American History II Final
Approximately how many Jews were killed in the Holocaust? -6,000 -60,000 -600,000 -6 million -60 million
-6 million
Which of the following was not a result of the labor strikes of 1945-1946? -A presidential order for the army to seize mines where the miners went on strike. -A presidential threat to draft workers who struck vital industries. -A growing public support for unions. -A paralyzed economy. -A split between the president and the nation's union leaders.
-A growing public support for unions.
Which of the following developments occurred after the end of the Cold War? -A totalitarian ideology collapsed in a major region of the world. -Disputes in places like Nicaragua were settled. -The stature of the United States was enhanced. -There was a heightened concern about the control of nuclear weapons. -All of these choices
-All of these choices
How high did the Dow Jones Industrial Average reach by 2001? -Almost 2,500 -Almost 6,000 -Almost 8,500 -Almost 10,000 -Almost 12,000
-Almost 12,000
Which of the following statements about American women in the 1950s is correct? -Women generally married later and had fewer children than they had in the 1930s and 1940s. -Almost two-thirds of women college students dropped out before graduating. -The proportion of married women who were employed declined. -A greater proportion of women became involved in the feminist movement than ever before. -Women were urged to study science and math to help America compete with the Soviet Union.
-Almost two-thirds of women college students dropped out before graduating.
The Clarence Thomas hearings were controversial because -Many Southern representatives could not stomach another black Supreme Court justice. -Thomas's openness about being gay belied the "Don't ask, don't tell" policy." -Anita Hill accused Thomas of sexual harassment. -Republican senators refused to support any judicial nominee who supported abortion. -Thomas had admitted to being part of the Ku Klux Klan when he was younger.
-Anita Hill accused Thomas of sexual harassment.
How many American men and women ultimately served in the armed forces? -Approximately 1 million -Approximately 5 million -Approximately 10 million -Approximately 15 million -Approximately 25 million
-Approximately 15 million
Which 1942 battle was a decisive victory for the United States in the Pacific theatre of World War II? -Battle of Tarawa -Battle of Midway -Battle of the Philippines -Battle of New Guinea -Battle of Iwo Jima
-Battle of Midway
Which of the following stimuli to consumerism was introduced in the 1950s? -Credit cards -Installment buying -Celebrities' advertising products -Mail-order catalogs -Discount buyers' clubs
-Credit cards
Where did the most serious conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Kennedy administration occur? -Berlin. -Cuba. -Vietnam. -Hungary. -Turkey.
-Cuba.
What agreement attempted to bring peace to Bosnia? -Camp David Accords -Dayton Accords -Oslo Accords -Geneva Accords -Frankfurt Accords
-Dayton Accords
Whose music revolutionized the music industry in the late 1950s and early 1960s? -Glenn Miller. -Elvis Presley. -The Beatles. -George Gershwin. -AC/DC.
-Elvis Presley.
Why was Inchon significant to the Korean War? -The North Koreans opened the war by seizing Inchon. -General Douglas MacArthur launched a daring amphibious assault at Inchon that forced North Korea's forces to retreat. -The United States detonated a nuclear bomb over Inchon to show the North Koreans how powerful the United States was. -Inchon housed a prison that became notorious for American prisoner of war abuse. -South Korea based its capitol at Inchon after the North Koreans captured Seoul
-General Douglas MacArthur launched a daring amphibious assault at Inchon that forced North Korea's forces to retreat.
Who won the electoral vote in the 2000 presidential election? -Al Gore -John McCain -George W. Bush -Ralph Nader -Pat Buchanan
-George W. Bush
Which of the following did the "new conservatives" not advocate? -Victory over communism instead of containment. -A return to older moral standards. -Gun control. -Extending social security benefits. -The impeachment of Supreme Court Justice Earl Warren.
-Gun control.
Monica Lewinsky -Claimed that Paula Jones had an affair with the president. -Had an affair with President Clinton that led to his impeachment. -Was the first woman astronaut. -Was a blind Miss America winner who led a campaign for the better treatment of the handicapped -Authored the Harry Potter series, one of the highest grossing book series in history.
-Had an affair with President Clinton that led to his impeachment.
What did Secretary of State John Foster Dulles believe? -He believed the United States had to open negotiations with the Soviet Union to reduce tensions. -He believed the United States needed to offer the Soviet Union concessions in order to improve diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. -He believed the United States should pursue a strong anti-communist foreign policy. -He believed the United States should unilaterally offer to eliminate its nuclear weapons. -He believed the United States had to accelerate defense spending and to challenge the Soviet Union throughout the world.
-He believed the United States should pursue a strong anti-communist foreign policy.
How did President Eisenhower respond to the aggression of England, France, and Israel against Egypt in 1956? -He commended their action and offering military assistance. -He threatened nuclear war if they did not withdraw from Egypt. -He condemned the attacks forced them to withdraw their troops. -He sent American ground troops to defend the Egyptian capital. -He offered military assistance to Nasser.
-He condemned the attacks forced them to withdraw their troops.
How did Truman's presidency end? -Congress impeached him for his mishandling of General Douglas MacArthur. -He resigned after his affair with his secretary became public. -Dwight Eisenhower defeated him in the 1952 presidential election. -The Democratic Party refused to renominate him. -He decided not to run for re-election in 1952.
-He decided not to run for re-election in 1952.
Which of the following statements about Ronald Reagan is not true? -He had been a paid spokesman for a major American corporation. -He had been a sports announcer in Des Moines. -He had been an enthusiastic conservative Republican since the 1930s. -As governor of California, he popularized conservative ideas. -He gained political experience as president of the Screen Writers' Guild.
-He had been an enthusiastic conservative Republican since the 1930s.
Which of the following factors was not a reason why President Harry Truman decided to use the atomic bomb in 1945? -He was concerned about the high potential casualty figures from an American invasion of the Japanese home islands. -He wanted to prove to the world that the United States hated the Japanese and wanted them to suffer because of their attack on Pearl Harbor. -The Japanese had suffered terrible destruction from American bombing attacks but were still not willing to surrender. -Japanese soldiers and sailors almost always refused to surrender even when it was clear that their cause was lost -He hoped to intimidate the Soviet Union.
-He wanted to prove to the world that the United States hated the Japanese and wanted them to suffer because of their attack on Pearl Harbor.
Why did President Harry Truman develop the Truman Doctrine in 1947? -He wanted to give European countries economic assistance. -He wanted to rebuild the militaries of Great Britain and France in order to resist communism. -He wanted to provide military and economic aid for Turkey and Greece to resist the spread of communism. -He wanted to offer the Soviet Union an opportunity for reconciliation. -He wanted to place atomic weapons under international control.
-He wanted to provide military and economic aid for Turkey and Greece to resist the spread of communism.
