AEMT Chapter Quiz 13
500 micrograms (µg) is equal to: A) 0.5 mg. B) 0.005 mg. C) 5 mg. D) 0.05 mg.
A) 0.5 mg.
If you have an epinephrine concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, how many milligrams would be present in 5 mL? A) 0.05 mg B) 0.5 mg C) 0.005 mg D) 5 mg
B) 0.5 mg
One milliliter (mL) is the equivalent of: A) 1 cubic deciliter. B) 1 cubic centimeter. C) 1 microgram. D) 1 deciliter.
B) 1 cubic centimeter.
One deciliter (dL) is equivalent to: A) 10 mL B) 100 mL C) 0.1 mL D) 1000 mL
B) 100 mL
A 30-year-old construction worker lacerated his brachial artery and has lost a significant amount of blood. His blood pressure is 70/40 mm Hg and his pulse rate is 130 beats/min. Which of the following IV catheters would be MOST appropriate for this patient? A) 20-18 gauge B) 16-14 gauge C) 24-22 gauge D) There is no preferred IV catheter size in this situation.
B) 16-14 gauge
A 42-year-old man was splashed in the eye by a corrosive substance. Medical control orders you to irrigate the patient's eye with 2 liters of sterile saline. How many milliliters is this? A) 20,000 B) 2,000 C) 200 D) 200,000
B) 2,000
During an attempted resuscitation of a 9-year-old boy in cardiac arrest, your paramedic partner asks you to prepare epinephrine in a dose of 0.01 mg/kg. The child's mother tells you that he weighs approximately 65 pounds. You have a prefilled syringe of epinephrine containing 1 mg in 10 mL. How many milliliters should be administered to this child? A) 4.5 mL B) 3 mL C) 4 mL D) 3.5 mL
B) 3 mL
You are performing an interfacility transport of a patient that will take approximately 15 minutes. The patient has an IV line of normal saline set at a rate of 125 mL/hr. What is the approximate total fluid amount this patient will receive during the transport? A) 25 mL B) 30 mL C) 40 mL D) 35 mL
B) 30 mL
You have set an IV to deliver 250 mL of normal saline over three hours using microdrip tubing. How much fluid are you delivering every 30 minutes? A) 56 mL B) 42 mL C) 64 mL D) 36 mL
B) 42 mL
When inserting an IV into the external jugular vein, you should: A) ensure that the patient is sitting in a fully upright position. B) insert the catheter with the tip pointing toward the shoulder. C) use the same technique that you use for any other IV. D) insert the catheter with the tip pointing toward the head.
B) insert the catheter with the tip pointing toward the shoulder.
The majority of the body's potassium is found within the: A) intravascular fluid. B) intracellular fluid. C) extracellular fluid. D) interstitial fluid.
B) intracellular fluid.
Following administration of an amiodarone bolus, your paramedic partner begins a continuous infusion. This is necessary in order to: A) decrease the therapeutic index of the medication. B) maintain a therapeutic blood level of the drug. C) ensure clearance of the drug from the body. D) slow excretion of the drug by the renal system.
B) maintain a therapeutic blood level of the drug.
Osmosis is defined as the: A) diffusion of molecules across a cell membrane. B) movement of water across a semipermeable membrane. C) movement of water to an area of lower concentration. D) passive transport of molecules across the cell membrane.
B) movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
Shortly after starting an IV on a patient with a possible femur fracture, the patient experiences a sudden onset of shortness of breath and develops cyanosis. After reassessing airway patency and breathing adequacy, you should position the patient: A) on the left side with the head elevated. B) on the left side with the head down. C) in a semi-Fowler's position. D) in Trendelenburg's position.
B) on the left side with the head down.
If used in pediatric patients, butterfly catheters are commonly placed in the: A) anterior forearm. B) antecubital vein. C) veins of the scalp. D) back of the hand.
C) veins of the scalp.
Minimum documentation following IV therapy includes all of the following, EXCEPT: A) venipuncture site. B) the rate the fluid is running. C) your certification level. D) type of fluid being given.
C) your certification level.
