ALL Nutrition Final
Nutrients are used by the body for growth, maintenance and _________. (From Chapter 1) A. repair of tissues B. immunity C. emotional support D. genome improvement
A. Repair of tissues
Which of the following is generally not associated with a regular program of physical fitness? Reduced bone density Lower blood pressure Fall in resting pulse rate Diminished blood cholesterol
A. Reduced bone density
What is a safe rate of weight loss on a long-term basis for most overweight people? 0.5 to 2 lbs/week 3 to 4 lbs/week 5% body weight/month 10% body weight/month
A. 0.5 to 2 lbs/week
According to the MyPlate Food Guide which of the following equals about a serving from the Protein Food Group? 1 oz chicken, pork or beef. 2 eggs. 1 cup of beans. 1 cup (5 oz) tofu
A. 1 oz chicken, pork or beef
One cup of lettuce counts as ____ cup(s) of vegetable servings according to the USDA Food Patterns (MyPlate). A. 1/2 B. 1 C. 2
A. 1/2
For maximum benefits, cardiorespiratory endurance episodes should be sustained for at least 20 minutes. 40 minutes. 1 hour. 2 hours.
A. 20 minutes
From the lectures for this week you learned that the recommended intake of fat in the diet is _____ . A. 20 to 35% of total calories B. personalized and based on activity level C. about 1/2 of total calorie intake D. has never been determined by scientists
A. 20-35% of total calories
Nutrients fall into six classes. Pick the correct list of these six classes. A. Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Water B. Sugars, Fats, Amino Acids, Supplements, Fiber, Calories C. Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Organics, Phytochemicals, Water D. Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Calories
A. Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Water
What is the predominant fuel used by muscle cells during low- or moderate-intensity activity? A. Fat B. Protein C. Glycogen D. Blood glucose
A. Fat The body rarely only uses one fuel source. During a completely anaerobic state (seconds long), the body uses glucose. The body would rather use its big fuel source, fat,. Low or moderate intensity activity is aerobic, so it is possible to use fat. (Fat cannot be burned without oxygen). I answered C. during the quiz.
As a means to reduce the risk of neural tube defects in newborn infants, grain products are fortified with what nutrient? Folate Thiamine Vitamin C Vitamin B12
A. Folate
Which of the following is NOT a recommendation to avoid allergies in children? A. If a child has a negative reaction to a food, never offer it to that child again. B. Rotate foods in the diet rather than serving them every day. C. Introduce new foods one at a time. D. When introducing a new food, watch for any allergic reaction for a week before offering another new food.
A. If a child has a negative reaction to a food, never offer it to that child again.
The theory of a diet planning tool like the USDA Food Patterns (MyPlate) is that foods are organized by ___________ and in that way, eating a recommended amount from each group will provide a healthy diet. A. nutrient content B. calorie content C. nutrient density
A. Nutrient Content Answered Nutrient Density on quiz
All of the following are rich sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids EXCEPT: palm oil. fish oils. soybean oil. safflower oil.
A. Palm oil
All of the following can contribute to chronic dehydration in elderly individuals EXCEPT: Perspiration increases as we age. Kidney function decreases with advancing age. The thirst mechanism is impaired in the elderly. Older adults may limit fluid intake due to urinary incontinence.
A. Perspiration increases as we age.
What is the name of the condition characterized by high blood pressure, edema, and protein in the urine of a pregnant woman? Preeclampsia Gestational diabetes Teratogenic hypertension Pregnancy-induced blood pressure crisis
A. Preeclampsia
The Dietary Recommended Intakes are made up of which of the following? (Check all that apply) A. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) B. Adequate Intakes (AI) C. Daily Values (DV) D. Estimated Safe Intakes (ESI)
A. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) B. Adequate Intakes (AI)
Which of the following recommendations for pregnant women and alcohol intake has been issued by the U.S. Surgeon General? They should drink absolutely no alcohol They should refrain from drinking hard liquor only They are permitted to ingest no more than 2 drinks per day They are permitted to ingest small amounts of alcohol during the first 3 months but none thereafter
A. They should drink absolutely no alcohol
Over 95% of the lipids in foods and in the human body are in the form of: triglycerides. phospholipids. sterols. free fatty acids.
A. Triglycerides
Which of the following is an early sign of vitamin C deficiency? Bleeding gums Pernicious anemia Appearance of a cold Hysteria and depression
A. bleeding gums I answered c. on the quiz
The most prevalent mineral in the body is _____________. calcium iron sodium phosphorus
A. calcium
Which of the following can NOT be found in plants? Cholesterol Triglycerides Essential fatty acids Nonessential fatty acids
A. cholesterol
Sam often eats roasted chicken or spaghetti with meatballs for dinner. He's taking a nutrition course and learned about variety. He started practicing variety by: A. eating more leafy green salads. B. eating spaghetti with sauce but no meatballs. C. drinking low fat milk with dinner. D. eating beans and rice for dinner sometimes.
A. eating more leafy green salads? Answered D. on quiz
Which of the following is/are NOT a rich source of carbohydrate? A. eggs B. yogurt C. jelly beans D. apples
A. eggs
A triglyceride always contains three— fatty acids. double bonds. glycerol molecules. glycogen molecules.
A. fatty acids
Inadequate intakes of ________ during pregnancy are associated with neural tube defects in the fetus. folate iron protein calcium
A. folate
Plants store glucose as starch; humans (animals) store glucose as ____________. A. glycogen. B. glucagon. C. ketones. D. fiber.
A. glycogen
According to the USDA Food Patterns (MyPlate), all of the following foods are part of the Protein Group (formerly known as the Meat & Bean Group) EXCEPT: A. green beans and green peas B. almonds C. eggs D. black beans
A. green beans and green peas
A major cause of rancidity of lipids in foods is exposure to heat and oxygen. fluorescent lighting. freezer temperatures. enrichment additives.
A. heat and oxygen
What is the most reliable indicator of an infant's future health status? Infant's birthweight Mother's weight before pregnancy Mother's weight gain during pregnancy Mother's nutrition status prior to pregnancy
A. infant's birthweight
What nutrient deficiency during pregnancy may give rise to a child with cretinism? Iodine Copper Chromium Molybdenum
A. iodine
Of the following nutrient needs, which is considered the most difficult to meet during pregnancy, often because of low body stores? Iron Protein Vitamin D Vitamin B6
A. iron
Which of the following is NOT a good source of fiber? A. salmon B. strawberries C. lentils D. baked potato
A. salmon
What term describes the most nutritious type of bread? A. whole grain B. enriched C. fortified D. 12 grain
A. whole grain
Which of the following is the primary factor in the development of milk anemia? Impaired absorption of iron Excessive intake of cow's milk Low iron content of breast milk Insufficient intake of whole cow's milk
B only I answered A and B incorrectly
Which of the following is an advantage of breastfeeding compared with formula feeding? There is no limit to the supply It provides immunological protection The mother can be sure the baby is getting enough milk It is the only way to develop a true loving relationship with the baby
B. It provides immunological protection
For the Fruit Group of the Food Group Plan (known as MyPlate or USDA Food Patterns), a serving size is _________ for all items except dried fruit. A. 1/2 cup B. 1 cup C. 2 cups D. No answer text provided.
B. 1 cup
For the Fruit Group of the Food Group Plan (known as MyPlate or USDA Food Patterns), a serving size is _________ for all items except dried fruit. A. 1/2 cup B. 1 cup C. 2 cups D. No answer text provided.