Which of the following was one of President Carter's high priorities in international affairs? -Reasserting American rights in the Panama Canal Zone -Increasing attention to human-rights violations -Isolating China from other nations -Ensuring open markets and free trade around the globe -None of these choices
-Increasing attention to human-rights violations
What was the result of President Nixon's policy of increased heavy bombing of North Vietnam in December 1972? -It caused the People's Republic of China to send a large army to North Vietnam to fight the United States. -It destroyed all chance of a negotiated peace because Le Duc Tho walked out of the Paris peace talks in protest. -It caused the North Vietnamese to release their supplies of nerve gas and anthrax. -It broke the deadlock in the peace talks and got the North Vietnamese to agree to terms. -It brought Nixon close to defeat in his bid for reelection in 1972.
-It broke the deadlock in the peace talks and got the North Vietnamese to agree to terms.
Which of the following actions did the United States not take in preparing for war between September 1, 1939 and December 1, 1941? -It cut off diplomatic relations with Germany and Japan. -It instituted the "Cash-and-Carry" program. -It created the Lend-Lease program to provide supplies and equipment to the allied countries. -It instituted the first peacetime draft in American history. -It dramatically increased its military defense budget.
-It cut off diplomatic relations with Germany and Japan.
Why was the United States called the "Arsenal of Democracy"? -It produced 300,000 airplanes, 2.6 million machine guns, 6 million tons of bombs, and numerous other war materials. -It symbolized how democratic nations should fight a war -It manufactured 1,000 ships, 500,000 rifles, and 10,000 airplanes during the war. -It provided all the war materials that the allies needed. -It supplied the allies with all necessary natural resources.
-It produced 300,000 airplanes, 2.6 million machine guns, 6 million tons of bombs, and numerous other war materials.
Which of the following statements about the Strategic Defense Initiative is true? -It was proposed by the growing peace and antinuclear movement as an alternative to tactical nuclear weapons. -It seemed to be the best solution to the nuclear-arms race, because of its modest cost and technological simplicity. -It was the first program eliminated in the great wave of Reagan defense cuts. -It substituted cheap chemical and biological weapons for expensive nuclear devices. -It proposed a system of space-based lasers and other high-tech defenses against nuclear missiles.
-It proposed a system of space-based lasers and other high-tech defenses against nuclear missiles.
Why was Apollo 11 significant to Americans at the time? -It provided hope to Americans in difficult times. -It showed the dangers of space flight. -It pointed to the close relationship between civilian and military space flights. -It captured the futility of the space race. -It marked the first successful launch of the space shuttle.
-It provided hope to Americans in difficult times.
What did television in the 1950s do? -It helped to demolish old gender and racial stereotypes. -It exposed American viewers to the harsh realities of the "other America." -It reinforced consumerism and conformity. -It decreased the cost of political campaigning while increasing the content level of political discussion. -It was still too primitive to have much impact on American politics.
-It reinforced consumerism and conformity.
How did the "Cash and Carry" Policy work? -It prohibited Americans during the Great Depression from buying on credit. -It required nations at war in 1939 and 1940 to pay for U.S. goods in cash and to carry them in their own ships. -It forced the American government to pay cash for all purchases and to carry them in its own ships. -It eliminated capitalism by destroying the credit system. -It insisted that nations wanting to trade with the United States would have to buy the goods on credit.
-It required nations at war in 1939 and 1940 to pay for U.S. goods in cash and to carry them in their own ships.
What did the Bretton Woods Agreement do? -It established international oil policy for the major powers of Europe. -It valued other currencies in relation to the American dollar. -It was an agreement between the United States and Great Britain over the protection of British colonies in Asia. -It proposed a system of financial assistance for the beleaguered economies of Western Europe. -It outlined the structure of the new United Nations organization.
-It valued other currencies in relation to the American dollar.
Which of the following people was convicted and executed for conspiring to commit espionage? -Alger Hiss -"Red Dean" Acheson -Whittaker Chambers -Julius Rosenberg -Ayn Rand
-Julius Rosenberg
What did the results of the 1960 presidential election reveal? -A widespread desire all around the country for change. -The growing influence of "yellow journalism." -Lingering fears about a Catholic president. -A middle-class white backlash. -The enduring popularity of Harry Truman.
-Lingering fears about a Catholic president.
Who was the first woman secretary of state? -Hillary Clinton -Geraldine Ferraro -Madeleine Albright -Condoleezza Rice -Anne Richardson
-Madeleine Albright
Japan demonstrated its expansionist policies in 1931-1932 by invading -The Philippines. -Pearl Harbor. -Mongolia. -Manchuria. -Korea
-Manchuria.
Which of the following best describes American youth of the 1960s? -Most followed conventional paths and sought a secure place in the system. -They were radicals who were deeply involved in political action and espoused cultural and political revolution. -They generally preferred drugs to beer. -As their numbers dwindled, they developed increasing uncertainty about their own collective identity. -They longed to be back in the days of President Eisenhower, when things were simple and young people had no responsibilities.
-Most followed conventional paths and sought a secure place in the system.
What happened at Kent State University in May 1970? -Campus radicals ambushed National Guard Troop G, wounding eleven and killing four. -Ohio governor James Rhodes ordered the National Guard to shoot all campus radicals. -National Guard troops panicked and fired at a crowd of students, wounding eleven and killing four. -A distraught student stood in the window of the library tower and shot professors walking on the main quadrangle below. -Campus police fired at burglars in a dormitory, accidentally killing two students.
-National Guard troops panicked and fired at a crowd of students, wounding eleven and killing four.
About what portion of the American people lived in poverty by 1960? -One-third -One-fifth -One-half -One-tenth -Two thirds
-One-fifth
Which Supreme Court ruling upheld restrictions on abortion providers? -Planned Parenthood v. Casey -Roe v. Wade -Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education -California v. Bakke -None of these choices
-Planned Parenthood v. Casey
What happened in the 1980 presidential election? -Reagan won by a razor-thin margin, but the Republicans lost seats in both the House and the Senate. -Carter lost, but he held such traditional New Deal Democratic voters as blue-collar workers and white southerners. -Reagan won in a landslide by capturing all western and northeastern states, although the solid South remained firmly Democratic. -Reagan won about 51 percent of the popular vote, and Republicans gained control of the Senate for the first time since 1955. -Carter won by a slim margin over Gerald Ford, but the Democrats regained control of the Senate and House of Representatives.
-Reagan won about 51 percent of the popular vote, and Republicans gained control of the Senate for the first time since 1955.