After starting an IV on a patient, you set the flow at a "KVO" rate. How many drops per minute does this rate deliver? A) 7 to 12 B) 15 to 25 C) 3 to 8 D) 8 to 15
D) 8 to 15
Sclerosis of a vein is caused by: A) use of elicit drugs. B) atherosclerosis. C) infrequent cannulation. D) frequent cannulation.
D) frequent cannulation.
A 7-year-old child has swallowed a bottle of aspirin. Medical control orders you to give the child 0.5 g/kg of activated charcoal. Based on the child's weight of 45 pounds, how much charcoal will you administer? A) 10 g B) 20 g C) 15 g D) 5 g
A) 10 g
How many grams are present in 25 mL of 50% dextrose (D50)? A) 12.5 g B) 50 g C) 6.25 g D) 25 g
A) 12.5 g
How many pounds does a 90-kg patient weigh? A) 198 lb B) 186 lb C) 189 lb D) 194 lb
A) 198 lb
You receive an order from medical control to start an IV of lactated ringers and administer 150 mL/hr. Using macrodrip (15 gtts/mL) tubing, how many drops per minute will you set the flow rate at? A) 38 B) 40 C) 44 D) 42
A) 38
Which of the following medications or solutions can be administered through an intraosseous line? A) Anything that you can administer via an IV B) Whole blood and cardiac medications only C) Hypertonic drugs and fluids only D) Normal saline and hypotonic drugs only
A) Anything that you can administer via an IV
What is the difference between a crystalloid and a colloid solution? A) Crystalloids do not contain large protein molecules. B) Colloids rapidly move from the vascular space. C) Colloids poorly expand the vascular compartment. D) Crystalloids contain large protein molecules.
A) Crystalloids do not contain large protein molecules.
A patient with congestive heart failure requires medication administration. Which of the following IV solutions would be MOST appropriate to use? A) Five percent dextrose in water B) Lactated ringers C) An isotonic colloid D) Normal saline
A) Five percent dextrose in water
Which of the following is the MOST significant complication associated with IV therapy in geriatric patients? A) Fluid overloading. B) Fluid extravasation. C) Easily infiltrated veins. D) Massive hematoma.
A) Fluid overloading.
A 70-year-old female presents with generalized muscle weakness; lethargy; and hot, flushed skin. Which of the following electrolyte disturbances should you suspect? A) Hypercalcemia B) Hypernatremia C) Hyperkalemia D) Hypocalcemia
A) Hypercalcemia
What is the MOST significant drawback to cannulating a scalp vein in a child with a butterfly catheter? A) It does not allow for rapid fluid administration. B) It causes apprehension for the family. C) Scalp veins are often difficult to cannulate. D) It is aesthetically unpleasant.
A) It does not allow for rapid fluid administration.
What role does phosphorus play in the body? A) It is an important component in the formation of adenosine triphosphate. B) It is responsible for the distribution of water throughout the body. C) It is the principle cation needed for bone development. D) It is the primary buffer in the body.
A) It is an important component in the formation of adenosine triphosphate.
Which of the following electrolytes is essential for the distribution of water throughout the body? A) Sodium B) Potassium C) Chloride D) Calcium
A) Sodium
Which of the following is NOT a crystalloid? A) Whole blood B) Five percent dextrose in water C) Normal saline D) Lactated ringers
A) Whole blood
An ion that has an overall positive charge is called a/an: A) cation. B) buffer. C) electrolyte. D) anion.
A) cation.
A potential complication of intraosseous infusion is compartment syndrome. This occurs when: A) fluid leaks out of the bone and into the osteofascial compartment. B) medication is trapped within the bone canal and causes local destruction. C) swelling occurs within the canal of the bone and compromises circulation. D) fluid leaks out of the bone and engorges the veins in proximity to the bone.
A) fluid leaks out of the bone and into the osteofascial compartment.
A solution that hydrates the cells while depleting the vascular compartment is referred to as being: A) hypotonic. B) hyperosmolar. C) isotonic. D) hypertonic.
A) hypotonic.
A solution that results in water flowing into a cell, causing it to burst, is referred to as being: A) hypotonic. B) isotonic. C) hypertonic. D) hyperosmolar.
A) hypotonic.
