Abnormal Psychology Chapter 13

a friend asked your advice about the MOST effective therapy to use for treating borderline personality disorder. your BEST answer is

"research suggests that dialectical behavior therapy is the most effect"

Which of these well known people appears to have displayed symptoms of antisocial personality disorder?

Bernie Madoff

If you believe that personality disorders are best understood as a matter of degree in difference from typical personality rather than a specific diagnosis you agree with:

a dimensional approach

which of the following would MOST clearly fit into the biosocial theory of the development of borderline personality disorder?

an individual who has difficulty controlling internal emotions and parents who mislabel those emotions

Psychodynamic theorists explain obsessive compulsive personality disorder as a fixation at the

anal stage

one reason that the personality disorders are difficult to treat is that the afflicted individuals:

are frequently unaware that they have a problem

giving in to a childs refusal to comply with a parental request may inadvertently reinforce stubborn and defiant behavior, setting the scene for the development of antisocial personality disorder. this is most like a ____disorder.

behavioral

the fact that children may learn antisocial behavior by modeling parental conflict and aggressiveness provides support for

behavioral theory

assume a study of prison inmates diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder shows that they generally experience less anxiety than other people when they lie or con others. This outcome would most strongly support which theoretical position?

biological

"that personality disorder has become so coming i encounter it almost every day in the emergency room.' MOST likely this doctor is talking about which personality disorder?

borderline

Thats it. says your friend the psychotherapist. I can't work with that client as soon as i show an empathy at all it becomes almost impossible to challenge that client. and the client keeps calling me at all hours of the day. MOST likely this is a client with :

borderline personality disorder

gorts parents never quite liked him probably did not want children in the first place and he was just not accepted. he had a low opinion of himself and did not intreat with other children. Now he cuts himself and has been to the ER several times. This is a description of the possible development of

borderline personality disorder

Dr. Marsha Linehan, the developer of dialectal behavior therapy, would have diagnosed her young adult self with

borerline personality disorder

An individual diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder reports having a great deal os difficulty figuring out how others feel. and as a child has difficulty developing adequate language skills. These findings would make the MOST sense to a theorist with which background?

cognitive

The type of therapist MOST likely to try to help people diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder to believe they are not helpless and to teach them better thinking skills is a ____

cognitive

"you had one eye in the mirror as you watched yourself.../ you're so vain" sang carly simpson in 1973 #1 hit "you're so vain" if the subject of the song were diagnosed with a personality disorder which of the following would be most limey diagnosed?

histionic

a person experiencing paranoid personality disorder frequently says things like "youve got to get them before they get you" and "people have been sinners since the garden of eden". If these sayings reflect maladaptive assumptions the person has about people in general, the theorist who would be least surprised would have which theoretical position.

cognitive

there is a new game called "moods" where one acts out the mood listed on a card. Being encourages to play this game is most like the treatment____ might use for those with schizoid disorders

cognitive therapist

the two childhood disorders that have been related to later antisocial personality disorder are

conduct disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

If an individual has damage to the prefrontal cortex which of the following symptoms would most likely be observed?

deficits in planning, self control, and decision making

"be loyal to your family" was that the child heard all the time along with "you shoulnt-you can't- do it on your own so don't even try." a behaviorist would say this kind of upbringing would be MOST likely to produce which of the following personality disorders in the child when he or she reached adulthood?

dependent

The category of "odd" personality disorders includes the traits of

extreame suspiciousness, social withdrawal, and cognitive and perceptual peculiarities

which of the following is MOST characteristic of mass murders?

feelings or persecution and desire for revenge

belief that the news anchor on CNN is giving one important messages about ones behavior reflects

ideas of reference

Cognitve therapy for avoidant personality disorder focuses on

increasing the clients tolerance of emotional discomfort and building up his or herself image

of the following statements which one most accurately reflects up to date research on DSM 5 categories of personality disorder?

individuals do not necessarily have to have very similar personalities to receive the same diagnosis

people with avoidant personality disorder have difficulty____relationships, while people with dependent personality disorder have difficulty____relationships

initiating; ending

if instruments such as the "big five" are used to describe personality, rather than relying on DSM-5, then diagnosis of psychological disorder would become

less categorical and more a matter of degree

The personality disorder that is characterized by the need for underlying love and admiration is

narcissistic

a client is initially very resistant to therapy, cannot acknowledge weakness and ignores feedback. MOST likely the client is experiencing

narcissistic personality disorder and will not make much progress in therapy

The five traits to be included in future revisions of the DSM-5 that utilize a dimensional approach in diagnosing personality disorders are?

negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, psychoticism

a client being treated for avodiant personality disorder must increase the number of social contacts per day. The person at the least must greet others with the sentence, "hello; how are you doing?" MOST likely the therapist has which theoretical background?

provides practice in social interactions

You might suspect an "etc of narcissism" is approaching for a country when:

there is increasing emphasizing on self expression and competitiveness.

