ACID BASE TRIVIA

pH 7.3, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, HCO3 28 mmol/L, and Pa02 60 mm Hg:

Respiratory Acidosis

pH 7.5, Pa02 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 32 mm Hg, and HCO3 26 mmol/L

Respiratory Alkalosis

High altitude?

Respiratory alkalosis

A client with a chronic airflow limitation is experiencing respiratory acidosis as a complication. A nurse who is trying to enhance the client's respiratory status should encourage the patient to do what?

Turn, cough, deep breathe/pursed lip breathing/deep breathing exercises/incentive spirometer use

Dave, a 6-year-old boy, was rushed to the hospital following her mother's complaint that her son has been vomiting, nauseated and has overall weakness. After a series of tests, the nurse notes the laboratory results: potassium: 2.9 mEq. Which primary acid-base imbalance is this boy at risk for if medical intervention is not carried out?

metabolic alkalosis

Loop Diuretics?

metabolic alkalosis

Anne, who is drinking beer at a party, falls and hits her head on the ground. Her friend Liza dials "911" because Anne is unconscious, depressed ventilation (shallow and slow respirations), rapid heart rate, and is profusely bleeding from both ears. Which primary acid-base imbalance is Anne at risk for if medical attention is not provided?

respiratory acidosis

The nurse plans care for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), understanding that the client is most likely to experience what type of acid-base imbalance?

respiratory acidosis

A client is diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in the emergency department. Which clinical manifestations will the client likely exhibit?

Polyuria, polydipsia, vomiting, and fatigue

An anxious client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation caused by anxiety. The nurse should take which action to help the client experiencing this acid-base disorder?

Provide emotional support and reassurance/ Have them breathe into a bag.

A patient was diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia. This is the patient's ABGs: pH 7.3, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, HCO3 28 mmol/L, and Pa02 60 mm Hg. What would the nurse's priority intervention?

Apply Oxygen

A client has been diagnosed with metabolic alkalosis as a result of excessive antacid use. The nurse should monitor this client, expecting to note which signs/symptoms?

Decreased respiratory rate and depth

Patient is intubated and sedated post surgery. The patient has an NG tube connected to continuous suction. Last set of ABGs: pH 7.6, Pa02 120 mm Hg, PaCO2 31 mm Hg, and HCO3 30 mmol/L. What would the nurse's priority action be?

Discontinue suction

A nurse is caring for a client who overdosed on acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) 24 hours ago. The nurse should expect to note which findings associated with an anticipated acid-base disturbance?

Drowsiness, headache, and tachypnea

The client with a history of lung disease is at risk for developing respiratory acidosis. The nurse assesses this client for which signs/symptoms that are characteristic of this disorder?

Headache, restlessness, and confusion. Also Increased respiratory rate.

A patient with DKA is being admitted to ICU. This is the patient's most current ABGs: pH 7.39 PaCO2 27 mmHg, and HCO3 19 mEq/L. The nurse will anticipate what orders?

IV bicarb, IV insulin, IV fluids, electrolyte replacement

An anxious preoperative client is at risk for developing respiratory alkalosis. The nurse should assess the client for which signs and symptoms characteristic of this disorder?

Lightheadedness and paresthesias

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who had an ileostomy created a few days ago. Owing to the normally high output of drainage from this type of ostomy, the nurse monitors the client for signs of which acid-base disorder?

Metabolic Acidosis

Undiagnosed Type 1 Diabetic?

Metabolic Acidosis

pH 7.39, PaCO2 27 mmHg, and HCO3 19 mEq/L

Metabolic Acidosis

Liza's mother is seen in the emergency department at a community hospital. She admits that her mother is taking many tablets of aspirin (salicylates) over the last 24-hour period because of a severe headache. Also, the mother complains of an inability to urinate. The nurse on duty took her vital signs and noted the following: Temp = 97.8 °F; apical pulse = 95; respiration = 32 and deep. Which primary acid-base imbalance is the client at risk for if medical attention is not provided?

Metabolic Acidosis OR Respiratory Alkalosis

Excessive antacid use?

Metabolic Alkalosis

pH 7.6, Pa02 120 mm Hg, PaCO2 36 mm Hg, and HCO3 30 mmol/L

Metabolic Alkalosis

Overdose?

Respiratory Acidosis

pH 7.10, PaCO2 70 mm Hg, and HC03 24 mEg/L:

Respiratory Acidosis