Adult and Elder exam 3 Jimmy questions

The nurse determines a need for additional instruction when the patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes says which of the following? "I will need a bedtime snack because I take an evening dose of NPH insulin." "I can choose any foods, as long as I use enough insulin to cover the calories." "I can have an occasional beverage with alcohol if I include it in my meal plan." "I will eat something at meal times to prevent hypoglycemia, even if I am not hungry."

"I can choose any foods, as long as I use enough insulin to cover the calories."

A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing pain following abdominal surgery. Which information is important for the nurse to share with the patient when providing patient education about effective pain management?

"We should work together to create a schedule to provide regular dosing of medication."

A patient receives aspart (NovoLog) insulin at 8:00 AM. At which time would the nurse anticipate the highest risk for hypoglycemia? 10:00 AM 12:00 AM 2:00 PM 4:00 PM

10:00 AM

During preoperative assessment for a 7:30 AM (0730) surgery, the nurse finds the patient drank a cup of coffee this morning. The nurse reports this information to the anesthesia provider. Which action does the nurse anticipate next? a. A delay in or cancellation of surgery b. Questions regarding components of the coffee c. Additional questions about why the patient had coffee d. Instructions to determine what education was provided in the preoperative visit

A delay in or cancellation of surgery

A patient who has diabetes and reported burning foot pain at night receives a new prescription. Which information should the nurse teach the patient about amitriptyline ? Amitriptyline decreases the depression caused by your foot pain. Amitriptyline helps prevent transmission of pain impulses to the brain. Amitriptyline corrects some of the blood vessel changes that cause pain. Amitriptyline improves sleep and makes you less aware of nighttime pain

Amitriptyline helps prevent transmission of pain impulses to the brain.

The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient who has had a minimally invasive carpel tunnel repair. The patient has a temperature of 97° F and is shivering. Which reason will the nurse most likely consider as the primary cause when planning care? a. Anesthesia lowers metabolism. b. Surgical suites have air currents. c. The patient is dressed only in a gown. d. The large open body cavity contributed to heat loss.

Anesthesia lowers metabolism.

20. The nurse is preparing to teach a 43-yr-old man who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes about home management of the disease. Which action should the nurse take first? Ask the patient's family to participate in the diabetes education program. Assess the patient's perception of what it means to have diabetes mellitus. Demonstrate how to check glucose using capillary blood glucose monitoring. Discuss the need for the patient to actively participate in diabetes management.

Assess the patient's perception of what it means to have diabetes mellitus.

The nurse is caring for a patient to ease modifiable factors that contribute to pain. Which areas did the nurse focus on with this patient? a. Age and gender b. Anxiety and fear c. Culture and ethnicity d. Previous pain experiences and cognitive abilities

Anxiety and fear

The nurse is caring for a patient in the preoperative holding area of an ambulatory surgery center. Which nursing action will be most appropriate for this area? a. Count the sterile surgical instruments. b. Empty the urinary drainage bag. c. Check the surgical dressing. d. Apply a warm blanket.

Apply a warm blanket.

A nurse is planning care for an older-adult patient who is experiencing pain. Which statement made by the nurse indicates the supervising nurse needs to follow up?

As adults age, their ability to perceive pain decreases."

The nurse is preparing a patient for a surgical procedure on the right great toe. Which action will be mostimportant to include in this patient's preparation? a. Place the patient in a clean surgical gown. b. Ask the patient to remove all hairpins and cosmetics. c. Ascertain that the surgical site has been correctly marked. d. Determine where the family will be located during the procedure.

Ascertain that the surgical site has been correctly marked.

Which statement by a nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is correct? Insulin is not used to control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. Complications of type 2 diabetes are less serious than those of type 1 diabetes. Changes in diet and exercise may control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed when the patient is admitted with a hyperglycemic coma.

Changes in diet and exercise may control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes.

The nurse is assessing a postoperative patient with a history of obstructive sleep apnea for airway obstruction. Which assessment finding will best alert the nurse to this complication? a. Drop in pulse oximetry readings b. Moaning with reports of pain c. Shallow respirations d. Disorientation

Drop in pulse oximetry readings

The nurse is caring for a patient in the postanesthesia care unit. The patient has developed profuse bleeding from the surgical site, and the surgeon has determined the need to return to the operative area. How will the nurse classify this procedure? a. Major b. Urgent c. Elective d. Emergency

Emergency

The nurse is preparing a patient for surgery. Which goal is a priority for assessing the patient before surgery? a. Plan for care after the procedure. b. Establish a patient's baseline of normal function. c. Educate the patient and family about the procedure. d. Gather appropriate equipment for the patient's needs.

Establish a patient's baseline of normal function.

15. Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient who has type 2 diabetes about glyburide ? Glyburide decreases glucagon secretion from the pancreas. Glyburide stimulates insulin production and release from the pancreas. Glyburide should be taken even if the morning blood glucose level is low. Glyburide should not be used for 48 hours after receiving IV contrast media.

Glyburide stimulates insulin production and release from the pancreas.

The nurse has administered a preoperative medication to the patient going to surgery. Which action will the nurse take next? a. Notify the operating suite that the medication has been given. b. Instruct the patient to call for help to go to the restroom. c. Waste any unused medication according to policy. d. Ask the patient to sign the consent for surgery.

Instruct the patient to call for help to go to the restroom.

Which nursing action can the nurse delegate to experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) who are working in the diabetic clinic? Measure the ankle-brachial index. Check for changes in skin pigmentation. Assess for unilateral or bilateral foot drop. Ask the patient about symptoms of depression.

Measure the ankle-brachial index.

The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled to undergo a surgical procedure. The nurse is completing an assessment and reviews the patient's laboratory tests and allergies and prepares the patient for surgery. In which perioperative nursing phase is the nurse working? a. Perioperative b. Preoperative c. Intraoperative d. Postoperative

Preoperative

The nurse is encouraging the postoperative patient to utilize diaphragmatic breathing. Which priority goal is the nurse trying to achieve? a. Manage pain b. Prevent atelectasis c. Reduce healing time d. Decrease thrombus formation

Prevent atelectasis

A nurse is caring for a patient who fell on the ice and has connective tissue damage in the wrist and hand. The patient describes the pain as throbbing. Which type of pain does the nurse document in this patient's medical record? a. Visceral pain b. Somatic pain c. Centrally generated pain d. Peripherally generated pain

Somatic pain

The patient has presented to the ambulatory surgery center to have a colonoscopy. The patient is scheduled to receive moderate sedation (conscious sedation) during the procedure. How will the nurse interpret this information? a. The procedure results in loss of sensation in an area of the body. b. The procedure requires a depressed level of consciousness. c. The procedure will be performed on an outpatient basis. d. The procedure necessitates the patient to be immobile.

