ANAT- Final Review #3
Inability to control eyeball movement may indicate damage to which cranial nerve(s)? 1. Trochlear IV 2. Optic II 3. Oculomotor III 4. Trigeminal V 5. Abducens VI A. 1,2,3,4,5 B. 2,3,4,5 C. 1,2,4 D. 1,3,5
D. 1,3,5 (Trochlear IV, oculomotor III, abducens VI)
The dorsal root ganglion contains... A. Cell bodies of sensory neurons B. Cell bodies or motor neurons C. Spinal nerves D. Cranial nerves E. All of the above
A. Cell bodies of sensory neurons
In the circulation of CSF, where would it go immediately after leaving the third ventricle? A. Cerebral (midbrain) aqueduct B. Second ventricle C. Ventricular foramen D. Fourth ventricle E. Lateral aperature
A. Cerebral (midbrain) aqueduct
Loss of taste in the anterior region of the tongue may be an indication of damage to which cranial nerve? A. Facial VII B. Trigeminal V C. Glossopharyngeal IX D. Vagus X
A. Facial VII
Select the best description of the oligodendrocytes: A. Form myelin sheath in the central nervous system B. Help maintain the blood-brain barrier C. Form myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system D. Surround neurons in PNS ganglia
A. Form myelin sheath in the central nervous system
The regions of the brain stem involved in the control of respiration are the A. Medulla and pons B. Pons and midbrain C. Midbrain and medulla D. Midbrain, pons, and medulla
A. Medulla and pons
Which of the following could serve as an effector for a somatic reflex? A. Skeletal muscle B. Smooth or cardiac muscle C. Gland D. All of these choices
A. Skeletal muscle
The absolute minimum number of neurons that can be involved in a reflex is/are: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. No minimum
B. 2
The central nervous system contains which of the following? A. Brain and spinal nerves B. Brain and spinal cord C. Spinal cord and spinal nerves D. Brain and cranial nerves E. Cranial nerves, brain, and spinal cord
B. Brain and spinal cord
The corpus callosum allows information to travel between cerebral hemispheres. Therefore the corpus callosum contains _____ tracts. A. Association B. Commissural C. Projection D. All of these choices
B. Commissural
Which of the following would best describe the pathway of light through the eye? A. Lens, cornea, vitreous humor, aqueous humor B. Cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor C. Lens, vitreous humor, aqueous humor, cornea D. Lens, aqueous humor, cornea, vitreous humor E. Cornea, vitreous humor, lens, aqueous humor
B. Cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
_____ (or motor) impulses travel from the _____ to the _____ (muscles or glands). A. Efferent, effectors, central nervous system B. Efferent, central nervous system, effectors C. Afferent, central nervous system, effectors D. Afferent, effectors, central nervous system
B. Efferent, central nervous system, effectors
Which of the following types of cells is the first to receive a light ray as it travels through the retina? A. Bipolar cell B. Ganglion cell C. Pigmented epithelium D. Photoreceptor cell
B. Ganglion cell
Blockage of the canal of Schlemm might result in which of the following? A. Pink eye B. Glaucoma C. Conjunctivitis D. A cataract E. A stye
B. Glaucoma
In what part of the brain would you find the hippocampus? A. Thalamus B. Limbic system C. Hypothalus D. Cerebellum
B. Limbic system
The brain stem consists of the following from superior to inferior: A. Pons, midbrain, cerebellum B. Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata C. Pons, midbrain, hypothalamus D. Hypothalamus, midbrain, pons E. Thalamus, hypothalamus, pons
B. Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
Diverging circuits allow for transmission of nerve impulses from _____ neuron(s) to _____ neuron(s). A. Several, one B. One, several C. Unipolar, multipolar D. Multipolar, unipolar
B. One, several
Which of the following is not a basal nuclei structure? A. Caudate nucleus B. Red nucleus C. Putamen D. Globus pallidus
B. Red nucleus
Which of the following is responsible for myelination of PNS axons? A. Satellite cells B. Schwann cells C. Oligodendrocytes D. Microglia E. Astrocytes
B. Schwann cells
The cranial nerves containing neurons of the gustatory pathways are: 1. Facial (VII) nerve 2. Vagus (X) nerve 3. Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve 4. Trigeminal (V) nerve 5. Abducens (VI) nerve A. 1,3,5 B. 2,3,4 C. 1,2,3 D. 1,4,5
C. 1,2,3 (Facial VII, vagus X, glossopharyngeal IX)
Choroid plexus are found in... A. The lateral ventricles B. The third and fourth ventricles C. Both A & B D. None of the above
C. Both A & B (The lateral ventricles, and the third and fourth ventricles)
Gustatory cells are stimulated by: A. The movement of otoliths B. Stretch signals C. Chemicals in solution D. Light E. Air movement past hair cells in nares
C. Chemicals in solution