What is a common reason for the hospitalization of people with borderline personality disorder?

they may attempt suicide or otherwise hurt themselves

The parents of those with schizoid personality disorder are MOST likely to shave been:

unaccepting

which of the following statements BEST represents current knowledge about mass murders?

we really don't know what causes mass murders to act or how to treat them

a group of diagnostic clinicians can't agree with each other on appropriate personality disorder diagnosis for several clients. In fact it is obvious that in many cases they have inaccurately made their diagnosis. Assuming they are competent clinicians this situation would indicate the DSM 5 categories for personality disorder are

neither reliable nor valid

a friend of yours says " a 15 year old high schooler accused of shooting several classmates received a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder. your most accurate reply would be

no, the kid is too young for that diagnosis

The categorical approach to personality disorders assumes that

problematic personalty traits are either present or absent

a friends says to you, he must have antisocial personality disorder, look how careful he is about his well being and how careless he is about others safety. your MOST accurate reply would be

" you're partly right; most people with antisocial personality disorder are careless about their own safety as well as the safety of others

The personality disorder that is most often associated with criminal behavior is the: A. antisocial personality disorder. B. histrionic personality disorder. C. borderline personality disorder. D. narcissistic personality disorder.

A. antisocial personality disorder.

The personality disorder that is characterized as undying love and admiration for oneself is: A. narcissistic. B. histrionic. C. schizotypal. D. borderline

A. narcissistic

Ty is fairly handsome, but not as handsome as he thinks he is. He doesn't give a hoot about anyone but himself and is sure that everyone around him feels the same way. He is most likely experiencing: A. narcissistic personality disorder. B. schizoid personality disorder. C. schizotypal personality disorder. D. obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

A. narcissistic personality disorder.

Cognitive theorists believe that because of their difficulty scanning the environment, perceiving accurately, and picking up emotional cues, those with schizoid personalities develop ______ very slowly. A. secondary sex characteristics B. language and motor skills C. thinking disorders D. allergies and other medical problems

B. language and motor skills

"I am the greatest!" a famous boxer declared loudly and often. Had he in fact acted throughout his adult life as though he were the greatest, the most appropriate personality disorder diagnosis would be: A. antisocial. B. narcissistic. C. histrionic. D. impulse-control.

B. narcissistic

The fact that those diagnosed with borderline personality disorder often were neglected, rejected, or sexually abused as children is best predicted by which view? A. biological B. psychodynamic C. sociocultural D. cognitive

B. psychodynamic

Sarah respects none of society's boundaries and is insensitive to other people, frequently violating their rights. She does not consider the consequences of her actions. She experiences: A. schizotypal personality disorder. B. schizoid personality disorder. C. antisocial personality disorder. D. histrionic personality disorder.

C. antisocial personality disorder.

"Beatlemania" gripped the United States in the 1960s when the British rock group The Beatles performed; adoring fans screamed, sometimes fainted, and shouted exaggerated, emotional praise at the group. These behaviors most closely resemble the characteristics of which personality disorder? A. schizoid B. antisocial C. histrionic D. narcissistic

C. histrionic

The consistencies of one's personality are called: A. inherited characteristics. B. personality typologies. C. personality traits. D. learned responses.

C. personality traits.

Which category of personality disorder contains the disorders MOST commonly diagnosed? A. "odd" B. There are no clear differences among the categories in terms of frequency of diagnosis. C. "anxious" D. "dramatic"

D. "dramatic"

In the United States, most teenagers have cell phones and text. Which of the following MOST accurately describes adult usage? A. Most do not have cell phones, so most do not text. B. Most have cell phones, but most of them do not text. C. About half have cell phones, but most of them do not text. D. Most have cell phones, and most of them text.

D. Most have cell phones, and most of them text

A person who has an excessive need to be taken care of and is clingy is most likely to qualify for a diagnosis of: A. histrionic personality disorder B. paranoid personality disorder C. narcissistic personality disorder D. dependent personality disorder

D. dependent personality disorder.

The enduring pattern of inner experiences and outward behavior that is unique to each individual is termed: A. individuality. B. a trait. C. character. D. personality.