The procedure requires a depressed level of consciousness.

The nurse on the intermediate care unit received change-of-shift report on four patients with hypertension. Which patient should the nurse assess first? a. 48-yr-old with a blood pressure of 160/92 mm Hg who reports chest pain b. 52-yr-old with a blood pressure of 198/90 mm Hg who has intermittent claudication c. 50-yr-old with a blood pressure of 190/104 mm Hg who has a creatinine of 1.7 mg/dL d. 43-yr-old with a blood pressure of 172/98 mm Hg whose urine shows microalbuminuria

a. 48-yr-old with a blood pressure of 160/92 mm Hg who reports chest pain

Which nursing action should the nurse take first to assist a patient with newly diagnosed stage 1 hypertension in making needed dietary changes? a. Collect a detailed diet history. b. Provide a list of low-sodium foods. c. Help the patient make an appointment with a dietitian. d. Teach the patient about foods that are high in potassium.

a. Collect a detailed diet history.

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with hypertension. Which result is most important to communicate to the health care provider? a. Serum creatinine of 2.8 mg/dL c. Serum hemoglobin of 14.7 g/dL b. Serum potassium of 4.5 mEq/L d. Blood glucose level of 96 mg/dL

a. Serum creatinine of 2.8 mg/dL

The charge nurse observes a new registered nurse (RN) doing discharge teaching for a patient with hypertension who has a new prescription for enalapril (Vasotec). The charge nurse will need to intervene if the new RN tells the patient to a. increase the dietary intake of high-potassium foods. b. make an appointment with the dietitian for teaching. c. check the blood pressure (BP) at home at least once a day. d. move slowly when moving from lying to sitting to standing.

a. increase the dietary intake of high-potassium foods.

A patient with diabetes rides a bicycle to and from work every day. Which site should the nurse teach the patient to use to administer the morning insulin?a. thigh. b. buttock. c. abdomen. d. upper arm.

abdomen

A patient with a history of hypertension treated with a diuretic and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor arrives in the emergency department complaining of a severe headache and nausea and has a blood pressure (BP) of 238/118 mm Hg. Which question should the nurse ask to follow up on these findings?

b. "Have you consistently taken your medications?"

Which blood pressure (BP) finding by the nurse indicates that no changes in therapy are needed for a 48-yr-old patient with newly diagnosed hypertension? a. 98/56 mm Hg c. 128/92 mm Hg b. 128/76 mm Hg d. 142/78 mm Hg

b. 128/76 mm Hg

A patient with hypertension who has just started taking atenolol (Tenormin) returns to the health clinic after 2 weeks for a follow-up visit. The blood pressure (BP) is unchanged from the previous visit. Which action should the nurse take first?

b. Ask the patient if the medication is being taken as prescribed.

Which action will the nurse in the hypertension clinic take to obtain an accurate baseline blood pressure (BP) for a new patient? a. Deflate the BP cuff at a rate of 5 to 10 mm Hg per second. b. Have the patient sit in a chair with the feet flat on the floor. c. Assist the patient to the supine position for BP measurements. d. Obtain two BP readings in the dominant arm and average the results.

b. Have the patient sit in a chair with the feet flat on the floor.

2. The nurse obtains the following information from a patient newly diagnosed with prehypertension. Which finding is most important to address with the patient?

b. No regular physical exercise

The nurse identifies a need for additional teaching when the patient who is self-monitoring blood glucose washes the puncture site using warm water and soap. chooses a puncture site in the center of the finger pad. hangs the arm down for a minute before puncturing the site. says the result of 120 mg indicates good blood sugar control.

chooses a puncture site in the center of the finger pad.

Which assessment finding for a patient who is receiving IV furosemide (Lasix) to treat stage 2 hypertension is most important to report to the health care provider? a. Blood glucose level of 175 mg/dL b. Serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L c. Orthostatic systolic BP decrease of 12 mm Hg d. Most recent blood pressure (BP) reading of 168/94 mm Hg

b. Serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L

An older patient has been diagnosed with possible white coat hypertension. Which planned action by the nurse best addresses the suspected cause of the hypertension? a. Instruct the patient about the need to decrease stress levels. b. Teach the patient how to self-monitor and record BPs at home. c. Schedule the patient for regular blood pressure (BP) checks in the clinic. d. Inform the patient and caregiver that major dietary changes will be needed.

b. Teach the patient how to self-monitor and record BPs at home.

The nurse is assessing a patient who has been admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a hypertensive emergency. Which finding is most important to report to the health care provider? a. Urine output over 8 hours is 250 mL less than the fluid intake. b. The patient cannot move the left arm and leg when asked to do so. c. Tremors are noted in the fingers when the patient extends the arms. d. The patient complains of a headache with pain at level 7 of 10 (0 to 10 scale).

b. The patient cannot move the left arm and leg when asked to do so.

A patient has just been diagnosed with hypertension and has been started on captopril . Which information is most important to include when teaching the patient about this drug? a. Include high-potassium foods such as bananas in the diet. b. Increase fluid intake if dryness of the mouth is a problem. c. Change position slowly to help prevent dizziness and falls. d. Check blood pressure (BP) in both arms before taking the drug.

c. Change position slowly to help prevent dizziness and falls.

Which information is most important for the nurse to include when teaching a patient with newly diagnosed hypertension? a. Most people are able to control BP through dietary changes. b. Annual BP checks are needed to monitor treatment effectiveness. c. Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage occurs. d. Increasing physical activity alone controls blood pressure (BP) for most people.

c. Hypertension is usually asymptomatic until target organ damage occurs.

After the nurse teaches the patient with stage 1 hypertension about diet modifications that should be implemented, which diet choice indicates that the teaching has been most effective? a. The patient avoids eating nuts or nut butters. b. The patient restricts intake of chicken and fish. c. The patient drinks low-fat milk with each meal. d. The patient has two cups of coffee in the morning.

c. The patient drinks low-fat milk with each meal.