Reconstituting a drug, such as glucagon, involves: A) injecting liquid from one vial into another vial that already contains powder. B) injecting liquid from one vial into another vial that contains liquid medication. C) diluting a medication with at least 20 mL of saline prior to administration. D) placing at least 10 mL of saline into a vial that contains powdered medication.
A) injecting liquid from one vial into another vial that already contains powder.
Actions taken after administering a medication to a patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) inquiring about drug allergies. B) carefully assessing the patient. C) documenting the time the drug was given. D) notifying medical control of any changes.
A) inquiring about drug allergies.
__________ fluid accounts for approximately 16% of the body's total weight. A) interstitial B) intravascular C) extracellular D) intracellular
A) interstitial
In order to prevent catheter shear when starting an IV, you should: A) never rethread the needle into the catheter. B) use an 18-gauge or smaller catheter. C) insert the IV in a vein where the catheter cannot bend. D) place the patient on their side prior to starting the IV.
A) never rethread the needle into the catheter.
When attaching an administration set to a bag of IV fluid and priming the IV tubing, you should ensure that the drip chamber is: A) one half full. B) three fourths full. C) one fourth full. D) completely full.
A) one half full.
As an AEMT, the MOST commonly inhaled medication you will administer is: A) oxygen. B) Albuterol. C) Alupent. D) Ventolin.
A) oxygen.
Prior to administering an oral medication to a patient, you must: A) take standard precautions. B) determine the need for the medication. C) contact medical control to obtain authorization. D) carefully assess the patient.
A) take standard precautions.
You respond to an apartment complex for an unconscious male. When you arrive, the patient's friend tells you that he overdosed on heroin. Following your local protocol, you administer 2 mg of naloxone. You have 1 mL ampules of naloxone that contain 0.4 mg per ampule. How many ampules will you have to use? A) 4 B) 5 C) 1 D) 2
B) 5
A 68-year-old female with unstable bradycardia requires 0.5 mg of atropine. Your paramedic partner opens a prefilled syringe of atropine containing 1 mg/10mL. How many milliliters should be administered to the patient? A) 0.5 mL B) 5 mL C) 0.1 mL D) 1 mL
B) 5 mL
During the IV procedure, when is it MOST appropriate to apply the constricting band? A) After you cleanse the venipuncture site. B) Before you cleanse the venipuncture site. C) When you assemble the IV equipment. D) After you insert the catheter into the vein.
B) Before you cleanse the venipuncture site.
Which of the following is a major anion in the body? A) Calcium B) Chloride C) Potassium D) Sodium
B) Chloride
Which of the following formulas is correct for converting a patient's weight in pounds to his or her weight in kilograms? A) Multiply the patient's weight in pounds by 2.2. B) Divide the patient's weight in pounds by 2 and subtract 10%. C) Multiply the patient's weight in pounds by 2. D) Divide the patient's weight in pounds by 2 and add 10%.
B) Divide the patient's weight in pounds by 2 and subtract 10%.
In addition to administering supplemental oxygen, what is the MOST appropriate management for a patient with circulatory overload caused by excessive IV fluid administration? A) Trendelenburg's position, event documented B) Head elevated, medical control notified C) Lateral recumbent position, event documented D) Head lowered, medical control notified
B) Head elevated, medical control notified
A 50-year-old patient complains of abdominal muscle cramps and spasms of his hands. Which of the following electrolyte disturbances does this patient MOST likely have? A) Hyperkalemia B) Hypocalcemia C) Hypernatremia D) Hypercalcemia
B) Hypocalcemia
Which of the following steps for drawing medication from a vial is NOT necessary when drawing medication from an ampule? A) Looking at the container to ensure the appropriate concentration. B) Injecting air into the container before withdrawing the drug. C) Expelling air bubbles from the syringe prior to giving the drug. D) Checking the expiration date and clarity of the drug.
B) Injecting air into the container before withdrawing the drug.
