abnromal psy exam 1

Jacquie developed PTSD after being held in captivity for years. She is upset by what she had to do to survive and perhaps even feels unworthy of surviving. This is an example of: a. reexperiencing the traumatic event. b. experiencing avoidance. c. experiencing reduced responsiveness. d. experiencing increased anger, anxiety, and guilt.

. experiencing increased anger, anxiety, and guilt.

Norepinephrine is to _____ as corticosteroid is to _____. a. acute stress; posttraumatic stress b. the fight response; the flight response c. the autonomic nervous system; the central nervous system d. the sympathetic pathway; the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway

D) the sympathetic pathway; the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal pathway

A client factor that helps result in positive treatment outcome is: a. educational attainment. b. income level. c. high motivation. d. discipline.

High motivation

When dealing with a new client, the clinical practitioner's major focus is to gather which type of information? a. Diagnostic b. Nomothetic c. Idiographic d. Objective

Idiographic

Which test is NOT a projective test? a. Rorschach test b. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory c. Draw-a-Person test d. Thematic Apperception Te

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Which statement is the BEST conclusion about the various assessment techniques? a. There is one standard assessment battery used by all clinicians in every situation. b. Respect for assessment is on the rise. c. Clinicians have abandoned the use of assessment. d. Assessment is used at the beginning of therapy but not thereafter.

Respect for assessment is on the rise.

General paresis, an irreversible disorder that causes physical and mental symptoms that include paralysis and delusions of grandeur, was found to be caused by: a. syphilis b. tuberculosis c. the HIV virus d. gonorrhea

Syphilis

The belief that the concept of mental illness is actually invalid was advocated by: a. Jerome Frank b. Dick Gregory c. Thomas Szasz d. Carl Rogers

Thomas Szasz.

Which does NOT characterize stress disorders? a. Recurring memories, dreams, or nightmares about the event b. A compulsive need to engage in activities that remind one of the event c. Reduced responsiveness to the world around one d. Signs of increased arousal, such as poor sleep and exaggerated startle reactions

a compulsive need to engage in activities that remind one of the event

A primary focus of the community mental health treatment approach to abnormality is: a. using drug therapy along with psychotherapy. b. prevention. c. homeostasis. d. rejecting all conventional forms of explaining abnormality.

b

The antenna-like extensions located at one end of the neuron are called: a. glia. b. dendrites. c. axons. d. synapses.

b

The model of abnormality that examines the effects of society and culture is the _____ model. a. behavioral b. sociocultural c. psychodynamic d. humanistic-existential

b

Which is NOT a goal of group therapy? a. Sharing advice b. Analyzing dreams c. Developing insights d. Building social skills

b

A goal of behavior-focused therapy is to: a. prevent feelings of anger and acts of aggression. b. control biological factors by focusing on behavior. c. replace problematic behaviors with more appropriate ones. d. understand how beliefs and values are related to behaviors.

c

The process of evaluating a person's progress after being in treatment is called a: a. nomothetic approach. b. clinical assessment. c. behavioral diagnosis. d. functional analysis.

clinical assessment

Insurance parity laws are concerned with: a. government payment for mental health care b. providing equal coverage for mental and medical problems c. providing malpractice insurance for clinical mental health practitioners d. licensing health care providers

concerned with Providing equal coverage for mental and medical problems.

Freud believed that the three central forces that shape the personality were: a. instincts, the ego, and the self. b. biological forces, culture, and learning. c. consciousness, unconsciousness, and instincts. d. instinctual needs, rational thinking, and moral standards.

d

The model of abnormality that MOST closely aligns with positive psychology is the _____ model. a. family-social b. multicultural c. psychodynamic d. humanistic-existential

d

The model of abnormality that focuses on unconscious internal processes and conflicts in behavior is the _____ model. a. cognitive-behavioral b. humanistic-existential c. sociocultural d. psychodynamic

d

Which statement is the BEST example of the biopsychosocial perspective? a. There is one legitimate approach to understanding mental disorders. b. Abnormality is best explained by the sociocultural stresses that a person experiences. c. Eclectic approaches fail to take interactions of various models into account. d. Abnormality results from the interaction of genetic, biological, emotional, behavioral, cognitive, social, cultural, and societal influences

d

A person who witnessed a horrible car accident and then became unusually anxious and depressed for three weeks is probably experiencing: a. posttraumatic stress disorder. b. pretraumatic stress disorder. c. combat fatigue. d. acute stress disorder.

