Anatomy and Physiology Exam 1 (SuperExam)

All of the following terms relate to lipids. Which does not belong with the other four?

?????? not bile salts

An electrolyte is

???????????a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution.

Nails

?????????protect the ends of digits.

DNA

?????contains the sugar deoxyribose

If you accidentally cut your arm and see adipose tissue, which layer(s) was/were cut?

Subcutaneous, dermis, stratum corneum, stratum basale (ALL OF THE CHOICES ARE CORRECT)

The epidermal layer found only in thick skin is

stratum lucidum

What is the permeability barrier that joins the plasma membranes of adjacent cells to form a tight seal?

tight junction

Which type of cell forms bone?

osteoblast

Phospholipids have a hydrophilic end which is

polar and water soluble

Hydrogen bonds form between molecules containing _________ bonds; the hydrogen bond is between a hydrogen atomof one molecule and a partially_________ charged atom of another.

polar covalent; negatively

A term that means "toward the attached end of a limb" is __________.

proximal

Which of the following is correctly matched with its description?

???? not axon

The extracellular matrix of connective tissue contains

???? proteoglycans

Which type of gland discharges fragments of the gland's cells during secretion?

Apocrine

Which of the following type of connective tissue is mismatched with its matrix? Bone-highly vascular Bone-mineralized matrix Cartilage-highly vascular matrix Areolar-loosely packed matrix of protein fibers Blood- fluid matrix

Cartilage-highly vascular matrix

Which of the following is an inflammatory condition of the skin?

Dermatitis

Which type of gland does not have ducts?

Endocrine

Which term is synonymous with the cuticle of the nail?

Eponychium

True or False? Dense irregular collagenous connective tissue that forms during tissue repair is called granulation tissue.

False

In the process of tissue repair, which of the events listed below occurs last?

Granulation tissue develops

Which durable protein is found in the nails, hair, and epidermis?

Keratin

The dermis contains receptors that detect which of the following sections? (Check all that apply.)

Pain Changes in pressure Variations in temperature Touch

In __________, the new cells are the same type as those that were destroyed.

Regeneration

Glands whose ducts have no branches are called __________.

Simple

This stratum contains many layers of dead squamous cells.

Stratum Corneum

Which layer of the epidermis is found only in a few areas of the body?

Stratum lucidum

The femoral region is the

Thigh

Which vitamin begins its synthesis in the skin when the skin is exposed to ultraviolet light?

Vitamin D

Melanin is

absent in individuals with albinism

eccrine sweat glands

aid in cooling the body

Body odor results from secretions from the __________ sweat glands.

apocrine

Which type of cell has abundant mitochondria

cardiac muscle cells (require large amounts of ATP)

The structural and functional unit of all living organisms is the __________.

cell

A connective tissue fiber refers to a __________ and a muscle fiber refers to a __________

complex of macromolecules; entire cell

The nucleus of a cell functions to

control and coordinate cellular activities.

"Cutting off your nose" would be a section in the ________ plane

coronal

The outer surface of the hair is called the __________.

cuticle

What is a disc-shaped structure with especially adhesive glycoproteins around each cell that bind cells to one another?

desmosomes

When ionic compounds dissolve in water, their ions

dissociate or separate from one another

Covalent bonds form when

electrons are shared between two atoms

This layer of skin is composed of keratinocytes.

epidermis

A slight sunburn is an example of a ______ burn.

first degree

Phospholipids are

found in plasma membranes.

Which type of burn involves damage to the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue?

full thickness ?????????

In reference to the body temperature in living organisms, the set point can be defined as the

ideal normal value

Reticular tissue is found in

lymphatic organs

Cytoplasm is found

outside the nucleus but inside the plasma membrane.

The main components of the plasma membrane are

proteins, lipids, carbohydrates

Suturing a large wound

reduces risk of infection and helps to heal faster.

A vertical plane that separates the body into right and left portions is called a _____ plane.

sagittal

Which type of epithelial tissue is found in the stomach?

simple columnar epithelium

The pleural cavity is the

space located between the visceral and parietal pleura???????????????? not serous membrane that covers lungs

An epithelial tissue has multiple layers, flat and irregular cell shape, dead outer layers of cell, and keratin present in some cells. This is

stratified keratinized squamous epithelium.

The epidermal stratum that is composed of several layers of living cells held together by desmosomes is the ________

stratum spinosum

Touch receptors of the skin are located in all of these areas, except

within the hair of the dermis and epidermis