AFRAS 170B
How old was Ida B. Wells when she assumed responsibility for her younger siblings?
16
How long was Ida B. Wells exiled from the south for raising the issue of lynching so forcefully and successfully?
30 years
What is true about AA migration between 1910 and 1940?
About 1.75 million AA left the south, doubling the population of living outside that region
What is true about the number of lynchings in the south over the period of 1889?
About 2- 3 people were lynched every week
Why was the pullman company an early area for black labor organizing?
By the 1920's it was the largest employer for AA.
What was the first opportunity for many black men to participate in politics in the south?
Constitutional Conventions in the south
What is true about Dubois beliefs regarding self rule in Africa?
He believed at the time that Africans were not capable of governing without help from their colonial powers.
What was NOT a belief Booker T. Washington had about opportunities for AA?
He did not believe that AA should work for the right to vote while they worked for economic success.
What did republican Rutherford B. Hayes promise in order to win the election of 1876?
He promised he would allow redemption to occur in South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana.
Whose murder inspired Ida B. Wells to take on the cause of lynching?
Her best friends
Where did most AA soldiers spend their time after the civil war?
In the west fighting indigenous people
What was the effect of the Plessy vs. Ferguson decision?
It demonstrated that the highest court in the land accepted discriminatory treatment against blacks
What did the 14th amendment not do?
It did not explicitly give black men the right to vote
What was the result of the civil rights act of 1875?
It was eventually overturned by the US supreme court
What was true about the provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1866?
It was intended to make black codes illegal
What were the actual reasons for many lynchings?
Many AA competing with whites economically were lynched
What was one of the limitations AA teachers had?
Many teachers were poorly educated themselves
What led to the decline of the KKK?
One klux leader was convicted of raping a young white women, when the klan supposedly protects white women
What was the fist concern of many black people once they achieved freedom?
Reuniting with lost family members
What difficulties did AA children face in trying to get an education in the late 19th century?
Rural schools were open were very limited amounts of time Often children were required to assist there parents with agriculture Almost no AA high schools existed in the south
How did ida B Wells work to bring about change for AA? (3)
She became a journalist and newspaper owner She published documented statistical reports on lynching She founded the first suffrage organization for AA women.
How did whites react to black men and women establishing schools in the south? (3)
Sometimes with violence Burning schools Stating blacks couldn't learn
What was the stated reason given for man lynchings?
That a black men raped a white women.
Garvey wanted to establish a settlement in Liberia, what stopped him?
The US government blocked his request to the League of Nations, since they wanted to maintain the power for themselves
What what was the "talented tenth"
The top 10% of AA society. Leaders like Dubois felt that this group should lead the race to greater social and political equality
How did AA leaders like Du bois view Garvey?
They continually denigrated him and his ideas, calling him dangerous and a fool
How did Democrats limit AA political power in the South even in AA were voting?
They creatively drew congressional district so that the fewest possible AA could be elected
What was not a part of the black codes?
They did not allow AA the right to serve on juries
Why did AA serve in the Spanish American War?
They hoped to demonstrate their bravery and worth to whites and therefore eliminate hostility and racism.
What was true about the Black upper class in the early 20th century? (3)
They never had wealth close to that of the wealthiest whites They were often light skinned They were active in very exclusive social clubs, distancing themselves from the majority of AA.
How did the railroad companies feel about segregation?
They opposed the idea because they did not want to have the added expense to maintain separate railroad cars
How did congress react to repeated southern attempts to stop blacks from exercising political power?
They passed the 15th amendment
What did southerners mean when they said they wanted to redeem their states?
They wanted to not only remove blacks and republicans from political office but also from being able to wield any political power or hold any office
What was the main purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau?
To assist black women and children in their transitions to freedom
What reason did most Southern AA migrate north?
To escape the violence in the south To escape sexual exploitation To escape poverty
What organization did Marcus Garvey form in Jamaica in 1914?
Universal Negro Improvement Association
Who organized the Niagra Movement
W.E.B. Dubois
What is true about the early NAACP?
White leaders dominated it and financed it
What was a problem faced by republicans in establishing schools during reconstruction? (3)
White parents refused to have their children go to integrated schools Many states in the south had little money to give Some parents opposed compulsory education laws
Why was there so much violence in the south after reconstruction?
White people resented black people gaining status and freedom
What is true about the end of Reconstruction? (3)
Whites learned that intimidation and violence could reduce AA voting Democrats regained control of Southern legislatures It left few lasting benefits for AA
What made Americans fear that communism might spread to the US in 1919 and 1920?
Widespread labor strikes and agitations as well as the success of communist forces in the soviet union.