You respond to a call for an unresponsive diabetic. Upon arrival, you find a 23-year-old female unresponsive on her couch. During your assessment, you determine that her blood glucose level is 38 mg/dL. You attempt to start an IV, but are unsuccessful after several attempts. Which of the following routes could be used as a last resort to administer 50% dextrose? A) Subcutaneous B) Intraosseous C) Oral D) Intralingual
B) Intraosseous
A 66-year-old male with congestive heart failure presents with pulmonary edema and difficulty breathing. His blood pressure is 180/90 mm Hg and his pulse rate is 110 beats/min and irregular. When starting an IV, which of the following, if available, would be MOST appropriate for this patient? A) Butterfly catheter B) Saline lock C) Intracath D) 14-gauge angiocath
B) Saline lock
Which of the following represents the correct formula for determining how many drops (gtts) per minute to set your IV at? A) Volume in liters, divided by the gtts/mL of the administration set, divided by the total number of hours over which the fluid will be infused. B) Volume in milliliters, multiplied by the gtts/mL of the administration set, divided by the total number of minutes over which the fluid will be infused C) Volume in milliliters, divided by the gtts/mL of the administration set, multiplied by the total number of minutes over which the fluid will be infused. D) Volume in liters, multiplied by the gtts/mL of the administration set, divided by the total number of hours over which the fluid will be infused.
B) Volume in milliliters, multiplied by the gtts/mL of the administration set, divided by the total number of minutes over which the fluid will be infused
A 60-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. As emergency medical responders are performing CPR, your partner is managing the patient's airway. After preparing your IV set, you should FIRST attempt to cannulate the: A) lateral forearm vein. B) antecubital vein. C) medial forearm vein. D) dorsal hand vein.
B) antecubital vein.
Compounds or charges concentrated on one side of a cell membrane will move across it to an area of lower concentration to maintain balance on both sides of the cell wall. This process is called: A) active transport. B) diffusion. C) osmosis. D) filtration.
B) diffusion.
Signs and symptoms of an air embolus include all of the following, EXCEPT: A) tachycardia. B) facial flushing. C) oxygen-refractory cyanosis. D) respiratory distress.
B) facial flushing.
Severe hyperkalemia can result in: A) severe dehydration as a result of water loss. B) hyperstimulation of neural transmission. C) gastrointestinal disturbances. D) decreased muscle function.
B) hyperstimulation of neural transmission.
After inserting the needle into the injection port of an IV line, but before administering the medication, you should: A) flush the line with a 20 mL bolus of normal saline. B) pinch off the tubing proximal to the injection port. C) explain the procedure to the patient and obtain consent. D) withdraw on the plunger of the syringe to detect blood.
B) pinch off the tubing proximal to the injection port.
The MOST common site for intraosseous cannulation is the: A) lateral femur. B) proximal tibia. C) tibial tuberosity. D) distal tibia.
B) proximal tibia.
When discontinuing an IV line, you should FIRST: A) remove the securing tape from the site. B) shut off the flow from the IV with the roller clamp. C) disconnect the administration set from the IV bag. D) remove the IV tubing from the catheter hub.
B) shut off the flow from the IV with the roller clamp.
There is 0.5 mg/10 mL of epinephrine in an auto-injector. How many milligrams (mg) would you deliver if you administered 5 milliliters (mL)? A) 2.5 B) 0.5 C) 0.25 D) 5.0
C) 0.25
Which of the following represents a "standard" drug dose? A) 0.25 mg/kg B) 0.5 g/kg C) 1 mg D) 1 mg/kg
C) 1 mg
Which of the following IV catheters would deliver the largest volume of fluid? A) 2 ¼" 16-gauge catheter B) 1 ¼" 20-gauge catheter C) 1 ¼" 14-gauge catheter D) 2 ¼" 18-gauge catheter
C) 1 ¼" 14-gauge catheter
A 44-year-old man is experiencing a ventricular dysrhythmia. Medical control orders your paramedic partner to administer 1.5 mg/kg of lidocaine to the patient, who weighs 185 pounds. Lidocaine is supplied in a concentration of 100 mg/10mL. How many milliliters should your partner administer to this patient? A) 12.2 mL B) 11.5 mL C) 12.6 mL D) 10.4 mL
C) 12.6 mL
A severely injured patient has lost approximately 750 mL of blood. What is the appropriate volume of crystalloid solution to administer to the patient? A) 750 mL B) 1,000 mL C) 2,250 mL D) 1,500 mL
C) 2,250 mL
A 40-year-old female requires a medication to decrease her heart rate. The medication to be administered is supplied in a prefilled syringe in a concentration of 6 mg/2 mL. How many milliliters are required to achieve a dose of 12 mg? A) 2 mL B) 6 mL C) 4 mL D) 8 mL
C) 4 mL
A microdrip administration set features a small, needle-like orifice inside the drip chamber and delivers: A) 100 gtts/mL. B) 10 gtts/mL. C) 60 gtts/mL. D) 15 gtts/mL.