During change-of-shift report, the nurse obtains the following information about a hypertensive patient who received the first dose of nadolol (Corgard) during the previous shift. Which information indicates that the patient needs immediate intervention?

c. The patient has developed wheezes throughout the lung fields.

A 56-yr-old patient who has no previous history of hypertension or other health problems suddenly develops a blood pressure (BP) of 198/110 mm Hg. After reconfirming the BP, it is appropriate for the nurse to tell the patient that a. a BP recheck should be scheduled in a few weeks. b. dietary sodium and fat content should be decreased. c. diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing monitoring will be needed. d. there is an immediate danger of a stroke, requiring hospitalization.

c. diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing monitoring will be needed.

Propranolol (Inderal) is prescribed for a patient diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse should consult with the health care provider before giving this drug when the patient reveals a history of a. daily alcohol use. c. reactive airway disease. b. peptic ulcer disease. d. myocardial infarction (MI).

c. reactive airway disease.

A patient who has type 1 diabetes plans to swim laps for an hour daily at 1:00 PM. The clinic nurse will plan to teach the patient to check glucose level before, during, and after swimming. delay eating the noon meal until after the swimming class. increase the morning dose of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. time the morning insulin injection so that the peak occurs while swimming.

check glucose level before, during, and after swimming

Which action should the nurse take when giving the initial dose of oral labetalol to a patient with hypertension? a. Encourage the use of hard candy to prevent dry mouth. b. Teach the patient that headaches often occur with this drug. c. Instruct the patient to call for help if heart palpitations occur. d. Ask the patient to request assistance before getting out of bed.

d. Ask the patient to request assistance before getting out of bed.

The nurse is caring for a 70-yr-old patient who uses hydrochlorothiazide and enalapril (Norvasc) but whose self-monitored blood pressure (BP) continues to be elevated. Which patient information may indicate a need for a change? a. Patient takes a daily multivitamin tablet. b. Patient checks BP daily just after getting up. c. Patient drinks wine three to four times a week. d. Patient uses ibuprofen (Motrin) treat osteoarthritis.

d. Patient uses ibuprofen (Motrin) treat osteoarthritis.

The registered nurse (RN) is caring for a patient with a hypertensive crisis who is receiving sodium nitroprusside . Which nursing action can the nurse delegate to an experienced licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)?

d. Set up the automatic noninvasive BP machine to take readings every 15 minutes.

A hospitalized diabetic patient received 38 U of NPH insulin at 7:00 AM. At 1:00 PM, the patient has been away from the nursing unit for 2 hours, missing the lunch delivery while awaiting a chest x-ray. To prevent hypoglycemia, the best action by the nurse is to

request that if testing is further delayed, the patient be returned to the unit to eat.

The nurse is encouraging a reluctant postoperative patient to deep breathe and cough. Which explanation can the nurse provide that may encourage the patient to comply? a. "If you don't deep breathe and cough, you will get pneumonia." b. "You will need to cough only a few times during this shift." c. "Let's try clearing the throat because that will work just as well." d. "Deep breathing and coughing will clear out the anesthesia."

"Deep breathing and coughing will clear out the anesthesia."

25. Which question during the assessment of a patient who has diabetes will help the nurse identify autonomic neuropathy? "Do you feel bloated after eating?" "Have you seen any skin changes?" "Do you need to increase your insulin dosage when you are stressed?" "Have you noticed any painful new ulcerations or sores on your feet?"

"Do you feel bloated after eating?"

The nurse is assessing a 22-yr-old patient experiencing the onset of symptoms of type 1 diabetes. To which question would the nurse anticipate a positive response? "Are you anorexic?" "Is your urine dark colored?" "Have you lost weight lately?" "Do you crave sugary drinks?"

"Have you lost weight lately?"

A nurse is teaching a patient about patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Which statement made by the patient indicates to the nurse that teaching is effective? a. "I will only need to be on this pain medication." b. "I feel less anxiety about the possibility of overdosing." c. "I can receive the pain medication as frequently as I need to." d. "I need the nurse to notify me when it is time for another dose."

"I feel less anxiety about the possibility of overdosing."

After the nurse has finished teaching a patient who has a new prescription for exenatide (Byetta), which patient statement indicates that the teaching has been effective? "I may feel hungrier than usual when I take this medicine." "I will not need to worry about hypoglycemia with the Byetta." "I should take my daily aspirin at least an hour before the Byetta." "I will take the pill at the same time I eat breakfast in the morning."

"I should take my daily aspirin at least an hour before the Byetta."

The nurse explains the pain relief measures available after surgery during preoperative teaching for a surgical patient. Which comment from the patient indicates the need for additional education on this topic? a. "I will be asked to rate my pain on a pain scale." b. "I will have minimal pain because of the anesthesia." c. "I will take the pain medication as the provider prescribes it." d. "I will take my pain medications before doing postoperative exercises."

"I will have minimal pain because of the anesthesia."

A patient who has had type 2 diabetes for 26 years is beginning to experience peripheral neuropathy in the feet and lower leg. The nurse is providing education to the patient to prevent injury to the feet by wearing shoes or slippers when walking. Which statement made by the nurse best explains the rationale for this instruction?

"If you step on something without shoes, you might not feel it; this could possibly cause injury to your foot."

.A nurse teaches the patient about the gate control theory. Which statement made by a patient reflects a correct understanding about the relationship between the gate control theory of pain and the use of meditation to relieve pain?

"Meditation controls pain by blocking pain impulses from coming through the gate."

The nurse and the nursing assistive personnel are assisting a postoperative patient to turn in bed. To assist in minimizing discomfort, which instruction should the nurse provide to the patient? a. "Close your eyes and think about something pleasant." b. "Hold your breath and count to three." c. "Grab my shoulders with your hands." d. "Place your hand over your incision."

"Place your hand over your incision."

The nurse is providing preoperative teaching for the ambulatory surgery patient who will be having a cyst removed from the right arm. Which will be the best explanation for diet progression after surgery?

"Start with clear liquids, soup, and crackers. Advance to a normal diet as tolerated."

The nurse is making a preoperative education appointment with a patient. The patient asks if a family member should come to the appointment. Which is the best response by the nurse? a. "There is no need for an additional person at the appointment." b. "Your family can come and wait with you in the waiting room." c. "We recommend including family members at this appointment." d. "It is required that you have a family member at this appointment."