B. 1 cup
During the second and third trimesters, the caloric needs of a pregnant woman increase by ________ kilocalories per day. 750-850 350-450 100-200 500-600
B. 350-450
How much energy (as measured in calories) is found in a gram of carbohydrate or one gram of protein? A. 1 B. 4 C. 7 D. 9
B. 4
Julie is starting to practice a vegetarian diet. She does not like any animal food except dairy foods. She also does not like to eat beans (also known as legumes). Which diet-planning principle is Julie failing to practice? A. nutrient density B. balance C. moderation D. calorie control
B. Balance
The USDA Food Patterns (MyPlate) includes a recommendation for Oils. Which of following is NOT a source of Oils? A. nuts B. butter C. fatty fish D. vegetable oils
B. Butter
Which of the following provides energy in our diets? A. vitamins B. carbohydrates C. water
B. Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates, lipids, protein and vitamins are all organic compounds. Organic compounds contain the element _________. A. hydrogen B. carbon C. oxygen D. krypton
B. Carbon
What process results in the hardening of an egg when it is exposed to heat? Solidification Denaturation Condensation Protein interaction
B. Denaturation
Which of the following monosaccharide is part of all three dietary disaccharides? A. Sucrose B. Glucose C. Fructose D. Galactose
B. Glucose
Why is it recommended that infants not consume honey? Infants do not like the taste of honey. Honey may contain the bacteria that causes botulism, a type of foodborne illness. Honey consumption during infancy is associated with the development of dental caries. Honey can lead to chronic diarrhea in infants.
B. Honey may contain the bacteria that causes botulism, a type of foodborne illness.
Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol? A. It is absorbed directly into the blood. B. It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis. C. It is not formed in the body when provided by the diet. D. It is found in abundance in tropical fats such as palm oil.
B. It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis.
Which of the following best describes the GRAS List? a. All additives on the list are permanently approved. b. It lists additives that can be used by manufacturers without further safety testing. c. It lists only natural and organic additives. d. all of the above
B. It lists additives that can be used by manufacturers without further safety testing.
Which of the following is a feature of an essential amino acid? It is not necessary in the diet It must be supplied by the diet It can be made from fat in the body It can be made from glucose in the body
B. It must be supplied by the diet
Breast milk as the sole source of nutrition, up to the first 6 months in healthy infants, is satisfactory for all nutrients except sodium. vitamin D. iron and folate. zinc and vitamin A.
B. vitamin D
What is the first organ to receive carbohydrates absorbed from the intestine? A. Heart B. Liver C. Pancreas D. Skeletal muscle
B. Liver
According to the USDA Food Patterns (MyPlate), all of the following foods counts as a source of empty calories EXCEPT: A. butter B. mayonnaise C. bacon D. soft drinks
B. Mayonnaise
Which of the following describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells? A. Digestion B. Metabolism C. Absorption D. Catabolism
B. Metabolism
According to the Lecture, Does Diet Matter?, you learned that the average American consumes ________ grain servings daily. A. very few B. more than the recommended number of C. almost no
B. More than the recommended number of
Besides the six classes of nutrients, foods also provide other non-nutrient compounds such as: (More than one answer may be correct!) A. fiber B. phytochemicals C. calories D. placebos
B. Phytochemicals AND A. Fiber? Calories are not a compound, they are a unit of energy.
What is the major cause of iron deficiency? Blood loss Poor nutrition Hereditary defect Parasitic infections of the GI tract
B. Poor nutrition
Which of these Dietary Recommended Intake values are especially useful to set goals for individuals? (More than one answer may be correct!) A. Estimated Average Requirements B. Recommended Dietary Allowances C. Adequate Intakes D. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels
B. RDA and C. AI
The "R" in RDA stands for— A. restricted. B. recommended. C. reasonable. D. required.
B. Recommended
Which of these types of Dietary Reference Intakes provides the most scientifically supported recommendation? That is, sufficient scientific evidence exists to set these recommendations? A. Estimated Average Requirements B. Recommended Dietary Allowances C. Adequate Intakes D. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels
B. Recommended Dietary Allowances
Which of the following is in a state of positive protein balance? a malnourished child a pregnant woman a person confined to bed an alcoholic
B. a pregnant woman
A person seeking good sources of vitamin A would select all of the following EXCEPT liver. bananas. apricots. sweet potatoes.
B. bananas
Which two foods of the following foods provide complementary proteins? potatoes and broccoli beans and rice pasta and tomato sauce bread and fruit
B. beans and rice
How are the ingredients listed on food labels? A. by calories, from the highest in calories to the lowest B. by weight, from the heaviest to the lightest C. by nutrient content, from the most nutritious to the least D. no requirement, in any order as determined by the manufacturer
B. by weight, from the heaviest to the lightest
After a meal, most of the fat that eventually empties into the blood is in the form of particles known as micelles. chylomicrons. low-density lipoproteins. very-low-density lipoproteins.
B. chylomicrons
Abnormally high blood glucose levels may be a symptom of ___________________. A. hypoglycemia. B. diabetes. C. lactose intolerance. D. the glycemic index.
B. diabetes
According to the information on proteins in the text, to gain muscle size and strength: A. consume protein powders in addition to a high-protein diet. B. eat food to get adequate energy and protein. C. in addition to a good training routine, add branched-chain amino acids supplements to the diet. D. all of the above
B. eat food to get adequate energy and protein.
What is a good food source of omega-3 fatty acids? olive oil fatty fish plant fats in general cheeses and butter
B. fatty fish
Which of the following is the most reliable source of vitamin D in the diet? Meat Fortified milk Fruits and vegetables Enriched breads and cereals
B. fortified milk I answered A on the quiz
Another name for the digestive tract is the A. urinary tract. B. gastrointestinal tract. C. endocrine system. D. integumentary system.
B. gastrointestinal tract.
Before carbohydrates can be used as energy, the body breaks them down to __________. A. maltose. B. glucose. C. glycogen. D. sucrose.
B. glucose
Which of the following may result from iodine deficiency? Gout Goiter Anemia Hypertension
B. goiter
Worldwide, __________ deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency. calcium iron zinc chromium
B. iron
During the first year of life, cow's milk is considered an inappropriate food due to all of the following except it is too low in iron. it is too low in sodium. it is too high in protein. it is too low in vitamin C.
B. it is too low in sodium
Jim is fasting for personal reasons. He plans to take in only water. A good estimate of how long his supply of glycogen will last is about _____________. A. 30 minutes B. less than 1 day C. at least 3 days D. about 1 week
B. less than 1 day
Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol? Chylomicron Low-density lipoprotein High-density lipoprotein Very-low-density lipoprotein
B. low-density lipoprotein
The absorptive surface of the small intestine is increased by the presence of A. sphincters. B. microvilli. C. a lymph vessel (lacteal). D. gastric pits.
B. microvilli
Recommended weight gain during pregnancy is based on the: mother's weight at the end of the first trimester. mother's prepregnancy body mass index. size of the fetus at 3 months' gestation. mother's age.
B. mother's prepregnancy BMI
During pregnancy what amount of alcohol consumption is considered safe? one drink a month none one drink a week one drink a day
B. none
A major feature of the Mediterranean diet is liberal intake of pasta. nuts, seeds and olive oil. chicken. fortified butter.