C) 60 gtts/mL.
You are transporting an elderly man to the hospital because of complications associated with his congestive heart failure. Approximately 20 minutes after starting an IV of normal saline on the patient, he begins to complain of shortness of breath. You auscultate his lungs and hear rales in all lung fields. What should you do? A) Place the patient in a supine position. B) Assess him for internal hemorrhage. C) Check the flow rate of the IV line. D) Immediately discontinue the IV.
C) Check the flow rate of the IV line.
A 70-year-old man presents with generalized weakness and dizziness. His blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg when he is sitting, 96/56 mm Hg when he is standing. His heart rate is 120 beats/min and his skin is flushed and dry. What is the MOST likely cause of this patient's signs and symptoms? A) Kidney failure B) Overhydration C) Dehydration D) Liver failure
C) Dehydration
Although painful and difficult to manage, what is the location of choice for starting IVs in pediatric patients? A) Forearm vein B) Foot vein C) Hand vein D) Antecubital vein
C) Hand vein
An intraosseous line should be inserted in a critical patient if: A) the patient will require a whole blood transfusion. B) you cannot readily see a visible peripheral vein. C) IV access is unsuccessful after three attempts. D) you cannot establish IV access within three minutes.
C) IV access is unsuccessful after three attempts.
Which of the following statements regarding subcutaneous injections is correct? A) The deltoid muscle is the most common location for a subcutaneous injection. B) Volumes of less than 10 mL are usually given by the subcutaneous route. C) Subcutaneous injections are usually given with a 24-gauge to 26-gauge needle D) The needle is inserted at a 90° angle when giving a subcutaneous injection.
C) Subcutaneous injections are usually given with a 24-gauge to 26-gauge needle
How does lactated ringers solution help combat intracellular acidosis associated with severe blood loss? A) It overhydrates the patient and forces hydrogen ions from the body. B) It draws hydrogen ions into the intravascular space and sends them to the kidneys. C) The lactate is metabolized by the liver to form bicarbonate. D) It has the same chemical components that are contained in bicarbonate.
C) The lactate is metabolized by the liver to form bicarbonate.
Factors that can cause an insufficient or absent flow of fluid through an IV line include: A) a drip chamber that is half full. B) an IV bag that is placed too high. C) an IV bag that is placed too low. D) small air bubbles in the IV line.
C) an IV bag that is placed too low.
Third spacing is defined as: A) cellular destruction secondary to a massive influx of water. B) a loss of body water caused by severe vomiting or diarrhea. C) an abnormal fluid shift into the serous linings of the body. D) a collection of blood within the liver, spleen, or pancreas.
C) an abnormal fluid shift into the serous linings of the body.
When starting an IV on an elderly patient, you should be aware that: A) varicose veins are often the easiest veins to cannulate. B) larger IV catheters minimize the risk of extravasation. C) certain medications can create fragile skin and veins. D) the patient's skin is often thick and difficult to puncture.
C) certain medications can create fragile skin and veins.
When selecting the most appropriate site for IV cannulation, you should avoid veins that: A) are springy when palpated. B) have a rounded appearance. C) cross or lie over joints. D) have the straightest appearance.
C) cross or lie over joints.
After inserting an IV catheter into a vein, you should: A) keep the angle of the catheter at 45° and slide the catheter off the needle. B) decrease the angle of the catheter to 45° and insert the catheter 1" farther. C) decrease the angle of the catheter to 15° and insert the catheter a few mm farther. D) increase the angle of the catheter to 90° and insert the catheter a few mm farther.