"We recommend including family members at this appointment."

The nurse is assessing how a patient's pain is affecting mobility. Which assessment question is mostappropriate? a. "Have you considered working with a physical therapist?" b. "What activities, if any, has your pain prevented you from doing?" c. "Would you please rate your pain on a scale from 0 to 10 for me?" d. "When does your pain medication typically take effect on your pain?"

"What activities, if any, has your pain prevented you from doing?"

The nurse has brought a patient the scheduled pain medication. The patient asks the nurse to wait to give pain medication until the time for the dressing change, which is 2 hours away. Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?

"Would you like medication to be given for dressing changes in addition to your regularly scheduled medication?"

The nurse is teaching a student nurse about pain assessment scales. Which statement by the student indicates effective teaching? a. "You cannot use a pain scale to compare the pain of my patient with the pain of your patient." b. "When patients say they don't need pain medication, they aren't in pain." c. "A patient's behavior is more reliable than the patient's report of pain." d. "Pain assessment scales determine the quality of a patient's pain."

"You cannot use a pain scale to compare the pain of my patient with the pain of your patient."

A nurse is caring for a patient who recently had abdominal surgery and is experiencing severe pain. The patient's blood pressure is 110/60 mm Hg, and heart rate is 60 beats/min. Additionally, the patient does not appear to be in any distress. Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?

"You do not look like you are in pain."

h hydrocodone. Which important patient education does the nurse provide? a. "You need to drink plenty of fluids and eat a diet high in fiber." b. "Narcotics can be addictive, so do not take them unless you are in severe pain." c. "Be sure to eat a meal high in fat before taking the medication, to avoid a stomach ulcer." d. "As your pain severity lessens, you will begin to give yourself once-daily intramuscular injections."

"You need to drink plenty of fluids and eat a diet high in fiber."

10. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for additional instruction in administering insulin? 1. "I need to rotate injection sites among my arms, legs, and abdomen each day." "I can buy the 0.5-mL syringes because the line markings will be easier to see." "I do not need to aspirate the plunger to check for blood before injecting insulin." "I should draw up the regular insulin first, after injecting air into the NPH bottle."

1. "I need to rotate injection sites among my arms, legs, and abdomen each day."

The nurse demonstrates postoperative exercises for a patient. In which order will the nurse instruct the patient to perform the exercises? 1. Turning 2. Breathing 3. Coughing 4. Leg exercises a. 4, 1, 2, 3 b. 1, 2, 3, 4 c. 2, 3, 4, 1 d. 3, 1, 4, 2

4, 1, 2, 3

After change-of-shift report, which patient should the nurse assess first? A 19-yr-old patient with type 1 diabetes who has a hemoglobin A1C of 12% A 23-yr-old patient with type 1 diabetes who has a blood glucose of 40 mg/dL A 40-yr-old patient who is pregnant and whose oral glucose tolerance test is 202 mg/dL A 50-yr-old patient who uses exenatide (Byetta) and is complaining of acute abdominal pain

A 23-yr-old patient with type 1 diabetes who has a blood glucose of 40 mg/dL

The nurse is preparing pain medications. To which patient does the nurse anticipate administering an opioid fentanyl patch? a. A 15-year-old adolescent with a fractured femur b. A 30-year-old adult with cellulitis c. A 50-year-old patient with prostate cancer d. An 80-year-old patient with a broken hip

A 50-year-old patient with prostate cancer

After change-of-shift report, which patient will the nurse assess first? A 19-yr-old patient with type 1 diabetes who was admitted with possible dawn phenomenon A 35-yr-old patient with type 1 diabetes whose most recent blood glucose reading was 230 mg/dL A 60-yr-old patient with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome who has poor skin turgor and dry oral mucosa A 68-yr-old patient with type 2 diabetes who has severe peripheral neuropathy and complains of burning foot pain

A 60-yr-old patient with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome who has poor

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient will the nurse see first? a. A patient who had cataract surgery is coughing. b. A patient who had vascular repair of the right leg is not doing right leg exercises. c. A patient after knee surgery is wearing intermittent pneumatic compression devices and receiving heparin. d. A patient after surgery has vital signs taken every 15 minutes twice, every 30 minutes twice, hourly for 2 hours then every 4 hours.

A patient who had cataract surgery is coughing.

A nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patient will the nurse see first? a. A patient who received morphine and has a pulse of 62 beats/min, respirations 10 breaths/min, and blood pressure 110/60 mm Hg b. A patient lying very still in bed who reports no pain but is pale with warm, dry skin c. A patient with severe pain who is nauseated and feels like he or she is about to vomit d. A patient writhing and moaning from abdominal pain after abdominal surgery

A patient who received morphine and has a pulse of 62 beats/min, respirations 10 breaths/min, and blood pressure 110/60 mm Hg

The nurse is caring for a patient who will undergo a removal of a lung lobe. Which level of care will the patient require immediately post procedure? a. Acute care—medical-surgical unit b. Acute care—intensive care unit c. Ambulatory surgery d. Ambulatory surgery—extended stay

Acute care—intensive care unit

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which task may the nurse delegate to the nursing assistive personnel (NAP)? a. Administer a back massage to a patient with pain. b. Assessment of pain for a patient reporting abdominal pain. c. Administer patient-controlled analgesia for a postoperative patient. d. Assessment of vital signs in a patient receiving epidural analgesia.

Administer a back massage to a patient with pain.

39. When a patient with type 2 diabetes is admitted for a cholecystectomy, which nursing action can the nurse delegate to a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)?

Administer the prescribed lispro (Humalog) insulin before transporting the patient to surgery.

A nurse receives an order from a health care provider to administer hydrocodone and acetaminophen (Vicodin ES 7.5/750), to a patient who is experiencing 8/10 postsurgical pain. The order is to give 2 tablets every 6 hours by mouth as needed for pain. What is the nurse's next best action?

Ask the health care provider to verify the dosage and frequency of the medication.

The nurse is caring for a patient who suddenly experiences chest pain. What is the nurse's first priority? a. Call the rapid response team. b. Start an intravenous (IV) line. c. Administer pain-relief medications. d. Ask the patient to rate and describe the pain.

Ask the patient to rate and describe the pain.