D. personality.

The theorist who describes the schizoid personality disorder as arising from coping with parental rejection by avoiding relationships represents the ______ theoretical orientation. A. behavioral B. existential C. cognitive D. psychodynamic

D. psychodynamic

What differientiates normal personality characteristics from personality disorders?

all the answers are correct

Elena can't seem to establish social ties because she is afraid of being embarrassed or appearing foolish. She is easily hurt by criticism and is not willing to go into unfamiliar situations. She may be experiencing

avoidant personality disorder

If a person primarily dears close social relationships, one would most likely conclude that the person is experiencing

avoidant personality disorder

DSM 5 like its predessor, DSM IV TR, identifies 10 personality disorders utilizing a

categorical approach

obsessive compulsive personality disorder is MOST common among

men with jobs

Schizotypal personality disorders differ from other "odd" personality disorders in that they are related to schizophrenia and

mood disorders

currently, the big five approach to personality disorders is

the recipient of recognition with a great amount of research being done on it

dialectal behavior therapy emphasizes all of the following except:

the use of anti psychotic medications in an outpatient setting

as part of their therapy, clients learn to evaluate their unusual thoughts, track the accuracy of magical predictions and reconnect with the world and with their limitations. The diagnoses of these clients would MOST likely be in which of the following broad categories of personality disorder?

"odd"

A group of diagnostic clinicians can't agree with each other on appropriate personality disorder diagnoses for several clients. In fact, it is obvious that, in many cases, they have inaccurately made their diagnoses. Assuming they are competent clinicians, this situation would indicate the DSM-IV-TR categories for personality disorder are: A. neither reliable nor valid B. both reliable and valid C. reliable, but not valid D. not reliable, but valid

A. neither reliable nor valid.

The term comorbidity means that: A. one disorder may develop into another. B. two disorders may occur together in an individual. C. the appearance of one disorder implies the disappearance of the one that preceded it. D. one disorder automatically implies the other.

B. two disorders may occur together in an individual.

The absence of parental love results in emotional detachment and the use of power to form relationships. This is most like a ______ explanation of the development of antisocial personality disorder. A. biological B. behavioral C. psychodynamic D. cognitive

C. psychodynamic

Only 23 percent of adults report openly expressing their anger. Should they?

No. ironically, venting appears to make people angrier

a client is searching for the BEST treatment for borderline personality disorder. Will drug treatment be effective if it is the only intervention the client receives?

No; they should be used along with psychotherapy, if used at all

studies of those diagnosed with borderline personality disorder show that

over half attempt suicide at least one in their lives and about 10 percent succeed

a client has enlarged brain ventricles and a measurable loss of gray matter. these symptoms are

biological, and the most likely diagnosis of schizotypical personality disorder

An individual with a diagnosed personality disorder is emotionally unstable, impulsive, and reckless. This persons diagnosis is likely to be which of the following personality disorders?

borderline

If parents excessively reinforce clinging and punish attempts at independence, the result might be the development of

dependent personality disorder

DSM 5 has been described as functioning like a light switch which can be on or off. In other words, one either does or does not qualify for a personality disorder diagnosis. Some theorists suggest that degree of symptoms, not symptom absence or presence is more important and similar to a

dimmer switch. with the light adjustable from all the way off to all the way on

A person constantly strives to be the center of attention yet the ideas the person so eloquently expresses are usually shallow and changeable. if this person were diagnosed with a personality disorder, it MOST likely would be

histrionic

The " flower children" of the 1960's and the 1970's have sometimes been called the "me" generation, reflecting the supposed self centered individualism of the time. If this is true, a sociocultural theorist would predict a larger than usual percentage of which kind of personality disorder among the aging "me: generation?

narcissistic

The disorder that appears to be MOST closely related to the schizotypical personality disorder is

schizophrenia

one similarity of those experiencing paranoid personality disorder and those experiencing schizoid personality disorder is that they tend

not to have close ties with others

The TV show Monk features a detective who is very seldom happy has few good friends has very rigid order and way in which he must do things and who frequently has difficulty making up his mind about what to do. If he were diagnosed with a personality disorder it would MOST likely be a ____disorder

obsessive compulsive

"it is clear that very demanding parents caused this person to develop paranoid personality disorder" This statement MOST likely would be made by someone from which of the following theoretical perspectives?

psychodynamic

Personality disorders are categorized into three main clusters that include all of the following except

schizphrenic

Wes has always been a loner. He has never much cared for being with other people and does not form relationships easily. He appears to be without emotion. Wes may be exhibiting:

schizoid personality disorder

An individual has just received a diagnosis of paranoid personality disorder. That individual is MOST likely to have a parent of sibling who has

schizophrenia

one especially good reason to use a form of group therapy in the treatment of dependent personality disorder is that

the group members can model appropriate behaviors and expression of feelings to one another

which of the following statements is not generally true of those with antisocial personality disorder?

they care for no ones safety except theirs and their children's

With the help of a therapist a client with obsessive compulsive personality disorder has experienced a dramatic decrease in both dichotomous thinking and worrying. The clients behavior is

uncommon; most with Obsessive compulsive personality disorder do not seek help and this person is most likely receiving cognitive therapy