In 1940 and 1941 President Roosevelt wished to prolong negotiations with the Japanese rather than go to war. Why? -The negotiations had been making substantial progress and most of the points of disagreement were being resolved. -Roosevelt knew that he did not have a large enough navy to fight both Japan and Germany. -The American people were virulently anti-Japanese and therefore the anti-interventionist sentiment regarding Asian affairs was very strong. -The Japanese had ended their expansion and were looking forward to a century of coprosperity. -All he was concerned about was war in Europe; the situation in the Pacific was unimportant to him.
-Roosevelt knew that he did not have a large enough navy to fight both Japan and Germany.
Who ran as a major third party candidate in the 1992 election? -Ralph Nader -Robert Dole -Bill Clinton -Ross Perot -George Bush
-Ross Perot
What was one of the factors that caused the saving-and-loan crisis in the late 1980s and early 1990s? -There was excessive government regulation. -Saving-and-loan institutions gave risky loans made on speculative real-estate ventures. -Saving-and-loan institutions could not attract deposits. -Saving-and-loan institutions were unable to compete with Internet banking. -All of these choices
-Saving-and-loan institutions gave risky loans made on speculative real-estate ventures.
What role did the American scientific community have in World War II? -The government insisted that scientific inquiry should not be interrupted by the war. -Most of the nation's scientists opposed the war and refused to have anything to do with it. -Scientists participated actively in developing new weapons, chemicals, medicines, and medical techniques that would advance the fight against the Axis powers. -There was a constant conflict between scientists and the military because the military refused to allow scientists a role in the weapons race. -Scientists left the government for better-paying jobs in private industry.
-Scientists participated actively in developing new weapons, chemicals, medicines, and medical techniques that would advance the fight against the Axis powers.
Where did the United States send a humanitarian force from 1992 to 1994? -Darfur -Ethiopia -Kosovo -Somalia -Rwanda
-Somalia
What economic problem plagued the American economy in the 1970s? -Deflation -Stagflation -Low interest rates -Declining world trade -Expanding gold supply
-Stagflation
Which of the following was not part of the Reagan administration's Middle East policy? -Stationing two thousand American marines in Lebanon as part of a multinational peacekeeping force. -Providing extensive aid to Egypt. -Supporting Iran in its bloody war against Saddam Hussein's Iraq. -Proposing negotiations that would lead to an independent Palestinian state. -Providing military and economic aid to Israel.
-Supporting Iran in its bloody war against Saddam Hussein's Iraq.
In the "Eisenhower Doctrine," Dwight Eisenhower declared the United States would send military aid and, if necessary, troops to help counter communist thrusts in -The Middle East. -Indochina. -Latin America. -Western Europe. -Southern Africa.
-The Middle East.
Which group benefited the most from the population shift to the Sunbelt? -The Democratic party. -The Republican party. -Fringe third parties. -Migrant workers. -Organized labor.
-The Republican party.
To what was Ronald Reagan referring when he spoke of the "evil empire"? -The Soviet Union -The growing federal bureaucracy -The New Deal electoral coalition -The People's Republic of China -The alliance between Iraq, North Korea, and Libya
-The Soviet Union
Which of the following statements concerning the formation of NATO in 1949 is not true? -The United States wanted a defensive alliance that preserved the security of Western Europe. -Many European countries joined because of they feared the spread of communism. -The Soviet Union formed NATO to offset the creation of the Warsaw Pact by the United States. -This was the first major military alliance involving the United States since the late 1700s. -President Truman ranked NATO as one of his proudest achievements.
-The Soviet Union formed NATO to offset the creation of the Warsaw Pact by the United States.
Which of the following was not one of the reasons that many Americans became concerned about the nation's security during the late 1940s? -The communist victory in China. -The Soviet development of a hydrogen bomb. -The discovery of a major spy network that had given American atomic secrets to the Soviets. -Hysteria about communist infiltrators. -Publicity over Congressional investigations into communist influence in American life.
-The Soviet development of a hydrogen bomb.
Which of the following was not one of the changes in the American "social topography" that occurred during World War II? -Millions of Americans moved to the West Coast states. -Many Americans moved far from their hometowns. -Some Americans who moved left their traditional values for new attitudes. -The family unit was strengthened, and divorce rates dropped, as Americans united in the effort to defend the nation. -Some 6 million Americans left farms and moved to cities.
-The family unit was strengthened, and divorce rates dropped, as Americans united in the effort to defend the nation.
Which of the following is not part of the evidence of a renewed interest in religion in the 1950s? -Congress added the phrase "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance. -"In God We Trust" became mandatory on U.S. currency. -Religious popularizers such as Billy Graham and Fulton J. Sheen achieved wide success. -Among Hollywood's biggest hits were religious epics. -The intensity of faith increased for many people, as mainstream churches increasingly emphasized sin and evil.
-The intensity of faith increased for many people, as mainstream churches increasingly emphasized sin and evil.
When General Dwight Eisenhower received the Republican nomination for president in 1952, which wing of the party was he viewed as representing? -The moderate wing -The conservative wing -The hard-line wing -The southern wing -The left wing
-The moderate wing
How did World War II affect millions of American women? -The federal government adopted a policy of gender equality in all federal hiring and in all companies doing business with the government. -The proportion of women in the labor force rose from one-quarter to more than one-third, as 19 million women were employed. -Because of the importance of their war work, women for the first time achieved equal pay for equal work. =The public attitude toward women's employment underwent a transformation, as the majority of Americans began to admit that they approved of married women working outside the home. -In order to show the strength of traditional American values, women stayed at home to nurture their children.
-The proportion of women in the labor force rose from one-quarter to more than one-third, as 19 million women were employed.
What do David Souter, Ruth Bader Ginsberg, Clarence Thomas, and Stephen Breyer have in common? -They all joined the Supreme Court during the 1990s. -They all dropped out of the race for the Democratic nomination for president in 1992, clearing the way for Bill Clinton to run. -They all were members of George Bush's cabinet from 1989 to 1992. -They all testified that Bill Clinton had sexually harassed his secretary when he was governor of Arkansas. -They were all prominent Americans who acknowledged during the 1990s that they had AIDS.
-They all joined the Supreme Court during the 1990s.
Between 1947 and 1951, what did the loyalty boards that were established to root out subversives in government service do? -They uncovered evidence of massive subversion and espionage within the Departments of State and Defense. -They restricted their investigations to potential subversives in high-risk areas of government service. -They forced several thousand government employees to resign and led to the dismissal of almost six hundred on charges of disloyalty. -They restored to federal government employees a sense of calm and confidence that had been missing since the end of World War II. -They were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
-They forced several thousand government employees to resign and led to the dismissal of almost six hundred on charges of disloyalty.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the "Yippies"? -They were second highest grossing band from Great Britain in the 1960s. -They were a group of hippies who lived in a commune in New Mexico that practiced free love. -They part of the counterculture movement that wished to disrupt the Democratic Convention in Chicago. -They were a group of Nixon supporters who attempted to infiltrate the anti-war protest movement. -They were the remnants of a once proud Native American tribe that called for their independence from the United States.