B. nuts, seeds, and olive oil
All of the following are known to enhance calcium absorption from the GI tract EXCEPT lactose. oxalates. pregnancy. stomach acid.
B. oxalates
Which of the following is the most likely to raise blood cholesterol levels? cholesterol saturated fat unsaturated fat protein
B. saturated fat
What organ is first to absorb alcohol after a person takes a drink? Colon Stomach Pancreas Liver
B. stomach
Fetal demand for iron is highest during the: entire gestational period. first trimester. third trimester. second trimester.
B. third trimester I answered A. incorrectly
What is the primary function of insulin? A. to raise blood glucose levels B. to lower blood glucose levels C. to improve digestion of fibers D. reduce the amount of glucose that is stored a fat
B. to lower blood glucose levels
Which of the following would you consume with a food source of iron in order to facilitate iron absorption? tea and a soy-protein hamburger tomato with tuna or chicken coffee and wheat bran muffins calcium supplement and whole-wheat bread
B. tomato with tuna or chicken
Which of the following describes fat utilization during physical activity? A.Fat that is stored closest to the exercising muscle is oxidized first. B.Fat represents the major fuel source during sustained, moderate activity. C.Fat oxidization makes more of a contribution as the intensity of the exercise increases. D.Fat is burned in higher quantities during short, high-intensity exercises than prolonged, low-intensity exercises.
B.Fat represents the major fuel source during sustained, moderate activity.
One cup of cooked pasta or rice is consider a ____ ounce serving of grains. A. 1/2 B. 1 C. 2
C. 2
What is recommended fat intake as a percentage of total calories? A. 5 to 10 B. 15 to 20 C. 20 to 35 D. 25 to 40
C. 20-35%
The percentages of the Daily Values on food packages are given in terms of a person requiring ______ calories each day. A. 1000 or 1200 B. 1600 or 1800 C. 2000 or 2500 D. 2500 or 3000
C. 2000 or 2500
How many grams are in one ounce? A. 10 B. 18 C. 28 D. 50
C. 28
According to the Dietary Guidelines, what should be the maximum total fat intake as a percentage of energy intake? A. 10 B. 20 C. 35 D. 50
C. 35
How many of the ten leading causes of death in the US have dietary risk factors? (That is, a person's diet choices are related to these causes of death.) A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 8
C. 4
At what age does the normal infant first develop the ability to swallow solid food? 3 to 5 weeks 12 to 15 weeks 4 to 6 months 9 to12 months
C. 4-6 months
Water makes up about _____% of an adult's body weight. 10 37 60 93
C. 60%
All of the following factors increase fluid needs EXCEPT: a. fiber intake b. increased protein intake c. a sedentary lifestyle d. hot weather and cold weather
C. A sedentary lifestyle
Calories are: A. used to create weight-loss diets B. one of the classes of nutrients C. a unit for measuring energy D. something to avoid eating
C. A unit for measuring energy
What fraction of the day's energy expenditure of the average person is represented by the basal metabolism? About 1/10 Up to 1/2 About 2/3 Over 9/10
C. About 2/3
What is a "limiting " amino acid in a protein? A. A nonessential amino acid present in high amounts which inhibits protein synthesis. B. An amino acid of the wrong structure to be utilized for protein synthesis efficiently. C. An essential amino acid present in insufficient quantity for body protein synthesis to take place. D. An amino acid that limits the absorption of other essential amino acids by competing with them for transport sites within the GI tract.
C. An essential amino acid present in insufficient quantity for body protein synthesis to take place.
Which of the following is used to supply most of the glucose needed by red blood cells and brain and nerve cells brain after the body has been fasting for a few days? Glycogen Body Fat Body Protein
C. Body protein I guessed Body fat on the quiz
Which of the following is NOT one of the classes of nutrients? A. vitamins B. proteins C. calories D. water
C. Calories
Which of the following is most likely to occur from a prolonged dietary deficiency of vitamin A? Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Xerophthalmia Prolonged blood-clotting time
C. xerophthalmia
Someone suffering from lactose intolerance has problems digesting ________________. A. red meat B. fruit C. cow's milk D. eggs and wheat
C. Cow's milk
What is the process by which heat or acidity disrupts the normal shape of a protein chain? Digestion Condensation Denaturation Hydrogenation
C. Denaturation
________ are protein molecules that accelerate the rate of chemical reactions. A. Hormones B. Mucus C. Enzymes D. Chyme
C. Enzymes
When energy-yielding nutrients are consumed in excess, which one(s) can lead to storage of fat? Fat only Carbohydrate only Fat and carbohydrate only Fat, carbohydrate, and protein
C. Fat, carbohydrate, and protein
When a marathon runner experiences the phenomenon known as "hitting the wall," what nutrient is most likely depleted? Water Protein Glucose Fatty acids
C. Glucose
Dietary sources of carbohydrate include all of the following EXCEPT A. starch. B. sucrose. C. glycogen. D. cellulose.
C. Glycogen
Which statement is true about vegetarian diets? A. All vegetarian diets are very low in fat. B. Each vegetarian meal must contain foods with complimentary proteins. C. Good plant substitutes for meat are legumes, whole grains, leafy greens and seeds. D. Cheese and meat are nutritionally interchangeable.
C. Good plant substitutes for meat are legumes, whole grains, leafy greens and seeds.
Which of the following types of studies will most likely provide results that can be the most useful to people? A. epidemiological B. animal or laboratory C. intervention
C. Intervention
Which of the following describes a fatty acid that has one double bond? Saturated Hydrogenated Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated
C. Monounsaturated
According to the USDA Food Patterns (MyPlate), which of the following may be counted as either a serving of Protein or Vegetable. A. almonds B. avocados C. pinto beans D. spinach
C. Pinto beans
Which of the following people would NOT be covered by the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)? A. Harry, a 35 year old healthy businessman B. Cindy, a 21 year old college athlete C. Robert, a 20 year old with broken leg. D. Joann, a 35 year old female vegetarian
C. Robert, a 20 year old with broken leg.
Which of the following people would NOT be covered by the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)? A. Harry, a 35 year old healthy businessman B. Cindy, a 21 year old college athlete C. Robert, a 20 year old with diabetes D. Joann, a 35 year old female vegetarian
C. Robert, a 20 year old with diabetes
At the end of a research study, Dr. Ubersmart writes her conclusions. You are in charge of reviewing her work for publication. Which conclusion is appropriate? A. Dietary intakes of fructose causes obesity. B. Fructose caused subjects to overconsume calories. C. Subjects with the highest fructose consumption also had the greatest weight gains. D. Fructose from any source is unhealthy.
C. Subjects with the highest fructose consumption also had the greatest weight gains.
At the end of a research study, Dr. Ubersmart writes her conclusions. You are in charge of reviewing her work for publication. Which conclusion is appropriate? A. Dietary intakes of fructose causes obesity. B. Fructose caused subjects to overconsume calories. C. Subjects with the highest fructose consumption also had the greatest weight gains. D. Fructose from any source is unhealthy.
C. Subjects with the highest fructose consumption also had the greatest weight gains.
Which of the following is true about the serving sizes used by the USDA Food Patterns (MyPlate)? A. They are equal to the typical portion consumed by an adult. B. They vary depending on age group. C. They are set for each food group and used as a method to count servings. D. They vary depending on the caloric content of a food.