C) decrease the angle of the catheter to 15° and insert the catheter a few mm farther.
After removing the stylet from the IV catheter, you should next: A) occlude the proximal end of the catheter to prevent blood leaking. B) attach the prepared IV line to the catheter. C) dispose of the needle in the appropriate container. D) remove the constricting band from the patient's arm.
C) dispose of the needle in the appropriate container.
A solution that has a greater concentration of sodium than does the cell is referred to as being: A) isotonic. B) hyperosmolar. C) hypertonic. D) hypotonic.
C) hypertonic.
Once the "pigtail" that covers the access port of a bag of IV fluid has been removed, the fluid must be used: A) within 24 hours. B) within 36 hours. C) immediately. D) within 12 hours.
C) immediately.
The purpose of a constricting band when starting an IV is to: A) reduce lymphatic return to the puncture site. B) decrease the flow of venous blood at the puncture site. C) increase venous pressure at the puncture site. D) impede arterial flow to the puncture site.
C) increase venous pressure at the puncture site.
Five percent dextrose in water (D5W) is an isotonic solution until it: A) has expired and is no longer active. B) is shaken to mix the ingredients. C) is administered to a patient. D) is mixed with a hypotonic medication.
C) is administered to a patient.
The most commonly carried IV solutions in the prehospital setting are: A) hypertonic colloids. B) hypotonic colloids. C) isotonic crystalloids. D) hypotonic crystalloids.
C) isotonic crystalloids.
Compared to a 16-gauge catheter, a 22-gauge catheter would be more appropriate for an elderly patient because: A) it more easily penetrates their tough skin. B) larger fluid volumes can be administered. C) it reduces the risk of fluid extravasation. D) the risk of catheter shear is much lower.
C) it reduces the risk of fluid extravasation.
Filtration, a type of diffusion, is commonly used to clean the blood via the: A) pancreas. B) liver. C) kidneys. D) spleen.
C) kidneys.
You have attempted to cannulate a vein in a patient's hand; however, shortly after inserting the IV catheter, the vein infiltrates. You should: A) attempt to cannulate the distal part of the same vein. B) search for a vein in the opposite extremity. C) look for a vein that is proximal to the infiltrated vein. D) reattempt to cannulate the same vein when the swelling subsides.
C) look for a vein that is proximal to the infiltrated vein.
To calculate a drug dosage, you must know the weight of the drug present in each: A) deciliter. B) liter. C) milliliter. D) dekaliter.
C) milliliter.
An isotonic solution is one that causes: A) water to flow into the cell. B) water to be drawn out of the cell. C) no change in the shape of the cell. D) the cell to swell and eventually burst.
C) no change in the shape of the cell.
A glass drug cartridge and syringe are components of a/an: A) vial. B) Mix-o-Vial. C) prefilled syringe. D) ampule.
C) prefilled syringe.
While starting an IV on a patient, you see bright red blood quickly traveling up the IV tubing. You should: A) secure the IV line and apply direct pressure. B) lower the IV bag to ensure viability of the IV line. C) remove the catheter and apply direct pressure. D) evaluate the puncture site for signs of infiltration.
C) remove the catheter and apply direct pressure.
Following insertion of a needle into a patient's skin to administer an intramuscular injection, you pull back on the plunger and note the presence of blood in the syringe. You should: A) slightly withdraw the needle and administer the drug. B) administer the medication since this is a normal finding. C) remove the needle and apply pressure to the site. D) advance the needle 1 cm further and administer the drug.
C) remove the needle and apply pressure to the site.
When administered to a normally hydrated patient, normal saline will: A) cause fluid to shift into the cell. B) engorge the intracellular space. C) stay in the intravascular space. D) cause fluid to shift out of the cell.
C) stay in the intravascular space.
When administering a medication via the intramuscular route, you should: A) pinch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 45° angle. B) stretch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 45° angle. C) stretch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 90° angle. D) pinch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 90° angle.
C) stretch the skin over the area and insert the needle at a 90° angle.
The concentration of sodium in the cells of the body is approximately: A) 9.0%. B) 0.225%. C) 0.45%. D) 0.9%.
D) 0.9%.