-They part of the counterculture movement that wished to disrupt the Democratic Convention in Chicago.
Which of the following statements best describes warfare between the Japanese soldiers and American Marines? -They respected each other's dead, wounded, and prisoners. -They utterly hated each other and committed numerous atrocities. -They both fought desperately, but surrendered when it was clear that they could not prevail. -all of these choices. =none of these choices.
-They utterly hated each other and committed numerous atrocities.
Which music festival came to symbolize the 1960s counterculture? -Haight-Ashbury -Greenwich -Woodstock -Castle Rock -Carnegie Hall
-Woodstock
In 1948, Whittaker Chambers testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee that former State Department official Alger Hiss was -an anarchist. -a socialist. -a Nazi. -a communist. -a homosexual.
-a communist.
In the 1960s, what did the term "counterculture" refer to? -a conservative movement among American youth who were nostalgic for the simple habits of the 1950s. -an environmental movement dedicated to countering the polluting effects of American consumer culture. -a youth culture that was radically disaffiliated from the mainstream assumptions of American society. -an urban middle-class reform movement that opposed the growing use of "uppers" and "downers" throughout American society. -a movement to increase American consumerism in order to solve the nation's economic woes.
-a youth culture that was radically disaffiliated from the mainstream assumptions of American society.
What did the 1965 Immigration Act do? -established immigration limits based on nationality. -allowed for unlimited immigration to this country. -abolished the national origins quotas of the 1920s. -outlawed immigration unless you had a family member already living in the United States. -appropriated money to build a fence between the United States and Mexico.
-abolished the national origins quotas of the 1920s.
According to the theories of "Reaganomics," -by increasing revenue from taxes, the country could spend more for defense programs. -by cutting taxes, the country's economy would expand and produce more revenue for the federal government. -by reducing defense programs, the country could spend more money on domestic programs. -by eliminating the income tax and adopted a national sale's tax, the country could afford to spend more money on both domestic and defense programs. -by raising the income tax and increased corporate taxes, the country could expand its domestic and defense programs.
-by cutting taxes, the country's economy would expand and produce more revenue for the federal government.
Congress created the Office of Price Administration to -control inflation during the war. -preserve uranium production. -raise money to pay for the war. -lower prices to help American families survive the economic hardships of the war. -decrease the national debt.
-control inflation during the war.
Which of the following statements correctly describes Kennedy's policies toward the Soviet Union in 1963? -developed new nuclear weapons. -compromised on Berlin and in the conflict over Vietnam. -established a direct "hot line" between the two countries and agreed to a nuclear test-ban treaty. -invited Nikita Khrushchev to a summit meeting in Washington. -announced a reduction in the size of the American nuclear triad.
-established a direct "hot line" between the two countries and agreed to a nuclear test-ban treaty.
The various federal agencies created during World War II to coordinate the war effort did all the following except -limit or stop the production of civilian goods. -impose strict ceilings on corporate profits. -mediate disputes between management and labor. -impose strict price controls. -allocate materials.
-impose strict ceilings on corporate profits.
Dr. Benjamin Spock advocated that -babies should be fed on a strict schedule to instill orderly habits. -bottle feeding should be used instead of breast feeding because fathers could participate more fully in parenting. -mothers should comfort crying babies to instill feelings of security and intimacy. -children should be treated like little adults. -children should be strictly disciplined to prepare them for the realities of modern life.
-mothers should comfort crying babies to instill feelings of security and intimacy.
President Eisenhower's greatest crisis in the Middle East began when Egyptian leader Gamal Abdel Nasser -nationalized the oil wells. -nationalized the foreign-owned Suez Canal. -seized the Aswan Dam. -declared his nation's independence from France. -invaded Israel.
-nationalized the foreign-owned Suez Canal.
Martin Luther King's philosophy is best captured by which of the following phrases? -Burn baby burn -Compromise and accommodation -nonviolent resistance -Back to Africa -Black is Beautiful
-nonviolent resistance
Which of the following most accurately characterizes television programming in the 1950s? -controversial political drama -dominated by rock-and-roll and rap music -ethnic comedies focusing on street life in Cuba -perfectly coiffed moms, frisky yet obedient kids, and all-knowing dads -cooking competitions and reality shows
-perfectly coiffed moms, frisky yet obedient kids, and all-knowing dads
In Miranda v. Arizona, the Supreme Court declared that -police had to advise a suspect of his or her constitutional right to remain silent. -state laws prohibiting marriage between persons of different races were unconstitutional. -the federal courts possessed jurisdiction over state apportionment systems to ensure that the votes of all citizens carry equal weight. -states could not establish racially segregated schools even if the schools were supposed to have equal facilities. -states could not ban the use of contraceptives.
-police had to advise a suspect of his or her constitutional right to remain silent.
The Gay Liberation movement became more publicly militant in reaction to -the Saturday Night Massacre. -police raid on the Stonewall Inn. -the Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade. -the refusal of the Nixon administration to appoint an openly gay jurist to the Supreme Court. -the torture of a gay youth in Montana.
-police raid on the Stonewall Inn.
President Johnson's vision of a Great Society was a society where -poverty and racial injustice would be eliminated, and economic opportunity would be available for all. -inequalities between social classes could be eliminated by government wealth-redistribution schemes. -individuals and corporations could work as partners to eliminate poverty without the need for elaborate government-sponsored social-welfare programs. -independent farmers and small shop owners would once again form the backbone of a free and democratic citizenry in the Jeffersonian mold. -whites would dominate all of other races and ethnic groups.
-poverty and racial injustice would be eliminated, and economic opportunity would be available for all.
In Brown v. Board of Education the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregation in ____ was unconstitutional. -public schools -public restaurants -public hotels -the military -Housing
-public schools
At the Yalta Conference, Stalin agreed on all the following except -entry into the war against Japan. -recognition of Mao Zedong as the ruler of China. -establishment of "broadly representative" governments in Eastern Europe. -created a postwar commission to address reparations. -a founding conference for the new United Nations.
-recognition of Mao Zedong as the ruler of China.
Which of the following did Richard Nixon not do early in his presidency? -reduce the regulatory powers of the federal government. -institute wage and price controls. -inaugurate affirmative action policies. -approve the vote for 18 year olds. -begin the withdrawal of U.S. troops from Vietnam.
-reduce the regulatory powers of the federal government.
The Manhattan Project was the -area in New York City where expatriate German scientists settled during World War II. -code name for the Soviet espionage network specializing in secret scientific American projects during World War II. -area in New Mexico where navy scientists worked on new sonar devices during World War II. -secret plan to move the government to New York City in the event of a Japanese invasion. -secret $2 billion project to develop an atomic bomb.