d. acute stress disorder

A driving force behind the policy of deinstitutionalization was: a. increasing support for the somatogenic perspective b. resurgence of the Catholic Church's influence in the United States c. the decline of moral treatment d. the development of psychotropic drugs

development of drugs

Dexter is so afraid of open spaces that he cannot leave his house to go to work. This represents the aspect of the definition of abnormality called: a. danger b. distress c. dysfunction d. deviance

dysfunction

Therapies that have received clear research support are called: a. meta-analyses. b. idiographic. c. evidence-based. d. outcome complex.

evidence based

The collective reactions generated by the sympathetic nervous system pathway and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) pathway are termed the: a. conditioned stress response. b. stressor-stress response. c. autonomic stress response. d. fight-or-flight response.

fight or flight

One distinction that DSM-5 makes between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder is based on the: a. intensity of the anxiety-linked symptoms. b. cause of the anxiety-linked symptoms. c. duration of anxiety symptoms. d. presence of one or more additional psychological disorders.

how long the anxiety symptoms lasts

A panel of psychologists and psychiatrists evaluates the test results and clinical interviews of a client in a sanity hearing. They all arrive at the same diagnosis. The panel has high: a. internal validity. b. predictive validity. c. interrater reliability. d. test-retest reliability.

interrater reliability

One reason why it is challenging for clinicians to determine whether a treatment for a psychological disorder is effective is that: a. it is difficult to measure improvement. b. many clinicians do not use evidence-based treatments. c. multiple treatment approaches may be used at the same time. d. use of medication masks the underlying cause of the disorder.

it is difficult to measure improvement

One of the different mental disorders described by ancient Greeks and Romans was: a. dyspareunia b. bulimia c. melancholia d. anorexia

mel

An interviewer who asks a client questions such as "Where are you now?", "Why do you think you're here?", or even "Who are you?" is probably conducting a(n): a. mental status exam. b. behavioral interview. c. sociocultural interview. d. intelligence test.

mental status exam

The treatment mechanism associated with having a person sit in a dark room and then touching a troubled area of a patient's body with a special rod was: a. exorcism b. trephination c. mesmerism d. hypnotism

mes

A diagnostic criterion for posttraumatic stress disorder is the presence of significant distress or impairment for: a. up to three weeks. b. more than one month. c. more than six months. d. more than one year.

more than 1 month

Which statement is true about the four Ds of abnormality? a. An individual can be diagnosed with a mental illness only if all four Ds are present b. None of the four Ds is, by itself, an adequate gauge of psychological abnormality c. Every culture has generally identical criteria of what constitutes abnormality d. Most clinicians agree on what qualifies under each of the four Ds

none of the four d's

A pattern of anxiety, insomnia, depression, and flashbacks that persists for years after a traumatic event BEST describes: a. hysteria. b. acute stress disorder. c. generalized anxiety disorder. d. posttraumatic stress disorder.

posttraumatic stress disorder.

Before the 1950s, almost all outpatient care for psychological disturbances took the form of: a. treatment at community mental health centers b. treatment by social services agencies c. private psychotherapy d. hospitalization

private psychotherapy

Lamar is having flashbacks. Which symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder does this represent? a. Reexperiencing the traumatic event b. Experiencing avoidance c. Experiencing reduced responsiveness d. Experiencing increased arousal, anxiety, and guilt

reexperiencing the traumatic event

A client diagnosed with schizophrenia has begun to exhibit new symptoms, often saying, "They tell me I'm crazy, so I must be crazy." This MOST likely is an example of: a. self-fulfilling prophecy. b. therapist bias. c. learned helplessness. d. nomothetic disturbance.

self-fulfilling prophecy.

The work of Dorothea Dix led to the establishment of many _____ around the United States. a. state psychiatric prisons b. state psychiatric hospitals c. psychiatric surgery centers d. clinical psychotherapy practices

state psychiatric hospitals

Messages moving from neuron to neuron must cross tiny spaces called: a. dendrites. b. axons. c. neurotransmitters. d. synapses.

synapses

What do acute and posttraumatic stress disorder have in common with dissociative disorders? a. They are new diagnoses, first appearing in DSM-5. b. They are most successfully treated with the same sort of medication: antipsychotics. c. They are triggered by traumatic events. d. They are varieties of depression.

triggered by traumatic events