The MOST appropriate administration set to use for a patient who requires rapid fluid replacement is one that delivers 1 mL of IV fluid per: A) 60 drops. B) 15 drops. C) 20 drops. D) 10 drops.
D) 10 drops.
Prior to administering oral glucose to your diabetic patient, you look at the dosage, which reads 15g. How many milligrams is this equivalent to? A) 1,500 B) 150 C) 150,000 D) 15,000
D) 15,000
You have been requested to infuse 1,000 mL of lactated ringers over six hours. You have macrodrip (10 gtts/mL) tubing and a 16-gauge IV catheter. At how many drops per minute will you set the IV flow rate? A) 24 B) 26 C) 22 D) 28
D) 28
You have a prefilled syringe containing 25g of dextrose in 50 mL of volume. How many milligrams of dextrose are present in each milliliter? A) 5000 mg B) 2500 mg C) 0.5 mg D) 500 mg
D) 500 mg
During a long distance transport, you initiate an IV of normal saline and infuse 125 mL over 2 hours. Using microdrip tubing, how many drops per minute (gtts/min) is your IV flow rate set at? A) 58 gtts/min B) 39 gtts/min C) 53 gtts/min D) 63 gtts/min
D) 63 gtts/min
What is the approximate weight in kilograms of a 155 lb patient? A) 72 kg B) 74 kg C) 76 kg D) 70 kg
D) 70 kg
Which of the following is a systemic complication associated with IV therapy? A) Hematoma B) Phlebitis C) Infiltration D) Air embolus
D) Air embolus
Which of the following techniques is appropriate when cannulating a vein? A) Avoid traction to the vein and insert the needle with the bevel side down at a 90° angle. B) Avoid traction to the vein and insert the needle with the bevel side up at a 45° angle. C) Apply traction to the vein and insert the needle with the bevel side down at a 45° angle. D) Apply traction to the vein and insert the needle with the bevel side up at a 45° angle.
D) Apply traction to the vein and insert the needle with the bevel side up at a 45° angle.
You respond to a residence where a 5-year-old male has ingested an unknown substance. Upon arrival at the scene, the child's mother tells you that her son swallowed approximately 20 Tylenol capsules. What is the MOST logical way of determining how much this child weighs? A) Estimate the child's weight based on his age. B) Determine the child's weight based on his height. C) Use a length-based resuscitation tape. D) Ask the mother if she knows the weight of her son.
D) Ask the mother if she knows the weight of her son.
Which of the following electrolytes determines whether or not the body is acidotic or alkalotic? A) Calcium B) Phosphorus C) Sodium D) Bicarbonate
D) Bicarbonate
Which of the following statements regarding intraosseous infusion is correct? A) Manual IO insertion is performed by approaching the bone at a 45° angle. B) The incidence of osteomyelitis is high following intraosseous infusion. C) Intraosseous needles consist of a solid boring needle inside a hollow Teflon catheter D) Compared to an IV line, fluid does not flow well into the bone because of resistance
D) Compared to an IV line, fluid does not flow well into the bone because of resistance
Which of the following routes is the quickest for getting medication into the central circulation? A) Intramuscular B) Subcutaneous C) Intranasal D) Intravenous
D) Intravenous
A 29-year-old female experiences shortness of breath, urticaria, and bilateral wheezing shortly after you started an IV of normal saline. How should you manage this situation? A) Change the IV tubing and continue the IV. B) Discontinue the IV and remove the catheter. C) Place her on her left side with her head down. D) Leave the catheter in place and remove the solution.
D) Leave the catheter in place and remove the solution.
You are transporting a patient with an IV of D5W. Which of the following signs would be atypical of infiltration? A) IV flow despite occlusion proximal to the IV site B) Edema at the catheter site C) Tightness and pain around the IV site D) Redness around the IV site
D) Redness around the IV site
After inserting the needle into the injection port of a saline lock, you pull back on the plunger and observe blood return in the syringe. You should next: A) administer the medication via IM injection instead. B) remove the needle and prepare a new syringe. C) flush the saline lock with normal saline before giving the drug. D) administer the medication and observe for infiltration.
D) administer the medication and observe for infiltration.