-secret $2 billion project to develop an atomic bomb.
In the 1956 Southern Manifesto, what did approximately 100 senators and congressmen argue? -Congress needed to abolish the Supreme Court. -the United States had to spend more on national defense. -segregation of schools should be permitted. -they had an obligation to support Supreme Court decisions. -states have the right to nullify laws.
-segregation of schools should be permitted.
Ronald Reagan's nomination of Sandra Day O'Connor to the Supreme Court was important because -she turned the court in a more liberal direction. -her appointment gave women a majority on the Supreme Court for the first time. -she insured that Roe v. Wade would not be overturned. -she was the first woman ever confirmed to the Supreme Court. -her failure to win confirmation showed how the Senate was still dominated by white men.
-she was the first woman ever confirmed to the Supreme Court.
In Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that -busing should be used to desegregate schools. -racial quotas are only applicable under limited circumstances. -school-sponsored prayer is unconstitutional. -states could not restrict abortion in the first trimester of a pregnancy. -the death penalty was unconstitutional.
-states could not restrict abortion in the first trimester of a pregnancy.
What did George Kennan argue in his long telegram from Moscow? -that conflict with the Soviet Union was inevitable, so the United States had to pursue a firm policy of containing Soviet expansion. -that the focus of world communism was shifting to China, and the United States should abandon its preoccupation with affairs in Eastern Europe. -that American war aims in Europe had been achieved, so the United States should withdraw and focus on domestic challenges. -that the Soviet Union was interested mainly in securing its borders, so the United States should encourage its domination of Eastern Europe. -that conflict with the Soviet Union was inevitable, so the United States should, if at all possible, invade Russia and halt its expansive tendencies.
-that conflict with the Soviet Union was inevitable, so the United States had to pursue a firm policy of containing Soviet expansion.
What did the "Double V" campaign represent? -the American campaign to defeat both Germany and Japan. -the Allied campaign to defeat Germany on land as well as at sea. -the Allied campaign to defeat Nazism and Fascism. -the African-Americans' campaign to defeat their enemies at home and abroad. -the Mexican-American campaign of to defeat the Axis powers and to loosen immigration restrictions at home.
-the African-Americans' campaign to defeat their enemies at home and abroad.
Which of the following did not occur prior to the formal beginning of World War II? -the Anschluss between Austria and Germany -the Italian invasion of Ethiopia -the Munich Pact, which handed the Sudetenland over to Germany -Japanese aggression against China -the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor
-the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor
The America First Committee argued that -the United States was endangered by internal subversion, not possible German invasion. -the United States had to defend itself by launching a preemptive war against Germany. -the United States would assist the British but stay out of the war. -the United States had the strength to stand alone and did not need to enter the war. -the United States had to defend itself by going to war against Japan before Japan attacked the United States.
-the United States had the strength to stand alone and did not need to enter the war.
After what event did the Japanese government finally begin to discuss acceptance of surrender terms? -the Battle of Iwo Jima -the dropping of unconditional surrender as a prerequisite -the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki -the threatened invasion of Japan by the China -the collapse of Fascist Italy
-the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The experiences of E.B. Sledge illustrate -the importance of the secretary of war. -the complexity of naval operations in the Pacific theatre. -the extreme hardships of fighting in the Pacific theatre -why U.S. technological superiority was so important. -the horrors of fighting in Europe.
-the extreme hardships of fighting in the Pacific theatre
The Korean War was an example of all the following except -limited war. -the triumph of military over political leadership. -the containment policy. -war without congressional approval. -a stalemate.
-the triumph of military over political leadership.
Which of the following statements does not accurately describe conditions in the American army in Vietnam by 1969? -morale had plummeted and drug use had soared. -racial conflict among American soldiers had increased. -killing of officers by enlisted men had become more common. -troop strength had risen to about 700,000. -American soldiers mutinied against their commanders.
-troop strength had risen to about 700,000.
In response to the 1948 Soviet blockade of West Berlin, the United States -used an airlift to re-supply West Berlin. -threatened to launch a preemptive nuclear war. -allowed West Berlin to become part of East Germany. -permitted the Soviet Union to participate in the government of West Berlin. -exchanged the right to West Berlin for access to Prague.
-used an airlift to re-supply West Berlin.
What was Eugene McCarthy's main issue during his challenge to Lyndon Johnson for the 1968 Democratic presidential nomination? -presence of communists in the State Department -war in Vietnam -war on poverty -an appeal to the "silent majority" of Americans -the white backlash
-war in Vietnam
What percentage of the American population was under the age of 30 in the 1960s? -10% -20% -30% -40% -50%
50%
What happened at Three Mile Island? -The United States established a prison to hold terrorists. -A nuclear plant experienced a near-disastrous accident. -Pennsylvania built the first town to be powered solely by a nuclear reactor. -National Guard forces intervened in a coal mining strike. -The army tested the first components of the Strategic Defense Initiative.
A nuclear plant experienced a near-disastrous accident.
The North American Free Trade Agreement -Encouraged the Big Three automakers to move their production facilities to Mexico. -Admitted Mexico to a free-trade zone that had been formed by the United States and Canada. -Was opposed by most Mexicans out of fear that high wage jobs would flee to Canada. -United Mexico and Canada in economic opposition to the United States. -All of these choices.
Admitted Mexico to a free-trade zone that had been formed by the United States and Canada.
Which of the following did Malcolm X not advocate before 1964? -African-Americans should separate themselves from whites. -African-Americans should be proud of their blackness. -African-Americans should rely on nonviolence. -African-Americans should celebrate their African roots. -African-Americans should control their own destinies.
African-Americans should rely on nonviolence.
Which of the following was not one of the reasons that the Republicans were victorious in the 1952 election? -Americans were tired of the stalemate in Korean. -Wage-and-price freezes had angered many Americans. -Americans were ready for a change from twenty years of Democratic presidents. -Eisenhower's military stature and infectious smile won him many admirers. -Americans were comforted by the soothing moderation of Eisenhower's running mate, Richard Nixon.
Americans were comforted by the soothing moderation of Eisenhower's running mate, Richard Nixon.
Why did Soviet-American relations become strained in 1960? -A Soviet spy plane was shot down within U.S. borders. -An American spy plane was shot down within Soviet borders. -The Soviets resumed atmospheric tests of nuclear weapons. -The United States discovered that Soviet missiles had been installed in Cuba. -The United States resumed atmospheric tests of nuclear weapons.
An American spy plane was shot down within Soviet borders.