C. They are set for each food group and used as a method to count servings.
In which form are most dietary lipids found? Sterols Glycerols Triglycerides Monoglycerides
C. Tryglycerides
The energy-yielding nutrients include all of the following EXCEPT A. carbohydrate. B. fat. C. vitamins. D. protein.
C. Vitamins
The energy-yielding nutrients include all of the following EXCEPT— A. carbohydrate. B. fat. C. vitamins. D. protein.
C. Vitamins
Which makes up the greatest percentage of the human body by weight? A. fat B. protein C. water D. minerals
C. Water
The pancreas plays a large role in digesting the food we eat. Which of the jobs below most closely matches the role of the pancreas in digestion? A. a carpenter who builds structures B. a traffic cop waving cars through an intersection C. a chemist who uses solutions to break down an object
C. a chemist who uses solutions to break down an object
Nutrient Density refers to A. how many nutrients a food provides B. how much a food weighs C. a comparison of nutrient content to calorie content D. how well the nutrients of the food are absorbed and utilized
C. a comparison of nutrient content to calorie content
What steps can healthy people take to prevent type II diabetes? A. eliminate sugar from the diet B. eat a high protein diet C. avoid gaining excess weight D. get plenty of insulin in the diet
C. avoid gaining excess weight
The risk for vitamin D deficiency increases with advancing age for all of the following reasons EXCEPT less exposure to sunlight. lower milk intake. decreased absorption of dietary vitamin D. reduced activation of vitamin D by the kidneys.
C. decreased absorption of dietary vitamin D. I first answered D. on the quiz
All carbohydrates which are digested are eventually converted into __________ (blood sugar). A. glycogen B. starch C. glucose D. insulin
C. glucose
What is the most likely reason for the development of a vitamin B12 deficiency? Inadequate intake Increased excretion Inadequate absorption Increased losses in food preparation
C. inadequate absorption
What mineral is added to table salt to help prevent goiter? iron chloride iodine fluoride
C. iodine
The DRI for ________ decreases with age. calcium vitamin C iron vitamin D
C. iron
A low-birthweight infant weighs: less than 6.0 pounds. less than 7.0 pounds. less than 5.5 pounds. less than 6.5 pounds.
C. less than 5.5 pounds
Which of the following organs makes almost all of the body's alcohol-processing machinery? stomach pancreas liver spleen
C. liver
Which of the following is considered one drink of alcohol? one glass of wine, about 6 to 8 oz a pint of beer, about 16 oz, American-style type one shot of whiskey, 1 ½ oz, 80 proof all of the above
C. one shot of whiskey, 1.5 oz, 80 proof
Which of the following is NOT a maternal benefit of breastfeeding? is less costly assists the uterus in returning to prepregnancy size shortens the intervals between pregnancies potential decreased risk of breast cancer
C. shortens the intervals between pregnancies I answered B incorrectly first try.
When stored at room temperature in loosely capped containers, which of the following dietary lipids would become rancid (that is, spoil) in the shortest time? HINT: The more unsaturated a fatty acid, the most vulnerable it is to oxygen which leads to spoilage. Lard Peanut oil Soybean oil Coconut oil
C. soybean oil
What chemical does the pancreas secrete when it detects high levels of blood glucose? A. the enzyme amylase B. the monosaccharide glucose C. the hormone insulin D. the polysaccharide glycogen
C. the hormone insulin
Which of the following helps to increase iron absorption from the diet? milk tea tomatoes whole grains
C. tomatoes
Older people suffer more from deficiencies of ________ than young people do. vitamin E and thiamin vitamin A and beta-carotene vitamin D and B12 vitamin C and niacin
C. vitamin D and B12
Which of the following are encouraged by the USDA Food Patterns (MyPlate)? A. consuming more fruits than vegetables B. using only cow's milk products as a calcium source C. whole grains D. daily intake of meat, poultry or fish
C. whole grains
Olives, canola oil, mayonnaise, soft margarine belong to which of the following? A. grain group B. dairy group C. protein group D. oils
D. Oils
Assuming a normal diet and moderate environment, the recommend fluid intake for a man is about ___ cups and for a woman is about ___ cups. 3; 2 6; 4 10; 8 13; 9
D. 13; 9
In the elderly a ________ deficiency can lead to a decreased sense of taste and smell. iron protein vitamin D zinc
D. zinc
What is colostrum? A clot in the bloodstream A major protein in breast milk A hormone that promotes milk production A milk-like substance secreted right after delivery
D. A milk-like substance secreted right after delivery
Which of the following ethnic groups has the lowest risk for osteoporosis? Asians Hispanics Caucasians Africans
D. Africans
When researching nutrition or health information on the internet, what clues let you know the source is reliable? A. it is a ".gov" or ".edu" site B. the information is updated often C. the site gives links to similar sites D. all of the above
D. All of the above
Why is it important to consume enough fat? It provides essential fatty acids like omega-3s. It carries fat-soluble vitamins like A and D. It's an energy source. all of the above
D. All of the above
Why are supplements of vitamin D and calcium recommend for elderly individuals? A. Elderly frequently use sun blockers which inhibits the synthesis of vitamin D. B. Absorption of calcium and vitamin D is reduced as we age. C. Elderly individuals may limit their dairy intake due to lactose intolerance. D. All of the above are reasons that the elderly need to increase their intake of vitamin D and calcium.
D. All of the above are reasons that the elderly need to increase their intake of vitamin D and calcium.
Hydrogenation results in which of the following? A.a more saturated fat B.a fat that will not spoil as quickly C.trans-fatty acid formation D.all of the above
D. All the above
Which of the following is NOT one of the leading causes of death that is related to nutrition? A. heart disease B. diabetes C. cancer D. alzheimer's disease
D. Alzheimer's disease
Which of the following does not represent a common environmental influence on eating behaviors? A. Eating while viewing television promotes overconsumption B. Socializing with strangers during a meal often leads to reduced food intake C. The mere sight of food can signal a person to commence eating, regardless of hunger D. Being in a pleasant atmosphere often lengthens the time of the meal but not the amount of food eaten
D. Being in a pleasant atmosphere often lengthens the time of the meal but not the amount of food eaten
Which of the following is a legume? A. almonds B. oats C. potatoes D. black beans
D. Black beans
When the body experiences stress, what hormone is released to quickly stimulate an increase in blood glucose levels? A. Insulin B. Secretin C. Glycogen D. Epinephrine
D. Epinephrine
Which of the following describes the concept of nutrient density in foods? A. high in calories, low in salt and other additives B. very heavy C. high in fiber and low in fat D. high in many nutrients compared to calories
D. High in many nutrients compared to calories
Which of the following functions as a "chemical messenger"? A. Mucus B. Enzymes C. Chyme D. Hormones
D. Hormones
The digestive tract begins at the _________ and ends at the _______. A. esophagus; small intestine B. mouth; pancreas C. esophageal sphincter; stomach D. mouth; anus
D. Mouth; anus
Characteristics of scientific research include— A. testimonials from people who found the experimental treatment beneficial. B. findings published in a newsletter, magazine or book. C. advertising the results on television. D. none of the above are characteristics of good science
D. None of the above.
You are planning to conduct a scientific experiment on different types of fats and weight gain. You want to make sure the design of your experiment is very good. Your design will include: A. a small sample size of no more than 10 subjects per group B. labels on the fat samples for all subjects C. ask each subject which group they wish to belong: butter, olive oil, "fake" fat D. none of the above
D. None of the above.
What is the first organ to respond to an increase in blood glucose concentration? A.Brain B.Liver C.Muscle D.Pancreas
D. Pancreas
Many factors contribute to deaths in the US. Number one is tobacco use. Guess what number two is? A. firearms B. motor vehicles C. microbes D. poor diet & inactivity
D. Poor diet and inactivity
The primary site of nutrient absorption in our bodies is the A. liver. B. large intestine. C. stomach. D. small intestine.
