexual dysfunctions is

education regarding normal sexuality.

The most serious medical consequence of bulimia nervosa excluding death is potential

electrolyte imbalance.

Sensate focus and nondemand pleasuring were designed by Masters and Johnson to treat sexual dysfunctions primarily through

elimination of psychologically based performance anxiety.

Sexual dysfunctions are

equally common in heterosexuals and homosexuals.

Of the following, the only symptom that both patients with narcolepsy and patients with hypersomnia experience is

falling asleep during normal waking hours.

All of the following statements about sex reassignment surgery are true EXCEPT

female-to-male conversions adjust better than male-to-female conversions.

Carol has been addicted to narcotics for many years. Recently, she has been trying to quit and has not used any drugs for the last week. We can expect that Carol will be experiencing

fever and chills. nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. aches and pains. all of these are correct

The field of research that studies how genes work to affect addiction is called

functional genomics.

Substances that distort sensory experiences, feelings, and perceptions are known as

hallucinogens

Individuals suffering from insomnia disorder

have difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep.

All of the following are symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol EXCEPT

hypersomnia

Since about 1960, most Westernized countries have experienced a dramatic

increase in the incidence of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

Mixing caffeinated energy drinks with alcohol can reduce the sedative effect of alcohol, which may

increase the likelihood of later abuse.

Research regarding sexual orientation suggests that homosexuality is

influenced by biological/genetic, psychological, and social factors.

Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by

interruption of air flow without cessation of respiratory activity.

An impulse-control disorder involving the recurrent failure to resist urges to steal things for neither personal nor monetary value is called

kleptomania

The main feature of sexual arousal disorders is

lack of physical sexual response despite desire for sex.

Sexual dysfunction can be a(n) _______________ condition.

lifelong acquired situational all of these are correct

The term sleep hygiene refers to

lifestyle behaviors that facilitate sleep.

The increase in the incidence of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa has been referred to as a "collision between our culture and our physiology." The most accurate interpretation of this statement is that

media standards of beauty are increasingly unattainable for the average woman.

Data from research studies on gender differences in human sexuality reflect all of the following themes EXCEPT that

men emphasize committed relationships more than women.

The most commonly consumed of all the psychoactive drugs are the stimulants, which include all of the following EXCEPT

mescaline

While a patient sleeps, a polysomnographic evaluation collects data on all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

metabolic rate.

Among the opioids are both natural substances (opiates) and the synthetic narcotic called

methadone

Kleptomania seems to be highly comorbid with which type of disorders?

mood

Viewing drug use as _____________ leads to __________ those afflicted with the disorder.

moral weakness; punishing

Children or young adults who experience sexual victimization are

more likely to experience sexual dysfunction as adults.

Auburn has a cup of coffee every morning, smokes 10 cigarettes a day, and has a beer with dinner. This is an example of

n a substance use disorder. t substance use

The most accurate description for the condition called erotophobia is

negative feelings toward sexuality.

The hallmark of bulimia nervosa is

out of control eating followed by compensatory behavior.

Abnormal events such as nightmares, sleep terrors, and sleepwalking that occur during sleep or during the twilight time between sleep and waking are classified as

parasomnias

Recurring ejaculation that occurs before the person wishes it with minimal sexual stimulation is called

premature ejaculation.

Most individuals with bulimia nervosa

purge by self-induced vomiting.

Sandra and Jim have been happily married for several years. Sandra reports that she reaches orgasm from intercourse only about half the time and wonders if something is "wrong" with her. Sandra should

realize that this is not unusual for women and can work on achieving orgasm with her partner, Jim.

In trying to understand why some individuals become addicted to anxiolytics and others do not, it is important to consider the negative reinforcement that is associated with the drug's ability to

reduce anxiety.

Both morphine and codeine are analgesics, which means that they

relieve pain and produce euphoria.

Illicit use of opioid-containing prescriptions is the _____________ most common type of illicit drug use in 2014 after marijuana.

second

Casey was offered a full scholarship to a prestigious conservatory, but his alcohol use got more and more out of control, and in addition to suffering from several interfering symptoms, he was forced to drop out of school after the first semester. He was also very much in debt because of his alcohol use and had estranged himself from his family. Casey's alcohol use disorder would be specified as

severe

As reported in your textbook, as many as 30% of Viagra users have experienced

severe headaches.