An oriented patient has recently had surgery. Which action is best for the nurse to take to assess this patient's pain? a. Assess the patient's body language. b. Ask the patient to rate the level of pain. c. Observe the cardiac monitor for increased heart rate. d. Have the patient describe the effect of pain on the ability to cope.

Ask the patient to rate the level of pain.

The nurse is prescreening a surgical patient in the preadmission testing unit. The medication history indicates that the patient is currently taking an anticoagulant. Which action should the nurse take when consulting with the health care provider? a. Ask for a radiological examination of the chest. b. Ask for an international normalized ratio (INR). c. Ask for a blood urea nitrogen (BUN). d. Ask for a serum sodium (Na).

Ask for an international normalized ratio (INR).

The nurse is caring for a preoperative patient. The nurse teaches the principles and demonstrates leg exercises for the patient. The patient is unable to perform leg exercises correctly. What is the nurse's best next step? a. Encourage the patient to practice at a later date. b. Assess for the presence of anxiety, pain, or fatigue. c. Ask the patient why exercises are not being done. d. Evaluate the educational methods used to educate the patient.

Assess for the presence of anxiety, pain, or fatigue.

The nurse is caring for a patient in the postanesthesia care unit. The patient asks for a bedpan and states to the nurse, "I feel like I need to go to the bathroom, but I can't." Which nursing intervention will be most appropriate initially? a. Assess the patient for bladder distention. b. Encourage the patient to wait a minute and try again. c. Inform the patient that everyone feels this way after surgery. d. Call the health care provider to obtain an order for catheterization.

Assess the patient for bladder distention.

To monitor for complications in a patient with type 2 diabetes, which tests will the nurse in the diabetic clinic schedule at least annually (select all that apply)? Chest x-ray Blood pressure Serum creatinine Urine for microalbuminuria Complete blood count (CBC) Monofilament testing of the foot

Blood pressure Serum creatinine Urine for microalbuminuria Monofilament testing of the foot

An active 32-yr-old male who has type 1 diabetes is being seen in the endocrine clinic. Which finding indicates a need for the nurse to discuss a possible a change in therapy with the health care provider? Hemoglobin A1C level of 6.2% Blood pressure of 140/88 mmHg Heart rate at rest of 58 beats/minute High density lipoprotein (HDL) level of 65 mg/dL

Blood pressure of 140/88 mmHg

The health care provider suspects the Somogyi effect in a 50-yr-old patient whose 6:00 AM blood glucose is 230 mg/dL. Which action will the nurse teach the patient to take? Avoid snacking at bedtime. Increase the rapid-acting insulin dose. Check the blood glucose during the night Administer a larger dose of long-acting insulin.

Check the blood glucose during the night

Which information will the nurse include in teaching a female patient who has peripheral arterial disease, type 2 diabetes, and sensory neuropathy of the feet and legs? Choose flat-soled leather shoes. Set heating pads on a low temperature. Use callus remover for corns or calluses. Soak feet in warm water for an hour each day.

Choose flat-soled leather shoes.

To assist an older patient with diabetes to engage in moderate daily exercise, which action is most important for the nurse to take? Determine what types of activities the patient enjoys. Remind the patient that exercise improves self-esteem. Teach the patient about the effects of exercise on glucose level. Give the patient a list of activities that are moderate in intensity.

Determine what types of activities the patient enjoys.

A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic pain from arthritis. Which action is best for the nurse to take? a. Give pain medications around the clock. b. Administer pain medication before any activity. c. Give pain medication after the pain is a 7/10 on the pain scale. d. Administer pain medication only when nonpharmacological measures have failed.

Give pain medications around the clock.

The nurse has administered 4 oz of orange juice to an alert patient whose blood glucose was 62 mg/dL. Fifteen minutes later, the blood glucose is 67 mg/dL. Which action should the nurse take next? Give the patient 4 to 6 oz more orange juice. Administer the PRN glucagon (Glucagon) 1 mg IM. Have the patient eat some peanut butter with crackers. Notify the health care provider about the hypoglycemia.

Give the patient 4 to 6 oz more orange juice.

Which action should the nurse take after a patient treated with intramuscular glucagon for hypoglycemia regains consciousness? Assess the patient for symptoms of hyperglycemia. Give the patient a snack of peanut butter and crackers. Have the patient drink a glass of orange juice or nonfat milk. Administer a continuous infusion of 5% dextrose for 24 hours.

Give the patient a snack of peanut butter and crackers.

A few weeks after an 82-yr-old patient with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has been placed on metformin (Glucophage) therapy and taught about appropriate diet and exercise, the home health nurse makes a visit. Which finding should the nurse promptly discuss with the health care provider? Hemoglobin A1C level is 7.9%. Last eye examination was 18 months ago. Glomerular filtration rate is decreased. Patient has questions about the prescribed diet.

Glomerular filtration rate is decreased.

A patient with type 2 diabetes is scheduled for a follow-up visit in the clinic several months from now. Which test will the nurse schedule to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment for the patient? Fasting blood glucose Oral glucose tolerance Glycosylated hemoglobin Urine dipstick for glucose

Glycosylated hemoglobin

Which nursing assessment will indicate the patient is performing diaphragmatic breathing correctly? a. Hands placed on the border of the rib cage with fingers extended will touch as the chest wall contracts. b. Hands placed on the chest wall with fingers extended will separate as the chest wall contracts. c. The patient will feel upward movement of the diaphragm during inspiration. d. The patient will feel downward movement of the diaphragm during expiration.

Hands placed on the border of the rib cage with fingers extended will touch as the chest wall contracts.

The nurse is caring for a patient in the operating suite who is experiencing hypercarbia, tachypnea, tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, and muscle rigidity. Which condition does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing? a. Malignant hyperthermia b. Fluid imbalance c. Hemorrhage d. Hypoxia

Malignant hyperthermia

A nurse is providing medication education to a patient who just started taking ibuprofen. Which information will the nurse include in the teaching session? a. Ibuprofen helps to depress the central nervous system to decrease pain perception. b. Ibuprofen reduces anxiety, which will help you cope with your pain. c. Ibuprofen binds with opiate receptors to reduce your pain. d. Ibuprofen inhibits the production of prostaglandins.

Ibuprofen inhibits the production of prostaglandins.

