Anatomy and Physiology Unit 1

The navel is located in the ____ region of the abdominopelvic cavity.

umbilical

The abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities are subdivisions of the ____ cavity.

ventral

The two major body cavities are ____ and ____.

ventral; dorsal

The abdominopelvic cavity has ____ quadrants and ____ regions.

4; 9

The dorsal body cavity houses the ____.

brain and spinal cord

The hypogastric (pubic) region is ____ to the umbilical region.

inferior

The thoracic cavity is ____ to the abdominopelvic cavity.

superior

Which of the following is considered a normal body temperature?

37 degrees celsius

Normal human body temperature is ____° C (or ____° F).

37; 98

Jerome plays football and recently broke a bone in the tarsal region. This region is in the ____.

Ankle

The armpit area is called the ____ region.

Axillary

The heart and blood vessels are the primary organs of the ____ system.

Cardiovascular

The region that refers to the fingers and toes is the ____.

Digital region

When correctly situated in anatomical position, where are your feet in relation to your knees?

Distal

The orbital cavities house the ____.

Eyes

When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing ____.

Forward

The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as ____.

Homeostasis

The 11 organ systems are:

Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive.

The central region of the thoracic cavity containing the heart is called the ____.

Mediastinum

____ refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body.

Metabolism

The skeletal muscles that contract and shorten to move the bones form the ____ system.

Muscular

A structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body is a(n) ____.

Organ

Which of these body regions is located on the inferior body surface?

Plantar

All living organisms share the following characteristics:

Responsiveness, Growth, Reproduction, Movement, and Metabolism.

Which body cavity is part of the dorsal cavity?

Spinal cavity

The net effect of the effector is to shut off the original ____, or reduce its intensity, during the negative feedback mechanism to restore homeostasis.

Stimulus

Homeostasis maintains stable internal conditions like:

Temperature, ionic concentrations, and blood sugar levels.

In reference to the relationship between the patellar and popliteal regions, which of the following statements is correct?

The patellar region is anterior to the popliteal region.

The lungs and heart are situated in the ____ body cavity.

Thoracic

Which survival need accounts for 60 to 80 percent of body weight?

Water

Sudie works as an administrative assistant and has developed carpal tunnel syndrome. What part of her body is affected?

Wrist

The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another is called ____.

anatomy

Ventral is a directional term synonymous with ____ in humans.

anterior

Which of the following orientation and directional terms have the same meaning (in humans)?

anterior and ventral

The building blocks of ALL matter are known as ____.

atoms

Which of the following is the correct sequence, going from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body?

chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organ system level, organismal level

Which two organ systems include the pancreas?

digestive and endocrine

What are two organ systems that are involved in the excretion of wastes from the body?

digestive and urinary

The ____ system rids the body of indigestible food residue in feces while the ____ system removes nitrogen-containing metabolic waste in urine.

digestive; urinary

The cranial and spinal cavities are subdivisions of the ____ cavity.

dorsal

The vertebral region is ____ to the sternal region.

dorsal (posterior)

The component of a control system that provides the means for the control center's response (output) is called the ____.

effector

The system that controls and coordinates the body through hormones is the ____.

endocrine system

Which region is medial?

epigastric region

Which set of regions in the abdominopelvic cavity is medial?

epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric (pubic) regions

The major organs of the cardiovascular system are the ____.

heart and blood vessels

The right and left iliac (inguinal) regions are lateral to the ____ region.

hypogastric (pubic)

Which system covers the external surface of the body and protects deeper tissues?

integumentary system

Positive feedback systems ____.

involve blood clotting and the birthing of a baby, and operate in such a way that the initial stimulus is enhanced and increases

The epigastric region is ____ to the right hypochondriac region of the abdominopelvic cavity.

medial

Which orientation and directional term means toward the midline of the body?

medial

The surgeon asked the surgical technician to help create an opening in the chest during open heart surgery along a plane that equally separated the right and left halves of the thoracic cavity. This section is known as a(n) ____.

median (midsagittal) section

Which of the following systems is matched most accurately to the life function it provides?

nervous system - responsiveness

Which of the following activities represents a physiological study?

observing how the heart contracts to pump blood

Which of these regions is NOT associated with the ventral (anterior) portion of the head?

occipital

Which region is associated with the lower limb?

popliteal

Which of the following elements of a control system detects a change?

receptor

Which of the following is the correct order of elements in a control system?

receptor, stimulus, afferent pathway, control center, efferent pathway, effector, response

What is the major function of the lymphatic system?

return leaked fluids back to the cardiovascular system

The majority of the liver and the gallbladder are situated in the ____ region of the abdominopelvic cavity.

right hypochondriac

The muscular system consists of the ____.

skeletal muscles and the muscles of the heart

The femoral region is ____ to the crural region.

superior (proximal)

The main function of the respiratory system is to ____.

supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

Which cavity houses the mediastinum?

thoracic

Which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

transverse

The diaphragm creates a ____ section between the thoracic and abdominal body cavities.

transverse (cross)