AMT Block 7
Recovering an aircraft is considered a...
A major repair or alteration
What is a valuable source of general and specific information on fabric and fabric repair that can be used on Form 337 to justify procedures requested for a field approval?
AC 43.13-1B
When selecting a suitable replacement of wood for use in aircraft construction and repair, authorized suitable variations and characteristics of wood can be found in which of the following publicationsSingle choice.
AC 43.13-1B
When inspecting wood for use on aircraft, which reference will provide guidance for selection of acceptable wood.Single choice.
AC 43.13-1B Chapter 1, Table 1-1
What should be applied to rib caps that are not rounded over?
Anti-Chafe tape
Where can instructions concerning tying the correct aircraft knots during the rib lacing process be found?
Both A & B
______________________ failures are indicated by rupture _________________ to wood fibers
Compression / Perpendicular
_________________ ________________ is characterized by high specific gravity
Compression Wood
What type of coating is applied to protect the fabric from UV light?
Fillers
Anti-tear strips need to be utilized under the reinforcement tape when the aircraft Vne speed is?
Over 250 MPH.
What is the difference between plywood and laminated wood
Plywood consists of layers of wood in which the grain of each layer is placed perpendicularly to the previous layer. Laminated wood consists of layers of wood in which the grain is placed parallel to each layer
What additive increases the overall flexibility and life of a coating?
Rejuvenator
Who is responsible for inspecting wooden aircraft structures for deterioration and continuing airworthiness?
The A & P Mechanic
In some instances where water penetration is suspected...
a few screws removed from the area in question may indicate the presence of excessive moisture, if the fasteners are corroded
Splits or cracks in wooden members occur...
along grain lines.
Open assembly time is
the time after spreading the adhesive and before clamping of the parts
"Pot Life" refers to...
the usable life of the adhesive from the time that it is mixed until it must be spread onto the wood surface.
When inspecting a wooden framed, fabric covered aircraft, if a musty or moldy odor is detected it probably an indication that
these odors are indicative of the presence of moisture and associated fungal growth and decay.
When considering grain deviation in a piece of wood which ratio (in inches) is acceptable?
1 : 15
A fabric patch can be used to repair holes not greater than...
1 inch
Grommets are used to create reinforced drain holes in the aircraft fabric, where are they located and what are they made of?
1. At the lowest points on a aircraft 2. Made form Plastic or Aluminum
In order to re-cover an aircraft with material not originally specified what are the three ways this can be accomplished
1. Do the work in accordance with a STC. 2. Do the work after obtaining a one time approval from the FSDO, 3. Manufacturer can secure approval through a TCDS for a new material
Which Appendix to 14 CFR Part 43 outlines which maintenance activities are minor and major repairs?
A
Recovering or repairing aircraft with any type fabric and/or coating other than the type used by the original aircraft manufacturer is considered...
A major alteration
A Major fabric repair needs to be inspected by...
An Airframe and Powerplant Mechanic with an Inspection Authorization
When changing the fabric covering originally specified by the manufacturer to a more modern suitable material, what must first be obtained in order to make the change?
Approval from the FAA
What should be done if If there is any evidence of poor adhesion, cracks in the fabric, or swelling of the wood?
remove the fabric to allow for further inspection
Glued joints used in wooden structures are generally designed to take _____________________ loads
shear
Prior to inspection of wooden framed aircraft...
the aircraft should be kept in a dry, well-ventilated hangar, with all inspection covers, access panels, etc., removed for as long as possible before final inspection
A hole in a fabric covered plywood skin on an aircraft is discovered, this damage can be repaired...
using only a scarf patch
Before covering an aircraft, the airframe must be inspected and approved by an
FAA certificated mechanic with an "A & P" rating or a Repair Station.
Before covering, the airframe must be inspected and approved by...
FAA-certified mechanic or repair station
Lacing cord of the type originally used on organic fabrics are approved for use on polyester fabric coverings
False
How many layers are incorporated in a French fell seam as used in aircraft fabric coverings?
Four
Aircraft with wing loading of 9 lbs per square foot and over should have fabric strength at or above...
Grade A
Which of the following fabrics is no longer available for aircraft covering
Grade A Cotton
Which of the following is used to create reinforced drain holes in aircraft fabric?
Grommets
Which condition indicates a "glue failure"?
If there are fragments of glue on both sides of the failed glued joint
The determining factor(s) for selection of the correct weight of textile fabric to be used when covering any type of aircraft is...
The Speed of the aircraft and the maximum wing loading
What does the term "Bias" refer to in relation to aircraft fabric coverings?
The cut or fold mat at a diagonal angle to the warp
When preparing wood surfaces for bonding.
The mating surfaces should be machined smooth and true with planers, joiners, or special miter saws.
When collecting a fabric sample for strength testing, where on the aircraft should the sample be taken from?
The top of the fuselage or upper portion of a wing or stabilizer
How many layers are incorporated in a folded fell seam as used in aircraft fabric coverings?
Three
Where is fabric anti chafe tape used on fabric covered aircraft?
Used on sharp protrusions, rib caps, metal seams, and other areas to provide a smoother surface to keep the fabric from being torn.
What is the key ingredient in the Poly-Fiber covering system?
Vinyl
The direction along the length of fabric is referred to as...
