Acid Base Balance/ Fluids Balance quiz
What commonly used intravenous solution is hypotonic?
0.45% solution
The nurse is teaching a healthy adult client about adequate hydration. How much average daily intake does the nurse recommend?
2500 mL/day
Which fluid should be administered slowly to prevent circulatory overload?
5% NaCl
The nurse is caring for a client with "hyperkalemia related to decreased renal excretion secondary to potassium-conserving diuretic therapy." What is an appropriate expected outcome?
ECG will show no cardiac dysrhythmias within 48 hours after removing salt substitutes, coffee, tea, and other K+-rich foods from diet.
7. A nurse is caring for a patient who has fluid imbalance related to the development of ascites. Which imbalances would the nurse monitor for in this patient? Select all that apply.
Extracellular fluid volume deficit Protein deficit Sodium deficit plasma interstitial fluid shift
A nurse is providing care to a client who is on fluid restriction. Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate?
Offer the client sugar-free candy to help combat thirst.
14. A nurse is administering a blood transfusion for a patient following surgery. During the transfusion, the patient displays signs of dyspnea, dry cough, and pulmonary edema. What would be the nurse's priority actions related to these symptoms?
Slow or stop the infusion; monitor vital signs, notify the physician, place the patient in upright position with feet dependent.
Hypomagnesemia is caused by:
alcohol withdrawal, sepsis, burns, diarrhea
The nurse is caring for a client who had a parathyroidectomy. Upon evaluation of the client's laboratory studies, the nurse would expect to see imbalances in which electrolytes related to the removal of the parathyroid gland?
calcium & phosphorous
A nurse monitoring a client's IV infusion auscultates the client's lung sounds and finds crackles in the bases of lungs that were previously clear. What would be the appropriate intervention in this situation?
call the provider for possible fluid volume overload
A nurse is assessing infants in the NICU for fluid balance status. Which nursing action would the nurse depend on as the most reliable indicator of a patient's fluid balance status?
daily weights
A client who is admitted to the health care facility has been diagnosed with cerebral edema. Which intravenous solution needs to be administered to this client?
hypertonic solution
A client is admitted to the facility after experiencing uncontrolled diarrhea for the past several days. The client is exhibiting signs of a fluid volume deficit. When reviewing the client's laboratory test results, which electrolyte imbalance would the nurse most likely find?
hypokalemia
Hyponatremia is treated by:
hypotonic solution 0.9% normal saline ^ 0.9% also treats hypovolemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypochloremia, hyponatremia
Pt has lots of vomiting and diarrhea, administer what type of solution?
hypotonic solution (ex: 0.45% & 0.9% saline solution)
Which solution is a crystalloid solution that has the same osmotic pressure as that found within the cells of the body and is used to expand the intravascular volume?
isotonic
Students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as a function of intracellular fluid?
maintenance of cell size
A pt with hypercalcemia comes into the emergency room, what signs and symptoms are present?
nausea, vomiting, constipation, bone pain, excessive urination, thirst, confusion, lethargy, slurred speech
Mr. Jones is admitted to the nurse's unit w/diagnosis of hypocalcemia. His laboratory results show a serum calcium level of 8.2 mg/dL. For what assessment findings will the nurse be looking?
tetany, muscle cramping
The nurse is describing the role of antidiuretic hormone in the regulation of body fluids. What phenomenon takes place when antidiuretic hormone is present?
the renal system retains more water
Main function of interstitial fluid is:
transportation of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other essential chemicals