AD: Chapter 13: Domestic Policy (test 3)

noncontributory programs

social programs that provide assistance to people based on demonstrated need rather than any contribution they have made

Social Security

a contributory welfare program into which working Americans contribute a percentage of their wages and from which they receive cash benefits after retirement or if they become disabled

Medicaid

a federally and state-financed, state-operated program providing medical services to low-income people

Medicare

a form of national health insurance for the elderly and the disabled

public policy

a law, a rule, a statute, or an edict that expresses the government's goals and provides for rewards and punishments to promote those goals' attainment

means testing

a procedure by which potential beneficiaries of a public-assistance program establish their eligibility by demonstrating a genuine need for the assistance

Federal Reserve System

a system of 12 Federal Reserve banks that facilitates exchanges of cash, checks, and credit; regulates member banks; and uses monetary policies to fight inflation and deflation

Which of the following are examples of in-kind benefits? a. Medicaid and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program b. Social Security and the Troubled Assets Relief Program c. Medicare and unemployment compensation d. the GI Bill of Rights and the Equal Rights Amendment e. the Earned Income Tax Credit and No Child Left Behind

a. Medicaid and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Which of the following is an example of a contributory program? a. Medicaid b. Medicare c. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families d. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program e. Aid to Families with Dependent Children

b. Medicare

Which three government programs provide assistance to the working poor? a. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Medicare, and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program b. the Affordable Care Act, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program c. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Social Security, and the Earned Income Tax Credit d. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Medicare, and the Affordable Care Act e. Social Security, Medicaid, and Medicare

b. the Affordable Care Act, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Means testing requires that applicants for welfare benefits show a. that they are capable of getting to and from their workplace. b. that they have the ability to store and prepare food. c. a financial need for assistance. d. that they have the time and resources to take full advantage of federal educational opportunities. e. that they are natural-born citizens who have never been convicted of a felony.

c. a financial need for assistance.

Monetary policy seeks to influence the economy through a. taxing and spending. b. privatizing and nationalizing selected industries. c. the availability of credit and money. d. foreign exchange of currency. e. administrative regulation.

c. the availability of credit and money.

cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs)

changes made to the level of benefits of a government program based on the rate of inflation

redistribution

collecting revenue in such a way as to reduce the disparities of wealth between the lowest and the highest income brackets

Government attempts to manipulate the economy by using its taxing and spending powers called a. antitrust policies. b. expropriation policies. c. monetary policies. d. fiscal policies. e. redistributive policies.

d. fiscal policies.

The most powerful institution in determining America's monetary policy is a. the Department of Commerce. b. the Department of Treasury. c. the federal judiciary. d. the Federal Reserve Board. e. the president.

d. the Federal Reserve Board.

The United States' welfare was constructed initially in response to a. the Civil War. b. World War II. c. political reforms of the Progressive era. d. the Great Depression. e. the growth of the military-industrial complex.

d. the Great Depression.

What event prompted the federal government to enter the field of elementary education? a. the Civil War b. the Great Depression c. World War II d. the Soviet Union's launching of Sputnik e. the civil rights movement

d. the Soviet Union's launching of Sputnik

Which of the following was not part of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001? a. a provision allowing parents whose child is attending a failing school to transfer the child to a better school b. a requirement that states failing to meet national standards improve student performance by providing supplemental tutoring, longer school days, and additional summer school c. a requirement that schools show positive results for all subcategories of students and not just overall averages d. a requirement that a national test be used to evaluate every student around the country e. a requirement that every child in grades 3 through 8 be tested yearly for proficiency in math and reading.

e. a requirement that every child in grades 3 through 8 be tested yearly for proficiency in math and reading.

A policy whose objective is to tax or spend in such a way as to reduce the disparities of wealth between the highest and lowest income bracket is called a. antitrust policy. b. deregulation. c. discretionary spending. d. equalization. e. redistribution.

e. redistribution.

Who are the chief beneficiaries of the "shadow welfare state"? a. children b. the elderly c. the nonworking poor d. the working poor e. the middle class

e. the middle class

monetary policies

efforts to regulate the economy through the manipulation of the supply of money and credit; America's most powerful institution in this area of monetary policy is the Federal Reserve Board

subsidies

government grants of cash or other valuable commodities, such as land, to individuals or an organization; used to promote activities desired by the government, to reward political support, or to buy off political opposition

tax expenditures

government subsidies provided to employers and employees through tax deductions for amounts spent on health insurance and other benefits

in-kind benefits

noncash goods and services provided to needy individuals and families by the federal government

indexing

periodic process of adjusting of social benefits or wages to account for increases in the cost of living

contributory programs

social programs financed in whole or in part by taxation or other mandatory contributions by their present or future recipients

fiscal policy

the government's use of taxing, monetary, and spending powers to manipulate the economy

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Programs (SNAP)

the largest antipoverty program, which provides recipients with a debit card for food at most grocery stores, formerly known as food stamps

contracting power

the power of government to set conditions on companies seeking to sell goods or services to government agencies