Warp
which areas of a wood spar shouldn't be spliced?
Wing Attachment Fitting, Landing Gear Fitting Engine Mount Fitting.
When applying the adhesive to two pieces of wood
a satisfactory bonded joint will result if the adhesive is spread in a thin, even layer on both surfaces to be joined.
The dimensional changes that occur when wood splits is
across the fibers and parallel to the growth rings.
When installing a bushing in a wooden structure the bushing should...Single choice.
be slightly short so that when the wood member shrinks the bushings do not protrude and the fittings may be tightened firmly against the member.
What were the original fabric materials used on the first aircraft?
Irish Linen and Cotton
What Technical Standard Order (TSO) outlines the standard performance requirements for aircraft fabric
TSO C-15d
Bond failure is usually caused by...
1. improper fabrication technique 2. prolonged exposure to moisture while in service
How much does polyester fabric shrink at 350 Degrees F
10%
Maximum slope of wood grain allowed is
15:1
The ideal angle for a scarf joint in a solid wood spar is:
15:1
Critical Airflow areas such as the leading edge require how many inches of overlap at the seam?
2-4
Utilizing Figure 2-12 in the AC43.13-1B. Calculate the maximum lace spacing for a wing with a Vne speed of 150 MPH.
2.5" in slipstream and 3.5" outside slipstream.
The moisture content of the wood nominally will have to be _________________ or greater to sustain fungus growth.
20%
Aircraft with a Vne of 135 mph or less are considered to be un-airworthy when the fabric breaking strength has deteriorated to how many pounds
35
Polyester fabric obtains maximum tension on an airframe at...
350 Degrees F
Lacing cord (pre-waxed) shall have a minimum breaking strength of
40 Pounds
Lacing cord used for aircraft fabric must have a minimum breaking strength of
40 lbs
The lifespan of organic fabric coverings such as Linen or Cotton for aircraft is generally
5- 10 years
The ideal range of moisture content in aircraft wood is _________________
8% to 12%
The minimum standards that all fabric must meet to qualify as aircraft covering material may be found:
In TSO-C14b and TSO-C15d
What items are installed to service the aircraft and provide atmospheric relief?
Inspection Rings and drain grommets.
Initial installation of polyester fabric:
Is similar to natural fabric
When inspecting wood structures, If the suspect area feels soft and mushy
It is probably an area of decay/rot and the area should be removed/repaired
What were the driving factors which led to the decline in use of organic fabric aircraft coverings?
Lack of Durability and cost
What are the two main disadvantages of using organic fabrics?
Lack of durability and Flammability
When inspecting a piece of wood for aircraft use, pin knot clusters are discovered, this wood ...
May be used as long as the pin knot clusters do not cause any great deviation in the grain direction
Which of the following is not an FAA approved method of fabric testing?
Mechanical fabric strength testers
The two general types of dope utilized on aircraft are:
Nitrate and Butyrate.
When performing repairs to aircraft fabric:
Nitrate dope should not be applied over butyrate dope.
Aircraft grade plywood usually uses:
Phenol formaldehyde adhesive
When covering an aircraft, where is reinforcing tape most commonly used?
Rib Caps
What is the most effective type of joint used in splicing structural members?
Scarf Joint
When making a splice repair to a wooden structure, what should be used to obtain maximum strength?
Scarf joint
What are two types of "punch" testers used to measure fabric strength
Seyboth, Maule
Glued joints are designed to take ___________________ loads
Shear
The wood used in aircraft construction and repair...
Should be purchased from the aircraft manufacturer, or from someone with a PMA to produce replacement parts for aircraft
Plastic resin glue (urea-formaldehyde resin glue)...
Should be used with caution due to possible rapid deterioration (more rapidly than wood) of plastic resin glue
______________________ is the preferred choice of wood and serves as a standard for the use of other types of woodSingle choice.
Sitka Spruce
In cases of elongated bolt holes in a spar, or cracks in the vicinity of bolt holes what should be done?S
Splice in a new section of spar, or replace the spar entirely.
Which of the following fabric covering system is non-hazardous?
Stewart
When is accelerator used when applying fabric topcoats?
Temperatures below ideal working conditions
Casein Glue...
can support fungus growth
Overheating polyester filaments will
cancel the memory and melt the filaments.
Mineral streaks in wood used for aircraft are acceptable...
careful inspection reveals that there is no decay present
Non uniform clamping pressure when joining wood structures...
commonly results in weak and strong areas in the same joint.
Casein adhesives
deteriorate over the years after exposure to moisture in the air and temperature variations
Satisfactory glue joints in aircraft should develop the ________________ of the wood under all conditions of _______________________
full strength / stress
Pin knot clusters in a piece of wood are acceptable...Single choice.
if they are small clusters and produce only a small effect on grain direction.
Dark discoloration or gray stains running along the grain of wood structures
indicate that water penetration may have taken place
When preparing wood for bonding a "wetting" test is used...
means of detecting the presence of wax, old adhesive, and finish
Decayed portions of an aircraft structure...
must be removed and or repaired
When gluing aircraft structures, the gluing should take place...
n environments at temperatures above 70 degrees Fahrenheit
Prior to bonding wood surfaces that have been planed,or mitered to a smooth finish, the surfaces should:
not be smoothed with sandpaper
Wood is a _________________ material
organic