D. Small Intestine
Characteristics of hydrogenated oils include all of the following EXCEPT A. Calories from these oils can be stored in adipose tissue. B. They lower HDL and raise LDL cholesterol in the body. C. Some of their fatty acids change shape from cis to trans. D. These oils contain more calories per gram than other types of oils.
D. These oils contain more calories per gram than other types of oils.
One value of the DRIs is Adequate Intakes (AI). Which of the following is TRUE of the Adequate Intakes? A. They are identical to the RDAs but they cover less important nutrients. B. They are used only for food labels. C. They are used to determine nutrient needs of a group vs an individual. D. They are based on less scientific evidence than RDAs.
D. They are based on less scientific evidence than RDAs.
Which of the following can be used to gauge the amount of a person's abdominal fat? BMI Essential body fat Hydrodensitometry Waist circumference
D. Waist circumference
Which of the following is one explanation for the generally lower tolerance for alcohol in women in comparison to men? Women fast more often Women do not eat as much food with the alcohol Women consume more of their alcohol in sweetened drinks Women have lower amounts of stomach alcohol dehydrogenase
D. Women have lower amounts of stomach alcohol dehydrogenase
An easy and effective way to prevent foodborne illnesses is to: chill foods to prevent microbes from growing. cook foods to their proper temperature. wash hands before handling food. all of the above
D. all of the above
Cow's milk is considered an inappropriate for infants (0 to 12 months old) food due to which of the following reasons? it is too low in iron it is too low in vitamin C it is too high in protein all of the above
D. all of the above
In the USDA Food Patterns (MyPlate), one ounce of meat is equal to which of the following? A. 1 oz. cooked fish B. 1 egg C. 1/4 cup cooked black beans D. all of the above
D. all of the above
Reseach suggests that your risk of developing Type II Diabetes can be dramatically reduced by: A. consuming a diet high in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, fish and poultry. B. regular physical activity. C. a healthy body weight D. all of the above
D. all of the above
What is/are the role(s) of protein in the body? provides structure regulates body processes provides energy all of the above
D. all of the above
What plant food groups provide good amounts of protein? legumes grains nuts and seeds all of the above
D. all of the above
Which foods should not be given to an infant under 12 months of age? cow's milk honey foods with added salt or sugars all of the above
D. all of the above
Which of the following are advantages of breastmilk (vs. infant formula)? provides immunity factors contains more digestible proteins provides highly absorbable iron all of the above
D. all of the above
Which of the following are good food sources of calcium? broccoli legumes tofu all of the above
D. all of the above
Which of the following are high in sodium (over 500 mg)? soy sauce (one tablespoon, about 15 grams) a cup of tomato soup medium French Fry (about 4 oz) all of the above
D. all of the above
Which of the following can result from alcohol abuse? oral cancer liver disease nutritional deficiencies all of the above
D. all of the above
Which of the following foods provides good amounts of antioxidants? citrus fruits seeds dark green, leafy vegetables all of the above
D. all of the above
Which of the following is true about ketosis? The brain (and other nerve cells) cannot use fat as fuel. When the body is low in glucose, the body partially breaks down fats to create a glucose-substitute, ketone bodies. Ketosis is one way the body spares valuable protein tissues from being used as fuel. All of the Above.
D. all of the above
Blood calcium is critical for: transmission of nerve impulses. muscle contraction. maintenance of blood pressure. all of the above
D. all of the above.
Which of the following are recommended to help reduce hypertension (high blood pressure)? reduce sodium intake eat more fruits and vegetables consume low fat dairy foods all of the above
D. all of the above.
Sugars (simple carbohydrates) are found in which of the following? A. fruit juice B. milk and yogurt C. soda D. all of these
D. all of these
When the RDA Committee sets the RDA for a nutrient, it first learns the range of need for that nutrient for a large group of people which looks like the image below. Then the RDA is set where on this curve? A. at the grey bar, low on the curve B. at the red bar, in the middle of the curve (at the mean) C. at the purple bar, high on the curve, at about the 90% mark D. at the green bar, very high on the curve, at about the 97% mark
D. at the green bar, very high on the curve, at about the 97% mark
Which of the following lipids contain(s) saturated fatty acids? Butter only Soybean oil only Cottonseed oil only Butter, cottonseed oil, and soybean oil
D. butter, cottonseed oil, and soybean oil
The feeling of satiety from weight-loss diets is best achieved by diets rich in fat. saturated fats. simple carbohydrates like glucose. complex carbohydrates like fiber.
D. complex carbohydrates like fiber
All of the following are known to risk factors for osteoporosis EXCEPT small frame or being underweight. caucasian, asian or hispanic heritage. alcohol abuse. consuming dairy products.
D. consuming dairy products
The liver performs all of the following metabolic functions EXCEPT: A. converts excess glucose into fatty acids (building blocks for fats) B. creates and stores glycogen C. converts galactose and fructose into glucose D. converts fats into glucose
D. converts fats into glucose
A person who is starving is losing fat only. glycogen only. glycogen and fat only. glycogen, protein, and fat.
D. glycogen, protein, and fat.
The most common nutrient deficiency in young children is caused by inadequate ________ consumption. zinc folate calcium iron
D. iron
Which of the following lipids is an essential nutrient? Lecithin Cholesterol Stearic acid Linoleic acid
D. linoleic acid
In which phase of the life cycle is bone loss the greatest? puberty pregnancy lactation menopause
D. menopause
All of the following are an association between type 2 diabetes and body fat EXCEPT: a. people with the disease often have central obesity rather than lower-body obesity. b. a weight gain of 10 pounds after the age 18 doubles the risk of developing diabetes. c. an obese person is 3 times more likely to develop the disease than is a nonobese individual. d. overweight people with the disease who lose weight show no improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.
D. overweight people with the disease who lose weight show no improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. I answered b on the quiz
All of the following are behavior modifications for losing weight EXCEPT: A. shopping only when not hungry. B. eating only in one place and in one room. C. participating in activities such as television viewing only when not eating. D. taking smaller portions of food but always eating everything on the plate quickly.
D. taking smaller portions of food but always eating everything on the plate quickly.
All of the following are properties of electrolytes EXCEPT they attract water. they are charged particles. they carry electrical current. they include fat-soluble as well as water-soluble particles.