Which of the following would not be a cause of conduction deafness? A. Ear wax B. Degeneration of ossicles C. Chemicals in solution D. Ruptured tympanic membrane E. All of the above
C. Chemicals in solution
What part of the brain has been referred to as the "emotional-visceral brain"? A. Amygdala alone B. Basal nuclei C. Limbic system D. Red nucleus E. Hypothalamus alone
C. Limbic system
Cranial nerve IV is... A. Sensory for sight B. Motor for olfaction C. Motor for eye movement D. Sensory for olfaction E. Motor to muscles of mastication
C. Motor for eye movement
Which of the following is not an example of neuroglia found in the CNS? A. Astrocytes B. Oligodendrocytes C. Satellite cells D. Ependymal cells
C. Satellite cells
Which of the following convey information from the central nervous system (CNS) to skeletal muscles only? A. Sympathetic motor neurons B. Parasympathetic motor neurons C. Somatic motor neurons D. Afferent motor neurons
C. Somatic motor neurons
Which of the following control head and neck movements in response to visual stimuli? A. Raphae nucleus B. Occipital lobe C. Superior colliculus D. Inferior colliculus E. Substantia nigra
C. Superior colliculus
The main function of rods is: A. Depth perception B. Color vision C. Vision in dim light D. Refraction E. Accommodation for near vision
C. Vision in dim light
In what order do the following structures vibrate as sound is transmitted? 1. Stapes 2. Tympanic membrane 3. Oval window 4. Incus 5. Malleus A. 5,1,4,2,3 B. 3,4,5,1,2 C. 2,1,5,4,3 D. 2,5,4,1,3
D. 2,5,4,1,3 (Tympanic membrane, malleus, incus, stapes, oval window)
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there? A. 32 B. 30 C. 24 D. 31 E. 26
D. 31
A depression on the surface of the cortex is called a: A. Sulcus B. Fissure C. Gyrus D. A & B E. B & C
D. A & B (Sulcus and fissure)
The most numerous of the neuroglia are... A. Microglia B. Schwann cells C. Oligodendrocytes D. Astrocytes E. Ependymal cells
D. Astrocytes
The crossing over of motor axons to activate muscle on the opposite side of the body in relationship to the cerebral cortex occurs at which of the following regions? A. Medial lemniscus B. Red nucleus C. Globus pallidus D. Decussation of the pyramids
D. Decussation of the pyramids
A _____ refers to a small mass of nervous tissue, consisting primarily of neuron cell bodies, outside of the brain and spinal cord. A. Nucleus B. Nerve C. Tract D. Ganglion
D. Ganglion
The receptors for hearing in the inner ear are called: A. Crista ampullaris B. Maculae C. Otoliths D. Hair cells E. Endolymph
D. Hair cells
Cranial nerve I is... A. Sensory for sight B. Motor for olfaction C. Motor for eye movement D. Sensory for olfaction E. Motor for muscles of mastication
D. Sensory for olfaction
T/F- All segments of the spinal cord contain lateral, posterior (dorsal), and anterior (ventral) gray horns
False
T/F- Dendrites transmit impulses away from the cell body
False
T/F- Groups of nerve fibers that are entirely sensory in function are called ventral roots
False
T/F- Neurons that originate in the central nervous system and that function to carry information to smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscle are efferent (motor) neurons
False
T/F- The auditory (vestibulocochlear) nerve is a mixed nerve
False
T/F- The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is classified as a subdivision of the CNS
False
T/F- The filum terminale is an extension of the dura mater
False
T/F- The organ for hearing is located in the vestibule
False
T/F- The point of greatest visual acuity is the optic disc
False
T/F- The vestibular apparatus consists of the organs responsible for hearing and equilibrium
False
T/F- Afferent neurons transmit impulses from the periphery to the CNS
True
T/F- Ascending tracts carry sensory information to the brain
True
T/F- CSF circulates in the ventricles of the brain and in the sub-arachnoid space outside the brain
True
T/F- Cranial nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system
True
T/F- Ganglia are small masses of nervous tissue (usually neuronal cell bodies) that are located outside of the CNS
True
T/F- Increased intraoccular pressure is called glaucoma
True
T/F- Perineurium is deep to the epineurium
True
T/F- The "white of the eye" is the sclera
True
T/F- The bony labyrinth contains perilymph; the membranous labyrinth contains endolymph
True
T/F- The denticulate ligaments and the filum terminale are both structures that help to anchor the spinal cord and protect it against sudden displacement
True
T/F- The medullary olives aid in relaying sensory impulse associated with olfaction to the cerebral cortex
True
T/F- The sense of olfaction is relayed to cranial nerve 1, the olfactory nerve
True
T/F- The two primary parts of the diencephalon are the thalamus and the hypothalamus
True