The nurse is caring for an infant in the intensive care unit. Which information should the nurse consider when planning care for this patient? a. Infants cannot be assessed for pain. b. Infants respond behaviorally and physiologically to painful stimuli. c. Infants cannot tolerate analgesics owing to an underdeveloped metabolism. d. Infants have a decreased sensitivity to pain when compared with older children.

Infants respond behaviorally and physiologically to painful stimuli.

The nurse and the nursing assistive personnel (NAP) are caring for a group of postoperative patients who need turning, coughing, deep breathing, incentive spirometer, and leg exercises. Which task will the nurse assign to the NAP? a. Teach postoperative exercises. b. Do nothing associated with postoperative exercises. c. Document in the medical record when exercises are completed. d. Inform the nurse if the patient is unwilling to perform exercises.

Inform the nurse if the patient is unwilling to perform exercises.

. A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis is brought to the emergency department. Which prescribed action should the nurse implement first? Infuse 1 L of normal saline per hour. Give sodium bicarbonate 50 mEq IV push. Administer regular insulin 10 U by IV push. Start a regular insulin infusion at 0.1 units/kg/hr.

Infuse 1 L of normal saline per hour.

A patient is receiving opioid medication through an epidural infusion. Which action will the nurse take? a. Restrict fluid intake. b. Label the tubing that leads to the epidural catheter. c. Apply a gauze dressing to the epidural catheter insertion site. d. Ask the nursing assistive personnel to check on the patient at least once every 2 hours.

Label the tubing that leads to the epidural catheter.

The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient on the medical-surgical floor. Which activity will the nurse encourage to prevent venous stasis and the formation of thrombus? a. Diaphragmatic breathing b. Incentive spirometry c. Leg exercises d. Coughing

Leg exercises

A patient with diabetes is starting on intensive insulin therapy. Which type of insulin will the nurse discuss using for mealtime coverage? Lispro (Humalog) Glargine (Lantus) Detemir (Levemir) NPH (Humulin N)

Lispro (Humalog)

The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient with an incision. Which actions will the nurse take to decrease wound infections? (Select all that apply.) a. Maintain normoglycemia. b. Use a straight razor to remove hair. c. Provide bath and linen change daily. d. Perform first dressing change 2 days postoperatively. e. Perform hand hygiene before and after contact with the patient. f. Administer antibiotics within 60 minutes before surgical incision.

Maintain normoglycemia. Perform hand hygiene before and after contact with the patient.

The circulating nurse is caring for a patient intraoperatively. Which primary role of the circulating nurse will be implemented? a. Suturing the surgical incision in the OR suite b. Managing patient care activities in the OR suite c. Assisting with applying sterile drapes in the OR suite d. Handing sterile instruments and supplies to the surgeon in the OR suite

Managing patient care activities in the OR suite

.The nurse is caring for two patients; both are having a hysterectomy. The first patient is having the hysterectomy after a complicated birth. The second patient has uterine cancer. What will most likely influence the experience of pain for these two patients? a. Meaning of pain b. Neurological factors c. Competency of the surgeon d. Postoperative support personnel

Meaning of pain

The nurse is monitoring a patient in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) for postoperative fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Which action will be most appropriate for the nurse to take? a. Encourage copious amounts of water. b. Start an additional intravenous (IV) line. c. Measure and record all intake and output. d. Weigh the patient and compare with preoperative weight.

Measure and record all intake and output.

38. Which laboratory value reported to the nurse by the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) indicates an urgent need for the nurse's assessment of the patient? Bedtime glucose of 140 mg/dL Noon blood glucose of 52 mg/dL Fasting blood glucose of 130 mg/dL 2-hr postprandial glucose of 220 mg/dL

Noon blood glucose of 52 mg/dL

The nurse is reviewing the surgical consent with the patient during preoperative education and finds the patient does not understand what procedure will be completed. What is the nurse's best next step? a. Notify the health care provider about the patient's question. b. Explain the procedure that will be completed. c. Continue with preoperative education. d. Ask the patient to sign the form.

Notify the health care provider about the patient's question.

The nurse has completed a preoperative assessment for a patient going to surgery and gathers assessment data. Which will be the most important next step for the nurse to take? a. Notify the operating suite that the patient has a latex allergy. b. Document that the patient had a bath at home this morning. c. Administer the ordered preoperative intravenous antibiotic. d. Ask the nursing assistive personnel to obtain vital signs.

Notify the operating suite that the patient has a latex allergy.

36. A patient who was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis secondary to a urinary tract infection has been weaned off an insulin drip 30 minutes ago. The patient reports feeling lightheaded and sweaty. Which action should the nurse take first? Infuse dextrose 50% by slow IV push. Administer 1 mg glucagon subcutaneously. Obtain a glucose reading using a finger stick. Have the patient drink 4 ounces of orange juice.

Obtain a glucose reading using a finger stick.

A nurse is caring for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who is now going to be taking 2 acetaminophen (Tylenol) tablets every 6 hours to control pain. Which part of the patient's social history is the nurse most concerned about? a. Patient drinks 1 to 2 glasses of wine every night. b. Patient smokes 2 packs of cigarettes a day. c. Patient occasionally uses marijuana. d. Patient takes antianxiety medications.

Patient drinks 1 to 2 glasses of wine every night.

The nurse is administering ibuprofen (Advil) to an older patient. Which assessment data causes the nurse to hold the medication? (Select all that apply.) a. Patient states allergy to aspirin. b. Patient states joint pain is 2/10 and intermittent. c. Patient reports past medical history of gastric ulcer. d. Patient reports last bowel movement was 4 days ago. e. Patient experiences respiratory depression after administration of an opioid medication.

Patient states allergy to aspirin. Patient reports past medical history of gastric ulcer.

The nurse is caring for a group of postoperative patients on the surgical unit. Which patient assessments indicate the nurse needs to follow up? (Select all that apply.)

Patient with lung surgery has 20 mL/hr of urine output via catheter. Patient with appendix surgery has thready pulse and blood pressure is 90/60.

The nurse is preparing to assist the patient in using the incentive spirometer. Which nursing intervention should the nurse provide first? a. Perform hand hygiene. b. Explain use of the mouthpiece. c. Instruct the patient to inhale slowly. d. Place in the reverse Trendelenburg position.

Perform hand hygiene.

The nurse is caring for a surgical patient, when the family member asks what perioperative nursing means. How should the nurse respond? a. Perioperative nursing occurs in preadmission testing. b. Perioperative nursing occurs primarily in the postanesthesia care unit. c. Perioperative nursing includes activities before, during, and after surgery. d. Perioperative nursing includes activities only during the surgical procedure.