D. they include fat-soluble as well as water-soluble particles.
Which of the following does not represent a common environmental influence on eating behaviors? a. Eating while viewing television promotes overconsumption b. Socializing with strangers during a meal often leads to reduced food intake c. The mere sight of food can signal a person to commence eating, regardless of hunger d. Being in a pleasant atmosphere often lengthens the time of the meal but not the amount of food eaten
D.Being in a pleasant atmosphere often lengthens the time of the meal but not the amount of food eaten
Foods provide us with the ingredients necessary to make: A. skin B. bones C. blood cells D. energy E. all of the above
E. All of the above
Minerals are the simplest of all the nutrients: each is made up of only a single chemical element like iron. On the other hand, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates are more complex: they are made up of ____________________. A. carbon B. hydrogen C. oxygen D. nitrogen E. all of the above
E. All of the above.
Which of the following are chemicals? A. iron B. water C. protein D. carbohydrate E. all of the above
E. All of the above. Answered A. in quiz
Women cannot handle as much alcohol as men because-- A. women absorb alcohol through the stomach lining much faster than men. B. women typically have less muscle (lean tissue) which helps to dilute alcohol. C. women have less of an enzyme that breaks down alcohol. D. women's brains are more senstive to alcohol. E. all of the above F. B and C
F. B and C B. women typically have less muscle (lean tissue) which helps to dilute alcohol. C. women have less of an enzyme that breaks down alcohol.
What is the typical protein intake for adults living in the U.S.? a. 100% of the RDA for protein b. Between 30-60 grams/day c. Two to three times the RDA for protein d. 5 to 8 ounces
I answered b. on the quiz DRI for 2000 calorie diet is 50-175 grams; average U.S. intake is 78 grams -therefore, not a. or c. so d.
Match the vegetable on the left with the Vegetable Subgroup name on the right. spinach kidney beans green peas cucumber tomato
Spinach = Dark Green Kidney beans = Legumes Green peas = Starchy Cucumber = Other Tomato = Red and Orange
A person who exhibits a physiological need to eat is most likely experiencing the sensation of hunger. appetite. stress eating. neuropeptide Y suppression.
a. hunger
Which of the following is a feature of the body's response to engaging in physical activity? a. After an intense and vigorous workout, metabolism remains elevated for several hours b. Lower body fat is more readily lost from vigorous exercises that work primarily the hip and leg muscles c. Blood glucose and fatty acid levels are low immediately after working out, but thereafter recover on their own d. After an intense workout, most people immediately feel the urge to eat a large carbohydrate meal to replace glycogen stores
a. After an intense and vigorous workout, metabolism remains elevated for several hours
Which of the following is related to the quality of a food protein? a. Essential amino acid balance b. Nonessential amino acid balance c. Total amino acids per gram of food d. Quantity of nonessential amino acids that can be converted to glucose
a. Essential amino acid balance
Which of the following is true "spot reducing" exercise? a. No exercise can target fat removal from any specific area of the body b. Upper body fat is mostly unaffected by exercising lower body muscles c. Lower body fat in women is depleted at a faster rate than abdominal fat d. Abdominal fat in men is released more readily with anaerobic exercise
a. No exercise can target fat removal from any specific area of the body
The increase in the concentration of contaminants in the tissues of animals high on the food chain is termed bioaccumulation. hyperconcentration. evolutionary containment. functional accumulation.
a. bioaccumulation
An index of a person's weight in relation to height is called body mass index. height to weight index. ideal body weight index. desirable body weight index.
a. body mass index
Chronic hunger causes many deaths worldwide, especially among: children newborns women elderly adults
a. children
What is the fate of ingested enzyme supplements? Digested by gastrointestinal proteases Rapidly degraded by salivary secretions Mostly absorbed in original form from stomach Completely absorbed in original form from jejunum
a. digested by gastrointestinal proteases
All of the following are associations between the environment and food intake EXCEPT: a. distractions generally appear to reduce food intake. b. the greater the number of foods at a meal, the more likely people will overeat. c. the mere sight or smell of food prompts people to commence eating even if they are not hungry. d. small portions of food on large plates lead people to underestimate the amount of food eaten.
a. distractions generally appear to reduce food intake.
Which of the following food proteins has the best assortment of essential amino acids for the human body? Egg Rice Corn Gelatin
a. egg I answered c. on the quiz
Which of the following is a high-quality protein? eggs whole grain bread walnuts black beans
a. eggs
Of amino acids are used for energy, what does the body do with the amino group (the nitrogen containing part)? Excreted as urea Burned for energy Stored in the liver Converted to glucose
a. excreted as urea
Which of the following does not decrease the metabolic rate? Fever Fasting Sleeping Malnutrition
a. fever
The appearance of vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms may be delayed due to high intake of supplements of folate. niacin. vitamin C. vitamin B6.
a. folate
Several hours after eating a chilled three-bean salad containing home-canned green beans, family members have difficulty breathing and swallowing, double vision, and muscle weakness. What should they do? go to the hospital immediately because they may have botulism drink plenty of fluids to dilute the foodborne toxins eat bread or rice to absorb any possible bacteria or toxin consumed induce vomiting
a. go to the hospital immediately because they may have botulism
Which of the following is a feature of the body mass index (BMI)? It correlates with disease risks It decreases by 1 unit for every 10 years of life It provides an estimate of the fat level of the body It is defined as the person's height divided by the square of the weight
a. it correlates with disease risks
To avoid cross-contamination of foods: a. it is good practice to keep a separate cutting board just for raw meats b. avoid placing a raw slice of tomato on a cooked hamburger patty. c. do not place containers of cooked foods to chill next to each other on the same shelf. d. do not thaw raw meats in the refrigerator.
a. it is good practice to keep a separate cutting board just for raw meats
What is the main function(s) of vitamin D? maintain blood calcium levels promotes synthesis of cholesterol controls absorption of fat soluble vitamins as a natural sun screen
a. maintain blood calcium levels
A low-protein diet in which corn is a principal food has been found to cause a deficiency of what vitamin? Niacin Folate Vitamin C Vitamin B12
a. niacin
Which of the following causes cancer in animals? nitrites sulfites BHA MSG
a. nitrites
What food makes a significant contribution to vitamin C intakes in the U.S. population despite the modest vitamin C concentration? Potatoes Organ meats Breaded fish Whole-grain cereals
a. potatoes
Protein-hydrolyzing enzymes are commonly known as proteases. hydrolyzers. prodigestins. denaturases.
a. proteases
The feeling of satisfaction resulting from consumption of a meal is termed satiety. appetite. postabsorptive hunger. resting postabsorptive increment.
a. satiety
Which of the following is the primary factor that differentiates one amino from another? side group central carbon atom number of oxygen atoms number of nitrogen atoms
a. side group
In what organ is pepsin active? Stomach Pancreas Small intestine Large intestine
a. stomach
Fro the lecture you learned that all of the following describe fat cell behavior EXCEPT: a. the number decreases when fat is lost from the body. b. the size is larger in obese people than in normal-weight people. c. the storage capacity for fat depends on both cell number and cell size. d. the number increases several-fold during the growth years and tapers off when adult status is reached.
a. the number decreases when fat is lost from the body.
General characteristics of the water-soluble vitamins include all of the following EXCEPT they must be consumed daily. toxic levels in the body are rarely found. they are absorbed directly into the blood. excesses are eliminated from the kidneys.
a. they must be consumed daily
Which of the following is correct concerning fruits that have been irradiated? They ripen and decay more slowly. They lose substantial nutrients. They lose some of their sweetness. They become radioactive.
a. they ripen and decay more slowly.