Your shy and introverted friend tells you that she has discovered a wonder drug that produces feelings of euphoria and is not addictive. When you realize that she is talking about cocaine, you inform her that

she will develop a growing inability to resist taking more.

Programs that have the best chance of success for preventing eating disorders should target specific behaviors and

should be administered to all girls 15 years of age or older to prevent the disorder from developing

Recent research suggests that the restricting and bingeing/purging subtypes of anorexia nervosa

show few differences in severity of symptoms or personality

As a couple completes stage two of sensate focus therapy, they are instructed to

slowly begin sexual activity, continuing nondemand pleasuring as they progress.

The strongest contributions to etiology of eating disorders seem to be

sociocultural

Enkephalins and endorphins are natural opioids found in

the brain

One reason that it is difficult to provide a precise diagnosis of premature ejaculation is that

the concept of "too soon" is dependent on the individual and the couple.

Jamie, who expects to be less inhibited when she drinks alcohol, will act less inhibited whether she actually drinks alcohol or drinks a placebo she thinks is alcohol. This phenomenon is called

the expectancy effect.

The integration of both positive and negative reinforcement in explaining why the "crash" that follows the initial euphoria of drug use is not a deterrent to further drug use is called

the opponent-process theory.

Although vasodilating drugs such as papaverine and prostaglandin are effective in producing an erection for patients with erectile dysfunction, many patients discontinue use of the drugs because of

the painful nature of the treatment

In the 1950s, James Olds used electrical stimulation on the brains of rats and discovered

the pleasure center of the brain.

The term "primary" in the diagnosis of primary insomnia refers to the fact that

the sleep disturbance is not due to another medical or psychiatric condition.

The sex therapy technique designed specifically to treat premature ejaculation is

the squeeze technique.

The community reinforcement approach, a new type of program that has been started to address the problem of substance abuse, includes all of the following components EXCEPT

the substance abuser is encouraged to accept that his or her friends may continue to be users but associating with them is still OK.

In some individuals, chronic alcohol use causes physical damage to the body. Whether this occurs depends on all of the following factors EXCEPT

the type of alcohol consumed.

The common factor among psychoactive drugs may be

their ability to activate the "pleasure pathways" of the brain.

In a large survey among college-aged men and women, it was found that

"D" and "F" students averaged 11 alcoholic drinks per week.

Gambling disorder affects approximately ____% of adult Americans.

0.5

What body mass index (BMI) level is considered starvation?

16

What is the suicide rate after sex reassignment surgery?

2%

When individuals with anorexia nervosa have been evaluated over long periods of time, it has been found that the percentage of individuals who die as a result of their disorder is ____.

20%

As many as ____ of anorexia nervosa deaths are due to suicide.

20% to 30%

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, ____% of men and ____% of women had 15 or more partners during their lifetime.

21; 8

The percentage of women reporting significant difficulty reaching orgasm is ____%.

25

According to the text, researchers estimate what percentage of individuals in America engage in binge drinking?

25%

According to results reported in your textbook, what is the percentage of women who successfully overcome vaginismus?

80 to 100

Which of the following is NOT an important component of an assessment for sexual dysfunction?

A thorough review of family medical history

Which of the following drugs is known to have an anxiolytic effect?

Alcohol

According to the text, the overdose of which of the following drugs is a common means of suicide?

Barbiturates

The _________ system seems to be particularly sensitive to alcohol.

GABA

Different rates of alcohol dependence in different countries/regions can be attributed to differences in all of the following EXCEPT

Impulse control

Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning marijuana use and abuse?

Paranoia and hallucinations can occur.

What is self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse used to compensate for excessive food ingestion?

Purging techniques

Which of the following effects is associated with cocaine use?

Rapid and irregular heartbeat

Which of the following are examples of opioids?

Chemicals in the poppy Hydrocodone Enkephalins All of these are correct

Lifetime prevalence rates for alcohol use disorder, meaning a person met criteria for an alcohol use disorder at some point in during his or her life, are more than

29%

Which of the following is the definition of sedative?

Calming