Perioperative nursing includes activities before, during, and after surgery.

A 27-yr-old patient admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has a serum glucose level of 732 mg/dL and serum potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L. Which action prescribed by the health care provider should the nurse take first? Place the patient on a cardiac monitor. Administer IV potassium supplements. Ask the patient about home insulin doses. Start an insulin infusion at 0.1 units/kg/hr.

Place the patient on a cardiac monitor.

The nurse is caring for a patient in preadmission testing. The patient has been assigned a physical status classification by the American Society of Anesthesiologists of ASA III. Which assessment will support this classification? a. Normal, healthy patient b. Denial of any major illnesses or conditions c. Poorly controlled hypertension with implanted pacemaker d. Moribund patient not expected to survive without the operation

Poorly controlled hypertension with implanted pacemaker

A woman is in labor and refuses to receive any sort of anesthesia medication. Which alternative treatment is best for this patient? a. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) b. Herbal supplements with analgesic effects c. Pudendal block (regional anesthesia) d. Relaxation and guided imagery

Relaxation and guided imagery

33. The nurse is taking a health history from a 29-yr-old pregnant patient at the first prenatal visit. The patient reports that she has no personal history of diabetes, but her mother has diabetes. Which action will the nurse plan to take?

Schedule the patient for a fasting blood glucose level.

The nurse is concerned about the skin integrity of the patient in the intraoperative phase of surgery. Which action will the nurse take to minimize skin breakdown? a. Encouraging the patient to bathe before surgery b. Securing attachments to the operating table with foam padding c. Periodically adjusting the patient during the surgical procedure d. Measuring the time a patient is in one position during surgery

Securing attachments to the operating table with foam padding

The nurse is caring for a patient in the postanesthesia care unit who has undergone a left total knee arthroplasty. The anesthesia provider has indicated that the patient received a left femoral peripheral nerve block. Which assessment will be an expected finding for this patient? a. Sensation decreased in the left leg b. Patient report of pain in the left foot c. Pulse decreased at the left posterior tibia d. Left toes cool to touch and slightly cyanotic

Sensation decreased in the left leg

patient arrives at the emergency department experiencing a headache and rates the pain as 7 on a 0 to 10 pain scale. Which nonpharmacological intervention does the nurse implement for this patient while awaiting orders for pain medication from the health care provider? a. Reassures the patient that the provider will come to the emergency department soon b. Softly plays music that the patient finds relaxing c. Frequently reassesses the patient's pain scores d. Teaches the patient how to do yoga

Softly plays music that the patient finds relaxing

The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient with an abdominal incision. The nurse provides a pillow to use during coughing. Which activity is the nurse promoting? a. Pain relief b. Splinting c. Distraction d. Anxiety reduction

Splinting

11. Which patient action indicates good understanding of the nurse's teaching about administration of aspart (NovoLog) insulin? The patient avoids injecting the insulin into the upper abdominal area. The patient cleans the skin with soap and water before insulin administration. The patient stores the insulin in the freezer after administering the prescribed dose. The patient pushes the plunger down while removing the syringe from the injection site.

The patient cleans the skin with soap and water before insulin administration.

30. Which action by a patient indicates that the home health nurse's teaching about glargine and regular insulin has been successful? The patient administers the glargine 30 minutes before each meal. The patient's family prefills the syringes with the mix of insulins weekly. The patient discards the open vials of glargine and regular insulin after 4 weeks. The patient draws up the regular insulin and then the glargine in the same syringe.

The patient discards the open vials of glargine and regular insulin after 4 weeks.

32. The nurse is interviewing a new patient with diabetes who takes rosiglitazone (Avandia). Which information would the nurse anticipate resulting in the health care provider discontinuing the medication? The patient's blood pressure is 154/92. The patient's blood glucose is 86 mg/dL. The patient reports a history of emphysema. The patient has chest pressure when walking.

The patient has chest pressure when walking.

A 28-yr-old male patient with type 1 diabetes reports how he manages his exercise and glucose control. Which behavior indicates that the nurse should implement additional teaching? The patient always carries hard candies when engaging in exercise. The patient goes for a vigorous walk when his glucose is 200 mg/dL. The patient has a peanut butter sandwich before going for a bicycle ride. The patient increases daily exercise when ketones are present in the urine.

The patient increases daily exercise when ketones are present in the urine.

The nurse is assessing a patient for opioid tolerance. Which finding supports the nurse's assessment? a. The patient needed a substantial dose of naloxone (Narcan). b. The patient needs increasingly higher doses of opioid to control pain. c. The patient no longer experiences sedation from the usual dose of opioid. d. The patient asks for pain medication close to the time it is due around the clock.

The patient needs increasingly higher doses of opioid to control pain.

13. Which patient action indicates a good understanding of the nurse's teaching about the use of an insulin pump? The patient programs the pump for an insulin bolus after eating. The patient changes the location of the insertion site every week. The patient takes the pump off at bedtime and starts it again each morning. The patient plans a diet with more calories than usual when using the pump.

The patient programs the pump for an insulin bolus after eating.

.A patient who had a motor vehicle crash 2 days ago is experiencing pain and is receiving patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Which assessment finding indicates effective pain management with the PCA? a. The patient is sleeping and is difficult to arouse. b. The patient rates pain at a level of 2 on a 0 to 10 scale. c. The patient has sufficient medication left in the PCA syringe. d. The patient presses the control button to deliver pain medication.

The patient rates pain at a level of 2 on a 0 to 10 scale.

A patient who has type 2 diabetes is being prepared for an elective coronary angiogram. Which information would the nurse anticipate might lead to rescheduling the test? The patient's most recent A1C was 6.5%. The patient's blood glucose is 128 mg/dL. The patient took the prescribed metformin today. The patient took the prescribed captopril this morning.

The patient took the prescribed metformin today.

37. A female patient is scheduled for an oral glucose tolerance test. Which information from the patient's health history is important for the nurse to communicate to the health care provider regarding this test? The patient uses oral contraceptives. The patient runs several days a week. The patient has been pregnant three times. The patient has a family history of diabetes.

The patient uses oral contraceptives.

The nurse is administering pain medication for several patients. Which patient does the nurse administer medication to first? a. The patient who needs to be premedicated before walking b. The patient who has a PCA running that needs the syringe replaced c. The patient who needs to take a scheduled dose of maintenance pain medication d. The patient who is experiencing 8/10 pain and has an immediate order for pain medication

The patient who is experiencing 8/10 pain and has an immediate order for pain medication

The nurse is caring for a patient in the operating suite. Which outcome will be most appropriate for this patient at the end of the intraoperative phase? a. The patient will be free of burns at the grounding pad. b. The patient will be free of nausea and vomiting. c. The patient will be free of infection. d. The patient will be free of pain.

The patient will be free of burns at the grounding pad.

The nurse is assessing a 55-yr-old female patient with type 2 diabetes who has a body mass index (BMI) of 31 kg/m2.Which goal in the plan of care is most important for this patient? The patient will reach a glycosylated hemoglobin level of less than 7%. The patient will follow a diet and exercise plan that results in weight loss. The patient will choose a diet that distributes calories throughout the day. The patient will state the reasons for eliminating simple sugars in the diet.

The patient will reach a glycosylated hemoglobin level of less than 7%.

Which finding indicates a need to contact the health care provider before the nurse administers metformin (Glucophage)? The patient's blood glucose level is 174 mg/dL. The patient is scheduled for a chest x-ray in an hour. The patient has gained 2 lb (0.9 kg) in the past 24 hours. The patient's blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is 52 mg/dL.

The patient's blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is 52 mg/dL.

A nurse is caring for a patient who recently had spinal surgery. The nurse knows that patients usually experience acute pain following this type of surgery. The patient refuses to get up and walk and is not moving around in the bed. However, the patient is stoic and denies experiencing pain at this time. What most likely explains this patient's behavior?

The patient's culture is possibly influencing the patient's experience of pain.

The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of guided imagery for pain management as used for a patient who has second- and third-degree burns and needs extensive dressing changes. Which finding best indicates the effectiveness of guided imagery?

The patient's need for analgesic medication decreases during the dressing changes.

The postanesthesia care unit (PACU) nurse transports the inpatient surgical patient to the medical-surgical floor. Before leaving the floor, the medical-surgical nurse obtains a complete set of vital signs. What is the rationale for this nursing action?

This is done to compare and monitor for vital sign variation during transport.

Which action will be included in the plan of care when the nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving nicardipine (Cardene) to treat a hypertensive emergency?

Use an automated noninvasive blood pressure machine to obtain frequent measurements.

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has pain. Which technique will the nurse use to best assess pain in this child? a. Use the FACES scale. b. Check to see what previous nurses have charted. c. Ask the parents if they think their child is in pain. d. Have the child rate the level of pain on a 0 to 10 pain scale.

Use the FACES scale.

A nurse is assessing a patient who started to have severe pain 3 days ago. When the nurse asks the patient to describe the pain, the patient states, "The pain feels like it is in my stomach. It is a burning pain, and it spreads out in a circle around the spot where it hurts the most." Which type of pain does the nurse document the patient is having at this time? a. Superficial pain b. Idiopathic pain c. Chronic pain d. Visceral pain

Visceral pain

The nurse is completing a medication history for the surgical patient in preadmission testing. Which medication should the nurse instruct the patient to hold (discontinue) in preparation for surgery according to protocol? a. Warfarin b. Vitamin C c. Prednisone d. Acetaminophen

Warfarin

The operating room nurse is providing a hand-off report to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) nurse. Which components will the operating room nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. IV fluids b. Vital signs c. Insurance data d. Family location e. Anesthesia provided f. Estimated blood loss

a. IV fluids b. Vital signs e. Anesthesia provided f. Estimated blood loss

The nurse is participating in a "time-out." In which activities will the nurse be involved? (Select all that apply.) a. Verify the correct site. b. Verify the correct patient. c. Verify the correct procedure. d. Perform "time-out" after surgery. e. Perform the actual marking of the operative site.

a. Verify the correct site. b. Verify the correct patient. c. Verify the correct procedure. d.

The nurse is preparing for a patient who will be going to surgery. The nurse screens for risk factors that can increase a person's risks in surgery. What risk factors are included in the nurse's screening? (Select all that apply.) a. Age b. Race c. Obesity d. Nutrition e. Pregnancy f. Ambulatory surgery

age obesity nutrition pregnancy

41. A 30-yr-old patient has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. The nurse will discuss the need to schedule a dilated eye examination every 2 years. c. when the patient is 39 years old. as soon as possible. d. within the first year after diagnosis.

as soon as possible

2. The nurse is using a forced air warmer for a surgical patient preoperatively. Which goals is the nurse trying to achieve? (Select all that apply.) a. Induce shivering. b. Reduce blood loss. c. Induce pressure ulcers. d. Reduce cardiac arrests. e. Reduce surgical site infection.

b. Reduce blood loss. d. Reduce cardiac arrests. e. Reduce surgical site infection.

The nurse is providing preoperative education and reviews with the patient what it will be like to be in the surgical environment. Which points should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)

b. The family is not allowed in the operating suite. d. The nurses will be there to assist you through this process. e. The surgical staff will be dressed in special clothing with hats and masks.

An unresponsive patient with type 2 diabetes is brought to the emergency department and diagnosed with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS). The nurse will anticipate the need to give 50% dextrose. c. initiate O2 by nasal cannula. insert an IV catheter. d. administer glargine (Lantus) insulin.

insert an IV catheter.

A patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about self-monitoring of blood glucose. using low doses of regular insulin. lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose. effects of oral hypoglycemic medications.

lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose.

A 26-yr-old female with type 1 diabetes develops a sore throat and runny nose after caring for her sick toddler. The patient calls the clinic for advice about her symptoms and a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL despite taking her usual glargine (Lantus) and lispro (Humalog) insulin. The nurse advises the patient to

monitor blood glucose every 4 hours and notify the clinic if it continues to rise.

17. When a patient who takes metformin (Glucophage) to manage type 2 diabetes develops an allergic rash from an unknown cause, the health care provider prescribes prednisone. The nurse will anticipate that the patient may need a diet higher in calories while receiving prednisone. develop acute hypoglycemia while taking the prednisone. require administration of insulin while taking prednisone. have rashes caused by metformin-prednisone interactions.

require administration of insulin while taking prednisone.