Which of the following is true of vitamin E in foods? a. Vitamin E is fairly stable to heat b. Most convenience foods are poor sources of vitamin E c. Saturated fats like cheese and hamburger are the d. major dietary sources of vitamin E very few foods are good sources of vitamin E
b. Most convenience foods are poor sources of vitamin E
What is the safe refrigerator storage time for uncooked steaks, cooked chicken, opened packages of lunch meats, and tuna salad? 1 to 2 days 3 to 5 days 1 week 2 to 4 weeks
b. 3-5 days
John is looking to increase his dietary sources of vitamin C. However, he expresses a strong dislike for all citrus fruits. Which of the following shopping lists would you recommend? Liver, yogurt, milk Brussels sprouts, broccoli, strawberries Banana, peanut butter, canned tuna fish Whole grains, pork, fortified corn flakes
b. Brussels sprouts, broccoli, strawberries
Which of the following describes an association between protein intake and kidney function? a. Low-protein diets increase the risk for kidney stone formation b. Restricting protein intake may slow the progression of kidney disease c. High protein intakes over the long term represent a risk factor for kidney disease d. Liberal protein intakes result in high urea production, which increases the long-term efficiency of the kidneys
b. Restricting protein intake may slow the progression of kidney disease I answered c. on the quiz
What is meant by carrying capacity of the earth? a. The number of tons of edible food that can be produced by all of the earth's cultivable land. b. The maximum number of living organisms that can be sustainably supported in an environment. c. The amount of oxygen consumed by all living organisms in relation to the amount of oxygen produced by all living plants. d. The total weight of all living organisms in relation to the weight of all non-living material including the earth's water mass.
b. The maximum number of living organisms that can be sustainably supported in an environment.
Monosodium glutamate, high fructose corn syrup, and calcium added to orange juice are all examples of: genetically modified organisms. additives. pesticides. preservatives.
b. additives
The building blocks of proteins are called _________. peptides amino acids nitrogen groups essential acids
b. amino acids
On a food label, the word "organic" means which of the following? 100% of the ingredients are organic at least 95% of the ingredients are organic some of the ingredients are organic there is no legal definition for the use of this word on food labels
b. at least 95% of the ingredients are organic
Which of the following methods of thawing meat or poultry increases the risk of foodborne illness? In the refrigerator At room temperature In a microwave oven Under cool running water
b. at room temperature
Which of the following is a benefit of irradiating food? higher B-vitamin content destruction of bacteria sterilization of food improved taste and texture
b. destruction of bacteria
Which two B vitamins work together to make red blood cells and a lack of which will result in similar types of anemia? thiamin and niacin folate and B12 biotin and B12 B6 and biotin
b. folate and B12
Which of the following causes the loss of a third of food produced worldwide? agricultural runoff food waste global warming local warfare
b. food waste
Which of the following is most susceptible to bacterial contamination? chops and steak hambuger (ground meat) pre-cut chicken all of the above
b. hamburger
Which of the following diets is most likely to lead to beriberi? Low intakes of whole grains High intakes of refined or polished rice Low intakes of antioxidants High intakes of enriched grains
b. high intakes of refined or polished rice
An important aid in any weight-loss diet program is to a. decrease water intake. b. increase physical activity. c. speed up thyroid activity with metabolic enhancers. d. develop ketosis by keeping carbohydrate intake as low as possible.
b. increase physical activity.
________ is a process that uses gamma rays to destroy harmful bacteria in meat and poultry. Genetic modification Irradiation Aseptic packaging Pasteurization
b. irradiation
Of the following foods, which would be the only source of vitamin B12? Pecans Milk Cauliflower Whole-grain bread
b. milk
Which of the following additives gives ham, hot dogs, and bologna their pink color? salts nitrites sulfites all of the above
b. nitrites
Carrots, spinach and apricots all contain the __________ form of a vitamin A. retinol provitamin or carotene intrinsic organic
b. provitamin or carotene
Which of the following defines central obesity? a. accumulation of fat during the mid-years of life b. storage of excess fat around the trunk of the body c. overfatness due to a large number of interacting behavioral problems d. overfatness due to reliance on high-fat foods as a central part of the diet
b. storage of excess fat around the trunk of the body
What is meant by the bioavailability of a vitamin in food? The total amount available from a food. The amount absorbed and subsequently used by the body. The amount that remains after a food is processed The different chemical forms of the same vitamin.
b. the amount absorbed and subsequently used by the body.
Beriberi results from a deficiency of vitamin A. thiamin. vitamin C. vitamin B12.
b. thiamin
In order to gain muscle size and strength, it is necessary to a. increase protein intake well above the RDA. b. train intensely with adequate rest periods in between. c. train every day at the highest intensity possible. d. all of the above.
b. train intensely with adequate rest periods in between.
The bacteria which cause foodborne illness thrive under which conditions? high heat and light warm, moist and nutrient-rich in sugary or salty solutions dry plus cool temperatures
b. warm, moist, and nutrient-rich
Which of the following would be most effective at lowering energy intake in a person on a weight reduction program? a.Decrease portion size b.Select less energy-dense foods c.Restrict fiber intake as a means to reduce excess water retention d.Consume a small high-fat snack before each meal to reduce appetite
b.Select less energy-dense foods
Which of the following statements is most often true regarding protein? "Protein builds muscle bulk and strength." "Protein supplements provide an important energy boost." "Few people in the U.S. suffer from protein deficiency." All of the above.
c. "Few people in the U.S. suffer from protein deficiency."
What is the minimum recommended safe temperature (°F) to heat leftovers? 140 152 165 180
c. 165 degrees I answered A.
Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins? 5 10 20 35
c. 20
Which of the following is characteristic of the eating pattern of people with bulimia nervosa? Binge eating usually occurs during the daytime Binge eating is frequently done at restaurant buffets Binge eating typically occurs after a period of strict dieting A binge eating episode is usually completed within 20 minutes
c. Binge eating typically occurs after a period of strict dieting
Which of the following is characteristic of the eating pattern of people with bulimia nervosa? a. Binge eating usually occurs during the daytime b. Binge eating is frequently done at restaurant buffets c. Binge eating typically occurs after a period of strict dieting d. A binge eating episode is usually completed within 20 minutes
c. Binge eating typically occurs after a period of strict dieting
What is the rationale for the fat cell theory of obesity? a. Fat cell number increases dramatically after puberty b. Fat cell number in an adult can decrease only by fasting c. Fat cell number increases most readily in late childhood and early puberty d. Weight gain from overeating in adults takes place primarily by increasing the number of fat cells
c. Fat cell number increases most readily in late childhood and early puberty I answered d. on the quiz
Which of the following is true about protein supplements? a. Some are successfully used to treat depression. b. Protein supplements are well-tested and considered effective. c. No well-controlled studies on protein supplements exists. d. Supplements are as digestible as food sources of protein.
c. No well-controlled studies on protein supplements exists.