What event precipitated the 1979 seizure of over fifty American hostages in Iran? -The CIA helped return the Shah Reza Pahlavi to power. -Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini rose to power in Iran, and the United States allowed the shah to enter the United States for cancer treatment. -An American helicopter and a transport plane collided over the Iranian desert. -The Soviet Union invaded Iran. -The United States invaded Iran.
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini rose to power in Iran, and the United States allowed the shah to enter the United States for cancer treatment.
Who ran against Lyndon Johnson for president in the 1964 election? -Richard Nixon -Barry Goldwater -Hubert Humphrey -Eugene McCarthy -George McGovern
Barry Goldwater
What characterized the American economy during the Carter presidency? -The worst depression since the 1930s -Rapid business expansion -Record low unemployment -Creeping inflation brought about by steady business growth -Business stagnation and skyrocketing inflation
Business stagnation and skyrocketing inflation
Which of the following did not contribute to Jimmy Carter's election victory in 1976? -Clearly defined his economic and social programs. -Emphasized his status as an outsider to Washington politics. -Rejected the concept of the "imperial presidency." -Pledged never to lie to the American people. -Professed his faith as a "born-again" Christian
Clearly defined his economic and social programs.
Senator Joseph McCarthy won strong backing from all the following groups except -Midwestern Republicans opposed to Democratic internationalism and restrictions on business. -Eastern, upper-class, Protestant Democrats and Republicans, such as Dean Acheson and Nelson Rockefeller. -Traditionally Democratic Catholic groups. -Chambers of Commerce and the American Legion. -Blue-collar workers who agreed with his assessment of what made a true American.
Eastern, upper-class, Protestant Democrats and Republicans, such as Dean Acheson and Nelson Rockefeller.
Which of the following is true about Henry Kissinger? -He believed that human nature was basically good and that people would do the right thing if left alone. -He believed in Realpolitik. -He came to his foreign-policy post in Washington with little knowledge of international relations. -He served as the president's national security adviser but failed to become secretary of state because he lacked the willingness to act ruthlessly when opponents placed obstacles in his path.
He believed in Realpolitik.
What policy did Lyndon Johnson follow with regard to American involvement in Vietnam? -He followed an attrition strategy to try to force the communist to the peace table. -He rapidly increased the number of American ground troops in South Vietnam for a massive invasion of North Vietnam -He gradually withdrew American forces while asking for United Nations mediation. -He pulled American forces out immediately and declared that the United States had achieved its goals. -It did nothing until free elections could be held in South Vietnam.
He followed an attrition strategy to try to force the communist to the peace table.
Which of the following was not part of President Richard Nixon's strategy in Southeast Asia? -He escalated American bombing of North Vietnam. -He ordered massive increases in American ground forces to invade North Vietnam. -He replaced American troops with South Vietnamese forces. -He opened secret direct negotiations with North Vietnam's foreign minister, Le Duc Tho. -He widened the war by invading Cambodia.
He ordered massive increases in American ground forces to invade North Vietnam.
Why did President Eisenhower eventually support the desegregation of public schools? -He believed that the only way Americans would accept desegregation is if the Supreme Court ruled on the matter. -He realized from World War II that if there was another war the races would have to learn to cooperate. -He was forced to defend the law of land after seeing the defiance of Arkansas Governor Orville Faubus. -He knew that if he did not support the Supreme Court's decision then many Americans would not accept it. -He wanted to stop Strom Thurmond's attempt to create a third party in the South.
He was forced to defend the law of land after seeing the defiance of Arkansas Governor Orville Faubus.
How did Gerald Ford become president? -He was elected in 1972. -He was nominated by Nixon as vice president, confirmed by Congress, and became president when Nixon resigned. -He was appointed by Congress after Nixon and his vice president resigned. -He bribed the Senate Judiciary Committee to approve his presidency.
He was nominated by Nixon as vice president, confirmed by Congress, and became president when Nixon resigned.
Which of the following statements concerning the Civil Rights Act of 1957 is true? -Eisenhower opposed it because he believed one could not change the hearts of men with laws. -It established a permanent commission on civil rights with broad investigatory powers. -It empowered federal officials to register blacks to vote. -It overturned the doctrine of "separate but equal" in education. -The Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional.
It established a permanent commission on civil rights with broad investigatory powers.
Which of the following operations was the CIA not responsible for in the 1950s? -It helped return the deposed shah of Iran to power. -It intervened in elections in the Philippines to ensure a pro-American government. -It supported a coup in Guatemala and instituting a military dictatorship. -It intervened in East Germany and Hungary when the Soviet Union crushed popular insurrections. -It sponsored intellectual conferences and jazz concerts, subsidized magazines, and recruited college students.
It intervened in East Germany and Hungary when the Soviet Union crushed popular insurrections.
What did the SALT I agreement do? -It arranged for the Soviet Union's purchase of at least $750 million in American grain over a three-year period. -It brought about the end of the OPEC oil embargo. -It called for a phased withdrawal of American missiles and troops in Europe, in exchange for a comparable Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan. -It banned all chemical and biological weapons. -It limited the number of offensive nuclear missiles of the United States and the Soviet Union.
It limited the number of offensive nuclear missiles of the United States and the Soviet Union.
What was the purpose of Operation Rolling Thunder? -It was designed to eliminate 50% of the poverty in the United States by 1970. -It was designed to use aerial bombardments to force the North Vietnamese to negotiate and stop the flow of soldiers and supplies on the Ho Chi Minh Trail. -It was designed to increase literacy in the United States by 20% in the 1960s. -It was designed to reduce racial tensions by rebuilding the worst urban slums. -It was designed to force the Soviet Union to withdraw its forces from Eastern Europe.
It was designed to use aerial bombardments to force the North Vietnamese to negotiate and stop the flow of soldiers and supplies on the Ho Chi Minh Trail.
In the 1950s and 1960s what did the Warren Court do? -It issued a string of decisions declaring unconstitutional most of the liberal Great Society programs of the Johnson administration. -It refused to decide on any of the major social or political issues of the day. -It was responsible for a series of liberal decisions enraged more conservative Americans. -It began to lobby openly for a more vigorous American military policy in Vietnam. -It acted beyond the powers of the Constitution and saw several of its members impeached.
It was responsible for a series of liberal decisions enraged more conservative Americans.
What is the importance of ENIAC? -It was the first American satellite launched into space. -It was the first computer ever built. -It was the name of the atomic bomb used by the United States in Vietnam. -It was the earliest version of the television. -It was the name of the highest grossing robot movie of all time.
It was the first computer ever built.
How was war avoided in the Cuban missile crisis? -The United States agreed to remove its missiles from Europe in exchange for the Soviets' taking their missiles out of Cuba. -Kennedy agreed to remove Western troops from East Berlin in exchange for Khrushchev's order to dismantle Soviet missiles in Cuba. -The United States agreed to stop its bombing of North Vietnam in exchange for the Soviets' removal of missiles with nuclear warheads from Cuba. -Khrushchev agreed to remove Soviet missiles from Cuba in exchange for Kennedy's pledge not to invade that country. -Kennedy ended the embargo of Cuba, and Khrushchev transferred its missiles to China.
Khrushchev agreed to remove Soviet missiles from Cuba in exchange for Kennedy's pledge not to invade that country
If you were in San Francisco in 1966, what would you have found if you went to Haight Street? -The army recruiting office. -The headquarters of the Democratic National Committee. -LSD and psychedelic music. -The headquarters of Young Americans for Freedom. -The headquarters of Dow Chemical.
LSD and psychedelic music.
Who would have most likely opposed the Alaska Lands Act? -Jimmy Carter -Oil companies -Greenpeace -Sierra Club -Teddy Kennedy
Oil companies
What happened to President Richard Nixon? -Impeached by the House of Representatives for obstruction of justice, abuse of power, and contempt of Congress. -Resigned to allow Vice President Spiro Agnew to take over the reins of power and end the nation's long nightmare. -Resigned from office before the House of Representatives could impeach him, which it was likely to do. -Died of a heart attack as impeachment proceedings began. -Committed suicide and was replaced by Gerald Ford.
Resigned from office before the House of Representatives could impeach him, which it was likely to do.
The 1955-1956 African-American boycott of segregated buses in Montgomery, Alabama eventually led to -Supreme Court affirming a lower-court decision outlawing segregation of public transportation. -election of a black mayor in Montgomery. -defeat of Democratic incumbents throughout the south in the 1956 election. -voluntary concession by white leaders in Montgomery to integrate buses. -collapse of the civil-rights movement when African-American leaders were unable to deliver on their promises of social change
Supreme Court affirming a lower-court decision outlawing segregation of public transportation.
What happened in the 1994 midterm elections? -The Republicans won majorities in both houses of Congress. -There was an unusually high voter turnout. -The Democrats held on to the House, but lost the Senate. -The voters indicated that they wanted more government programs to help the poor and crack down on monopolistic corporations. -Voters demonstrated their lack of interest in any issues by voting for minor-party candidates.
The Republicans won majorities in both houses of Congress.
The Exxon Valdez incident revealed -How exorbitant corporate profits had reached. -The need for campaign finance reform. -The weaknesses of America's industrial secrets. -The environmental dangers of transporting oil. -That Bill Clinton was controlled by oil executives.
The environmental dangers of transporting oil.
In the late 1940s and early 1950s, what did the House Un-American Activities Committee, Hollywood, and some thirty-nine state legislatures have in common? -They were all revealed to be riddled with communist spies and other subversives. -They all took vigorous stands against the witch hunting of Senator Joseph McCarthy. -They all participated in the crusade to clear Alger Hiss and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg of charges that they passed secrets to the Soviets. -They all contributed to the anticommunist hysteria of the period and tried to root out subversives in American society. -none of these choices.
They all contributed to the anticommunist hysteria of the period and tried to root out subversives in American society.
How did Southern states respond to the Supreme Court ruling that outlawed segregation in schools? -They resentfully complied. -They refused to comply whenever possible. -They welcomed the ruling as a step forward for social progress. -They established separate but equal schools for African Americans. -They burned down the schools.
They refused to comply whenever possible.
Why did the Nixon administration attempt to halt the publication of the Pentagon Papers? -They contained damaging revelations about the Nixon administration's policy in Vietnam. -They chronicled two decades of waste, mismanagement, and ineffective weapons systems, and the administration feared that public trust in the defense establishment would be undermined. -They revealed a long history of government lies that could further undermine public trust in government statements about the Vietnam War. -They contained embarrassing details of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatric therapy, and the administration feared that a national hero would be publicly discredited. -They were to be published in The New York Times and the Washington Post, both of which had long been on his "enemies list."
They revealed a long history of government lies that could further undermine public trust in government statements about the Vietnam War.
How did President Ford try to curb inflation? -Voluntary wage-and-price restraint -Increases in federal spending -Support for lowering the discount rate -All of these choices -None of these choices
Voluntary wage-and-price restraint
The 1948 Marshall Plan provided funding after World War II to help the recovery and rebuilding of -the Soviet Union. -Eastern Europe. -Western Europe. -Southeast Asia. -Northern Africa.
Western Europe.
The condition of African-Americans improved during World War II through all the following reasons means except -jobs were more plentiful because of war production needs. -a federal executive order prohibited discriminatory employment practices. -a massive march on Washington by 100,000 African-Americans. -the average wage for African-Americans increased dramatically. -the military ended some exclusionary and segregation policies.
a massive march on Washington by 100,000 African-Americans.
Which of the following was an explanation offered for the destructive race riots that swept American cities between 1964 and 1968? -they were revolutionary violence to overthrow a racist, reactionary society. -they were evidence of a communist plot to subvert the United States. -they were senseless outbursts by troublemakers. -they were the product of white racism, poverty, slum housing, poor education, and police brutality. -all of these choices
all of these choices
A. Philip Randolph's call for a massive march on Washington led to -an executive order permitting the military to evacuate and intern Japanese living on the West Coast. -an executive order prohibiting employment discrimination and creating a Fair Employment Practices Committee. -passage of the Smith-Connally Act restricting union strikes and protests. -prosecution of the sailors involved in the "zoot suit" riot against the Chicanos. -integration of the armed forces.
an executive order prohibiting employment discrimination and creating a Fair Employment Practices Committee.
Silent Spring -was Beat poet Allen Ginsberg's denunciation of American materialism. -described the lack of political involvement of most Americans during the 1950s. -argued that the use of DDT was dangerous to the entire food chain. -predicted the consequences of a nuclear power plant "melt-down." -depicted the travels of a young boy along the interstate highway system as he searched for the Midwest farm on which he had been born.
argued that the use of DDT was dangerous to the entire food chain.
Federal policies toward Native Americans during the 1950s -called for the end of the reservation system and encouraged Indians to leave reservations. -recognized the importance of Native American culture. -helped maintain tribal life. -gave preferential treatment to Native Americans over other minority groups and elevated their relative economic status. -thwarted agricultural, lumber, and mining interests in their desire for Native American land by establishing the reservation system.
called for the end of the reservation system and encouraged Indians to leave reservations.
What was America's initial involvement in Vietnam? -provided aid to the nationalist coalition, the Vietminh. -furnished aid to the French, who were trying to re-conquer their former colony. -committed American troops to assist the French. -offered to use atomic weapons to assist the French. -pressured the French to grant Vietnam its independence.
furnished aid to the French, who were trying to re-conquer their former colony.
In January 1968, how did typical Americans feel about continued United States involvement in the war in Vietnam? -that the war was immoral and that the United States should withdraw immediately. -that the government should be conducting the war more vigorously and should commit more American ground troops. -generally supportive or ambivalent, wanting to get out but not wanting to give up. -in favor of the use of tactical nuclear weapons so that the U.S. could win without endangering American soldiers. -unconcerned, because the economy was good and Vietnam was far away.
generally supportive or ambivalent, wanting to get out but not wanting to give up.
What was the purpose of the 1964 Mississippi Freedom Summer Project? -protest the escalation of the Vietnam War. -help and encourage African-Americans to become registered voters. -force the Interstate Commerce Commission to declare segregated transportation facilities unconstitutional. -persuade the state legislature to ratify the Equal Rights Amendment. -convince southern blacks to join the military.
help and encourage African-Americans to become registered voters.
Which of the following economic developments occurred during Ronald Reagan's first term? -A budget surplus -A drop in the balance of trade deficit -The lowering of tax receipts -increased consumer spending and a surging stock market -All of these choices
increased consumer spending and a surging stock market
What were the recommendations the Kerner Commission? -strengthening of local police forces to ensure that law and order could be maintained in the nation's cities. -increases in federal expenditures to assist urban African-Americans. -financing a system of medical care for the elderly. -a 20 percent increase in the defense budget, a five-fold increase in the purchase of intercontinental ballistic missiles, and the building of nuclear submarines armed with Polaris missiles. -more jails, larger police forces, and a reinstitution of the death penalty.
increases in federal expenditures to assist urban African-Americans.
As President, Dwight D. Eisenhower -returned the nation to New Deal and Fair Deal philosophies. -initiated the largest and most expensive public-works scheme in American history. -exemplified the social protest and rebellion of the 1950s. -cut military spending from $76 billion in 1952 to under $20 billion in 1959. -implemented a major bank deregulation program that plunged the nation into its worst depression since 1929.
initiated the largest and most expensive public-works scheme in American history.
What was the most significant cause of the increase in federal aid to education and the shift to greater emphasis on basic disciplines in the late 1950s? influx of non-English-speaking Hispanics into the United States. alarm over the popularity of the nonconformist Beats on college campuses. "war on poverty" that was declared when it became apparent that high-school drop-outs were swelling the welfare rolls discovery that there were more private schools in the suburbs than public schools in the cities. launch of Sputnik, which gave Americans reason to fear that they were intellectually and technologically backward.
launch of Sputnik, which gave Americans reason to fear that they were intellectually and technologically backward.
Lieut. William Calley became a public figure in the late years of the U.S. war in Vietnam War because he -assassinated Ngo Dinh Diem. -attempted to kill General William Westmoreland. -raped 15 Vietnamese women. -distributed heroin to American soldiers. -led a group of American soldiers who massacred Vietnamese villagers.
led a group of American soldiers who massacred Vietnamese villagers.
The 1964 Civil Rights Act -established affirmative action programs. -guaranteed the right to vote of all Americans regardless of race. -outlawed segregation in public accommodations. -prohibited discrimination in education. -established voting commissions to supervise elections.
outlawed segregation in public accommodations.
By 2000, about how many Americans had died of AIDS? -over 458,000 -nearly 1,200,000 -slightly more than 3,000 -no more than 175 -There are no accurate estimates, because the Surgeon General refused to release the figures.
over 458,000
President Franklin Roosevelt encouraged the passage of the Lend-Lease Act because he wanted to -provide aid to Great Britain in its struggle with Germany -help the American economy. -aid France in its struggle against Germany. -get Congress involved in the European crisis. -persuade Germany that the American military was strong.
provide aid to Great Britain in its struggle with Germany
What was the Kennedy administration's policy toward Vietnam? -sent some 16,000 military advisers to South Vietnam and attempted to move South Vietnamese peasants into fortified villages to isolate the Vietcong. -ordered American troops to protect Premier Ngo Dinh Diem from an expected military coup. -withdrew American troops and negotiated with the Soviet Union to install a neutral premier. -placed an embargo of the South to force Premier Ngo Dinh Diem to deliver on his promise of land reform. -initiated a major bombing campaign of North Vietnam.
sent some 16,000 military advisers to South Vietnam and attempted to move South Vietnamese peasants into fortified villages to isolate the Vietcong.
The Camp David Accords were significant because they -settled disputes between the former Union and Confederate states over debts. -officially ended American participation in the Vietnam War. -set the foundation for peace negotiations between Israel and the Arab states. -limited the number of nuclear missiles that the United States and the Soviet Union could possess. -led to formal diplomatic relations between the United States and China.
set the foundation for peace negotiations between Israel and the Arab states.
Which of the following was not one of the programs of the Kennedy administration? -social legislation to fight poverty and finance medical care for the elderly -a massive arms buildup -a huge cut in corporate taxes to stimulate the economy. -a crash program to put an American on the moon -The establishment of the Peace Corp
social legislation to fight poverty and finance medical care for the elderly
The League of United Latin American Citizens -wanted to help Mexicans swim across the Rio Grande into the United States. -advocated a "Back to Mexico" movement. -sought to stop abuses against aliens and violations of the rights of Mexican-Americans. -supported the secession of parts of the southwestern United States that were heavily populated by Mexicans. -emphasized the importance of all immigrants learning English.
sought to stop abuses against aliens and violations of the rights of Mexican-Americans.
In 1995, Timothy McVeigh bombed a federal office building in Oklahoma City in order to demonstrate his displeasure over -America's support of Israel. -George H. W. Bush's involvement in the Persian Gulf war. -the decline of American culture. -the Clinton administration's support of homosexuals in the military. -the federal government's handling of the Branch Davidian crisis.
the federal government's handling of the Branch Davidian crisis.
In 1950, Joseph McCarthy argued that -General Eisenhower should lead a military coup against President Truman. -the United States should seek a peace settlement with the Soviet Union. -UN forces should use the atomic bomb against North Korea. -there were communists working in the American government. -Richard Nixon had been a communist spy during World War II.
there were communists working in the American government
What was the objective of the 1961 Freedom Rides? -to test whether court orders to desegregate public transportation were being upheld. -to show that northern cities were just as racist as those in the south. -to celebrate the end of segregation in the south. -to reveal that women faced as much mistreatment as blacks. -to see if blacks in the south would support the integration of transportation.
to test whether court orders to desegregate public transportation were being upheld.
The Beats were a group of -boxers, led by Muhammad Ali, who boycotted service in the Vietnam War. -supporters of Joseph McCarthy who looked for communists in the government. -black intellectuals who called for the abandonment of civil disobedience. -writers who challenged the conformity of the 1950s. -musicians who sought to integrate the beat of folk and gospel music.
writers who challenged the conformity of the 1950s.