The term "bolus" is defined as: A) administering less than 10 mL of volume. B) delivering a drug via maintenance infusion. C) administering at least 20 mL of volume. D) administering a drug in one mass of volume.
D) administering a drug in one mass of volume.
A 52-year-old man complains of chest pressure. He is diaphoretic and has a blood pressure of 110/90 mm Hg. He has a prescription for nitroglycerin (NTG), but has not taken any. After administering oxygen to the patient you should: A) continue oxygen and transport the patient to the hospital. B) give 1 NTG dose and contact medical control. C) administer up to 3 NTG doses and reassess his BP. D) contact medical control for permission to administer the NTG.
D) contact medical control for permission to administer the NTG.
After starting an IV on a patient in shock, the AEMT accidentally gets stuck with the IV needle. This is referred to as a/an: A) communicable stick. B) disease contraction. C) infectious exposure. D) contaminated stick.
D) contaminated stick.
Substances that become charged particles when they disassociate in water are called: A) organic molecules. B) permeable cells. C) inorganic molecules. D) electrolytes.
D) electrolytes.
You have inserted an IV catheter into a vein in a patient's hand and have secured the IV line appropriately. You assess the flow of the IV and note that it is not flowing. You should FIRST: A) gently manipulate the catheter until the IV starts flowing. B) lower the IV bag to see if blood flows up the IV tubing. C) immediately stop the infusion and apply pressure. D) ensure that the constricting band has been released.
D) ensure that the constricting band has been released.
Perfusion occurs in the capillaries as a result of __________ hydrostatic pressures and __________ in the capillary beds. A) high, diffusion B) low, diffusion C) low, osmosis D) high, osmosis
D) high, osmosis
When administering nitroglycerin via the sublingual route, you should: A) place the medication between the cheek and gum. B) slowly inject the medication into the tongue. C) avoid allowing the medication to dissolve too slowly. D) instruct the patient not to chew or swallow the medication.
D) instruct the patient not to chew or swallow the medication.
An anion is an: A) ion with an overall positive charge. B) electrolyte with a neutral charge. C) ion with both a negative and positive charge. D) ion with an overall negative charge.
D) ion with an overall negative charge.
When choosing an IV site on an elderly patient, you should: A) choose a vein that weaves back and forth. B) cannulate a sclerosed vein since it is less likely to infiltrate. C) always cannulate veins in the antecubital fossa. D) know that varicose veins allow minimal circulation.
D) know that varicose veins allow minimal circulation.
The term applied to the practice of preventing contamination of the patient when performing an invasive procedure is called: A) universal precautions. B) sterile technique. C) standard precautions. D) medical asepsis.
D) medical asepsis.
An example of intravascular fluid is: A) amniotic fluid. B) intraocular fluid. C) cerebrospinal fluid. D) plasma.
D) plasma.
You are attempting to start an IV in a vein on the back of your patient's hand. As you insert the catheter, the patient complains of sudden, severe shooting pain followed by numbness in the extremity. You should: A) carefully continue with the venipuncture. B) lift the IV catheter to a 45° angle. C) assure the patient the symptoms are normal. D) remove the catheter and choose another site.
D) remove the catheter and choose another site.
Medical control has ordered your paramedic partner, via two-way radio, to administer 40 mg of Lasix to a patient with congestive heart failure. You should anticipate that your partner will first: A) administer the medication and document the time and dose. B) determine the concentration of Lasix. C) document the order on her patient care form. D) repeat the drug order to the physician as she heard it.
D) repeat the drug order to the physician as she heard it.
Before you can calculate an IV drip rate, you must know all of the following information, EXCEPT: A) length of time of the infusion. B) the drop factor of the administration set. C) amount of fluid to deliver. D) the gauge of the IV catheter you will use.
D) the gauge of the IV catheter you will use.
When administering a medication via the intranasal route with a mucosal atomizer device, it is important to remember that: A) it will absorb slower than if given via intramuscular injection. B) at least half of the drug must be diluted in normal saline. C) the patient must be conscious for this route to be effective. D) you must spray half of the medication dose into each nostril.
D) you must spray half of the medication dose into each nostril.