After consuming a very large meal, the desire to eat a slice of chocolate cake is an example of behavior known as satiety. hunger. appetite. pigging out.
c. appetite
What is the most common eating disorder in both males and females? Bulimia nervosa Anorexia nervosa Binge-eating disorder Athlete triad
c. binge-eating disorder I answered b. anorexia nervosa
The components of fitness include all of the following EXCEPT: strength. flexibility. bone fragility. cardiovascular endurance.
c. bone fragility
Which of the following is not considered to be a source of high-quality protein in human nutrition? Soy Egg Corn Fish
c. corn
Diet recommendations for people with bulimia nervosa include all of the following EXCEPT: avoid skipping meals. include fiber-rich foods. eat cold foods to stimulate satiety. avoid "finger" foods to minimize overeating.
c. eat cold foods to stimulate satiety
Which of the following CANNOT be used to make body proteins? Glucose Glycerol Fatty acids Amino acids
c. fatty acids
The nutrient content of frozen foods is similar to that of: dried foods. canned foods. fresh foods. A and B
c. fresh foods
Excessive amounts of homocysteine in the blood are thought to increase the risk for cancer. diabetes. heart disease. protein-energy malnutrition.
c. heart disease
From the reading in the text, you learned about global trends that may threaten our food supply, which include all of the following EXCEPT continued population growth fresh water shortage increased animal protein demand loss of farm land (topsoil)
c. increased animal protein demand
Which of the following is required for the absorption of dietary vitamin B12? Bile Lipase Intrinsic factor Carboxypeptidase
c. intrinsic factor
Television watching contributes to obesity for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: it promotes inactivity. it promotes between-meal snacking. it replaces time that could be spent eating. it gives high exposure to energy-dense foods featured in the commercial advertisements.
c. it replaces time that could be spent eating.
What type of diet is associated with the development of ketosis? Low fat Low protein Low carbohydrate High carbohydrate
c. low carbohydrate
The first detectable sign of vitamin A deficiency is usually xerosis. xerophthalmia. night blindness. corneal keratinization.
c. night blindness
What atom is found in all amino acids but not in carbohydrates or fats? carbon hydrogen nitrogen oxygen
c. nitrogen
What would be the usual state of nitrogen balance for healthy infants, children, and pregnant women? Equilibrium Metabolic Positive Negative
c. positive
Milk and milk products provide liberal amounts of which of the following vitamins? Folate Biotin Riboflavin Pantothenic acid
c. riboflavin
What is/are the most common preservative(s) used in our food? MSG nitrates and sulfites salt and sugar vitamins E and C
c. salt and sugar
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the fat-soluble vitamins? a. bile b. found in the fat and oily parts of foods c. stored permanently in the blood d. pose a greater risk for developing a toxicity than water-soluble vitamins
c. stored permanently in the blood
In which of the following individuals would vitamin A toxicity be most likely to occur? Adolescent women Overweight adults Those taking vitamin A supplements Those consuming more than 100 g of carrots daily
c. those taking vitamin A supplements
Which of the following are major sources of vitamin E in the diet? Meats Citrus fruits Vegetable oils Milk and dairy products
c. vegetable oils
A child with bowed legs is likely deficient in vitamin A. K. E. D.
d. D
Which of the following statements about the "Core Four" practices for sanitation is accurate? a. In addition to soap, you need to use an alcohol-based sanitizer to clean your hands. b. Sponges should not be used to wipe surfaces because they cannot be sanitized. c. Raw ground beef can be safely kept in the refrigerator at 40F for a week. d. Foods should be kept out of the food danger zone of 40-140F
d. Foods should be kept out of the food danger zone of 40-140F
What is a beneficial reason for purchasing organic fresh fruits and vegetables rather than conventionally grown foods? a. They are always fresher than conventional foods. b. They are completely free of pesticides c. They have a higher nutrient content than conventional foods. d. Growing methods used don't harm the environment.
d. Growing methods used don't harm the environment. I answered B.
What is the intrinsic factor? a. the compound needed to help absorb all vitamins b. a factor which causes malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins c. an internal process which metabolizes cholesterol into vitamin D d. a compound that helps in the absorption of B12
d. a compound that helps in the absorption of B12
What is a free radical? An inactive vitamin An unphosphorylated vitamin A molecule of unbound cobalamins A molecule with at least one unpaired electron
d. a molecule with at least one upaired electron
What is a disadvantage of using vitamin supplements? a. potential toxicity b. reduced bioavailability c. lack of intake of other benefits (fiber, antioxidants for example) d. all of the above
d. all of the above
Where might you find proteins in the body? as enzymes as hormones as antibodies all of the above
d. all of the above
Which of the following are fat-soluble? vitamin D vitamin A vitamin E all of the above
d. all of the above
Which of the following food may carry food poisoning? fresh melons eggs hamburger all of the above
d. all of the above
Which of the following will help to reduce your intake of pesticide residues? wash fresh produce avoid consuming animal fats eat a variety of foods all of the above
d. all of the above
You can take to prevent foodborne illess by: cooking foods thoroughly refrigerate cooked foods promptly use hot water (140 degrees) to clean equipment all of the above
d. all of the above
What eventually happens to amino acids that are not used to build proteins? converted to glucose burned as fuel stored as fat all of the above are possible
d. all of the above are possible
Food insecurity is very common in the US. Millions of households experience food insecurity when: a. someone in the household goes to bed hungry. b. a family needs to live on cheap calories which are low in nutrient density. c. the person in charge of food purchases worries she/he will not be able to stretch the grocery budget far enough. d. all of the above
d. all of the above.
The Poverty - Obesity Paradox (or the fact that a lack of resources and obesity are often experienced together) may be due to which of the following? a. many cheaper foods taste good, are widely available and are lower in nutrient density b. the existence of "food deserts" in low-income communities c. food insecurity can lead to overeating when food is available d. all of the above
d. all of the above.
Which of the following factors has the most influence on the body's metabolic rate? Age Gender Amount of fat tissue Amount of lean body tissue
d. amount of lean body tissue
Which of the following food substances can be converted to vitamin A in the body? Tryptophan Chlorophyll Xanthophyll Beta-carotene
d. beta-carotene
Which of the following dietary nutrients would most rapidly reverse a state of ketosis? Fat Protein Amino acids Carbohydrate
d. carbohydrate
The effect of regular exercise on heart and lung function is known as muscle fitness. muscle endurance. cardiopulmonary adaptation. cardiorespiratory conditioning.
d. cardiorespiratory training
Which of the following is NOT one of the common signs of pellagra? Diarrhea Dementia Dermatitis Dehydration
d. dehydration
The most common symptoms of foodborne illness include all of the following EXCEPT fever. cramps. diarrhea. double vision.
d. double vision
All of the following are features of the effect of food accessibility on food intake EXCEPT: a. keeping food out of sight is an effective way to eat less. b. people underestimate the amount of a snack eaten when it is a short distance away. c. people eat more of a snack when it is on their desk than when situated only 6 feet away. d. people at home would rather travel to the store to obtain new food than eat the leftovers.
d. people at home would rather travel to the store to obtain new food than eat the leftovers.
Which of the following does the body use to synthesize vitamin D? Vitamin C Carotene Tryptophan Sunlight
d. sunlight
Which of the following is a result of common U.S. agriculture practices? They promote protection of soil and water. They frequently lead to higher crop prices. They are designed to benefit mostly small family farms. They tend to support the use of pesticides and fertilizers.
d. they tend to support the use of pesticides and fertilizers
Losses of which of the following vitamins are least likely during the canning process? riboflavin thiamin vitamin C vitamin A
d. vitamin A (fat soluble)
Worldwide, the nutrients most common micronutrient deficiencies include all of the following EXCEPT iron iodine vitamin A vitamin D
d. vitamin D
What nutrients in foods are most vulnerable to losses during food handling and preparation? Trace minerals Fat-soluble vitamins Proteins Water-soluble vitamins
d. water-soluble vitamins I answered A. initially
Which of the following defines the body's set point? a.Minimum weight of a person b.Maximum weight of a person c.Point at which a person's weight plateaus before dropping again quickly d.Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight
d.Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight