American Sign Language 1 Semester 1 Final
The term "Hearing-Impaired" is interchangeable with "Hard of Hearing."
False
Which country is said to have had the first organized Deaf school?
France
What was the first institution to confer college degrees to deaf individuals?
Gallaudet College
What development in the history of sign language happened after Dr. Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet studied methods for teaching the Deaf?
He and Dr. Mason Cogswell founded a school for the Deaf.
What is one way that ASL differs from spoken or written English?
It has different word order and grammar than spoken or written English.
What benefit does Deaf culture offer to the Deaf community?
It involves a separate space for Deaf people to pass on their traditions.
Which two letters of the American Manual Alphabet require you to move your hand to "draw" the shape of the letter?
J and Z
Sign language speakers communicate using the movement of their fingers and hands, as well as their gestures and facial expressions.
True
The capitalized descriptor for a Deaf person is derived from the "Deaf Community," which is a proper noun.
True
The more you know about Deaf history, the better you can understand Deaf culture today.
True
The sign for "married" works for both opposite-sex and same-sex couples
True
The term "ASL" can be either signed through fingerspelling or with a complete sign for "ASL" that does not involve spelling each letter.
True
The term "deaf" (or "Deaf") can be used both as a condition and as a proper noun.
True
non-verbal cues
communication through facial expression, body movement, posture, how close you are, though, or how you appear
profound deafness
condition where someone cannot perceive any sound with their ears
negation
denial or absence of something
All Americans share the same culture, regardless of region, state, beliefs, behaviors and traditions.
false
Most Deaf people have no functional use of their vocal cords at all.
false
To avoid confusion from the listener, all ASL speakers must learn to sign with their right hand, no matter which hand is their dominant hand.
false
You want to sign the word "brother," but instead of starting the sign with your hand touching your forehead, you start it with your hand touching your chin. What sign have you made instead of "brother"?
sister
Which of the following describes the extent to which many families with Deaf children learn ASL?
some families with Deaf children become fluent in ASL, but many do not
personification
taking a verb or nouse in ASL and add the 'person ending' to make it a word to describe a person
What did early Christians believe about deaf children?
that they showed God's anger at the sins of their parents
British Sign Language BSL
the form of sign language used in britain that uses and movements, gestures, body language, and facial expression to communicate
marked handshapes
the more intricate, specific, and less commonly used handshapes in ASL
topic
the subject of the sentence; often first in an ASL sentence
speechreading
the technique of watching a speaker's lips, or facial expression and gestures to understand speech
modulate
to vary the tone, strength, or pitch of one's vocal sounds
Over the years, the deaf community was often able to write their own history from their point of view.
true
Profound Deafness means that the person cannot perceive any sound with their ears.
true
What is the proper way to sign the word "family"?
two "f" handshapes in motion
lipreading
understanding speech by watching a speaker's lip movements
derogatory
unflattering, unkind, and disrespectful
If you were Deaf and met a new Deaf person, which question might they most likely ask you within the first five minutes of conversation?
"Where did you go to school to learn ASL?"
What is another way to think of the signs for "son" and "daughter"?
"male baby" and "female baby"
Manualism refers to the idea that Deaf children should be taught to understand and produce spoken language and sign language at the same time.
False
Most Deaf people have no functional use of their vocal cords at all
False
For approximately 50 years, ASL was banned in most schools for the Deaf.
False
In ASL, the location refers to whether you are signing with your right or left hand.
False
In the non-hearing world, it is not considered rude to interrupt a conversation.
False
What two states were integral in the origins of American Sign Language?
Connecticut and Massachusetts
Which letter(s) is/are used when signing the word "divorced"?
D
sign
an action that conveys meaning
linguistic minority
group of people who communicate in a different language from the majority of people around them
What is similar about the signs for "husband" and "wife"?
they both end with hands clasped
ASL stemmed from combining which two dialects of signs
NOT Signs codified by the National Association of the Deaf and Dr. Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet's sign vocabulary
When do we refrain from capitalizing the "d" at the beginning of "deaf"?
NOT when talking about a singular deaf person, rather than a group of people who all experience deafness
If you are crossing your fingers in the hope that something desirable will happen, which letter of the American Manual Alphabet are you making?
R
Which of the following people would fall into the category of "Hard of Hearing"?
Sarah, who has mild hearing loss and communicates through both sign language and spoken language
What is similar about the signs for "Office" and "Classroom"?
They both describe the walls of a room.
Martha's Vineyard Sign Language
a village sign language practiced in a small community on Matha's Vineyard Island where a hereditary form of deafness was common
American Sign Language ASL
a visual language used by Deaf people in the United States and parts of Canada that uses hand shape, movement, and facial expression to convey meaning
location
in a sign, the specific location of the hands in relation to the signer's body
The ASL sign for the number ten resembles which common hand gesture?
thumbs up
Signing the word "engaged" uses the letter "E" handshape.
true
When you go to an event in the Deaf community, it is considered acceptable to speak and sign if you can do both.
False
ASL stemmed from combining which two "dialects" of signs?
French signs and signs that were already used in villages in the United States
common-law
a partner in a marriage by common law, or by mutual agreement and not by a civil or religious ceremony
sign language
a system of communication using visual gestures and signs
unmarked handshapes
also called natural handshapes, the seven basic shapes that are found most commonly across all manual languages world-wide
Home signing would most likely be used in which of the following scenarios?
among Deaf family members who all live on an isolated island
In the hearing world, what is the equivalent of touching another person's hands when having an ASL conversation in the Deaf community?
covering a person's mouth while they are speaking
Which of the following is NOT a cause of hearing loss?
damage to outer part of ear
infectious diseases
diseases cause by an organism entering the body and multiplying
Which of the following items would a Deaf person most likely need to modify in their home?
doorbell
Anna is a new ASL teacher at an elementary school, and this week she is focusing on teaching her students how to use letter signs to spell out words in sign language. What skill is Anna helping her students build?
fingerspelling
What term refers to a form of communication developed by a Deaf person who has no access to learning a sign language?
home sign
You are practicing signing a particular word that is signed by forming both hands into "arches" that touch at the knuckles and "rolling" the arches forward until they are upside down. What is this word?
how
This week, your teacher has been speaking about Deaf culture and communication and has been focusing on eavesdropping in the Deaf community. Which of the following points likely came up during this discussion?
in spoken English, someone may know you are eavesdropping when they see you listening to their conversation, but in the Deaf community someone may know you are eavesdropping if you are looking in their direction while they are in an ASL conversation
oral deaf
people with hearing loss or deafness who communicate predominantly by verbal/auditory and/or by lipreading
The "mumps" was a common childhood illness before vaccination started in the United States in 1967. Stuart was born in 1940 and never received a vaccination. He ended up contracting mumps as a child and, as a result, is completely unable to perceive any sound through his ears. Which of the following terms most accurately describes Stuart's condition?
profound deafness
wh- question
question that has a word starting with 'wh' in it and requirting more than a yes/no answer
Hard of Hearing
refers to a person who has mild to moderate hearing loss who many communicate through sign language, spoken language, or both
In ASL, whole body posture is often used to convey meaning. For instance, when a person is talking about exhaustion, what might they do with their body?
sag their entire body
eavesdropping
secretly listening to a conversation
When someone is demonstrating signs for others to see, why is it helpful for them to wear solid colored clothing that contrasts with their skin tone?
so that their hands and face stand out
late deafened
someone who has hearing loss that develops later in life
sign language interpreters
specially trained individuals who convey information between Deaf or Hard of Hearing people and hearing people who do not sign
cochlear implants
surgically implanted electronic devices that can give a sense of sound to some poeple with hearing loss
methods debate
the agrument between proponents of oralism and manualism in Deaf education
movement
the distinctive actions of the hands that form words
Deaf Culture
the social beliefs, traditions, art, history, and recreation that occurs among people who are brought together by sign language and influenced by deafness
handshape
the specific position of your hand and fingers used in producting a sign in a signed language
ethnicity
the state of belonging to a social group with a common cultural or nation tradition
manualism
the use of sign language to educate the deaf
American Manual Alphabet
to letters of the Enlish alphabet represented by hand signs, as used in ASL
fingerspelling
using letter signs to spell out a word in sign language
orientation
what direction your pal is facing in a sign
When do we refrain from capitalizing the "d" at the beginning of "deaf"?
when referring to deafness as a physical condition
Which of the following describes the correct way to sign the number 9?
with palm facing outward, extend all fingers and then touch the tips of your pointer finger and thumb together
Which of the following is NOT true about the Deaf community?
Most people in the Deaf community understand their deafness to be a disability and have the expectation that those outside of the community will understand it that way as well.
Which is true about the sign for "single/alone?"
it is made using the number 1
You are practicing the sign "please" with a classmate. Your friend tells you that she thinks you have this sign confused with the sign for "sorry." What mistake in signing did you likely make that would cause her to say that?
you held your hand in a straight position rather than an A position
Which number, when signed, is the first number in the numeric sequence to start the trend of signs that have movement and handshape?
10
In 1984, what poet performed at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf during the Deaf Beat Summit, marking a milestone for the Deaf in public life?
Allen Ginsberg
Which of the following is not an example of an unmarked handshape?
D
Deaf Community
Deaf and Hard of Hearing individuals, as well as their family memebers, and people who work with them, who share a common language, common values, experiences, and ways of interacting
During the recent routine hearing test at school, your friend Sam found out that he is losing some of his hearing because he plays music very loudly while wearing earbuds. After learning this, Sam jokingly said that he was "going deaf." Why is this not the most accurate description of what is going on with his hearing?
Deafness refers to people who have very little or no functional hearing and who often use sign language to communicate; Sam can hear enough to communicate and can produce speech without any difficulty
When learning ASL, what is taught first?
English alphabet
Because facial expressions are so important in ASL, most ASL speakers can detect the meaning of a sentence from your facial expression, even if they don't see the whole sign.
False
In ASL, the correct order to sign the words "Hi, how are you?" is "Hi, you how is?"
False
Numbers 1-5 are signed with the palm facing outward, while 6-10 are signed with the palm facing inward.
False
The sign for "hearing/non-deaf" is very similar to the sign for speak/say/tell.
False
If you were Deaf and met a new Deaf person, which question might they most likely ask you within the first five minutes of conversation?
NOT "Were you born deaf?"
Which of the following scenarios is an example of a couple that falls under "common-law"?
Jody and Mike, who agreed to refer to each other as husband and wife even though they did not have a civil or religious marriage ceremony
Which handshape is the basis for the word "in-law"?
L
What term refers to the use of sign language to educate the Deaf?
Manualism
What is the difference between oralism and manualism?
Oralism involves learning to understand and produce spoken language, while manualism refers to the use of sign language
Which letter signs are produced with the wrist bent downward and fingers extended toward the floor?
P and Q
You and your friend Meredith end up getting onto the topic of ethnicity. She explains that she is from a Native American family, feels strongly tied to her family's background, and is very proud of her ethnicity. Knowing what you know about ethnicity from this unit, what does Meredith likely mean by this?
She feels strongly tied to a certain social group with a common cultural or national tradition.
How do the signs for numbers 1-5 differ from the signs for 6-10?
The signs for 1-5 are made with the palm facing inward, while the signs for 6-10 are made with the palm facing outward.
ASL has a different sentence structure than spoken English.
True
ASL relies heavily on non-verbal cues.
True
Before there was an accepted standard sign language, members of the Deaf community began to develop their own signs at home in order to communicate with one another.
True
In general, Deaf culture is more open about honestly expressing emotion than other cultures.
True
Lowered eyebrows and a slight shrug of the shoulders will indicate that you are asking a question in ASL.
True
When learning sign language, the alphabet is the first thing that is taught.
True
If you take the sign for "V" and extend your ring/fourth finger up, which letter sign have you just created?
W
Which of the following technological tools could likely help a Deaf person in their daily activities?
a FitBit watch that vibrates on a person's wrist when someone calls their cell phone
proper noun
a capitalized word for a particular person, place, or thing
manual deaf
a deaf person who predominantly uses sign language to communitcate; sometimes call signing deaf
proper adjective
a descriptive word derived from a proper noun
home sign
a form of communication developed by a Deaf person who has no access to learning a sign language
non-manual expression
a gesture in ASL by another part of the body that the hands, inlcuding facial expressions, head tilt or not, direction the signer is facing, and mouth shapes
deaf people
individuals with very little or no functional hearing and who often use sign language to communicate
Members of the Deaf community participate in the hearing culture with the help of which two supports?
interpreters and implants or other technology that improves hearing
Which of the following examples illustrates how communicating using sign language compares with communicating using spoken English?
it is considered rude to watch two people who are having a conversation in ASL, while it is somewhat more appropriate to glance at two people who are having a conversation in spoken English
One sign that we learned in this unit begins with the sign for another word we also learned. What are these two words?
learn and student
You are signing the phrase "hard of hearing." What is the first thing you should do?
make the "H" letter shape with one hand
oralism
method of teaching the Deaf by learning to understand and produce spoken language
passive hand
non-dominant hand that acts in a supporting role
genetic
passed down through families
