Anatomy Chap 7

Muscles that insert on the olecranon process of the ulna probably act to?

Extend the forearm

When energy reserves in a muscle are exhausted or lactic acid levels increase?

Fatigue occurs

The origin of the frontails muscle is the?

Galea Aponeurotica

Interactions between actin and myosin filaments of the sarcomere are responsible for

Muscle contraction

The advantage of having many nuclei in a skeletal muscle fiber?

The ability to produce large amounts of enzymes and structural proteins needed for contraction.

What is the function of the transverse tubule?

To transmit muscle impulses to the cell's interior

The complex known as the triad consists of

Transverse tubule and terminal cisternae

The command to contract is distributed throughout a muscle fiber by the

Transverse tubules

At rest, active sites on the actin are blocked by

Tropomyosin molecules

When a calcium ion blinds to troponin?

Tropomyosin moves out of the groove between the actin molecules

At rest, the tropomyosin molecule is held in place by

Troponin molecules

The all-or-none response means that

When a muscle fiber contracts, it contracts completely

The area of the sarcomere containing the thick filaments is the

A band

A muscle cramp is most likely due to lack of

ATP

Creatine phosphate?

Acts as an energy reserve in muscle tissue

A resting muscle generates most of its ATP by?

Aerobic respiration

Which of the following is (are) a function of skeletal muscle?

All of the above

Each of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action EXCEPT one. Indentify the exception.

Buccinator

The area of the sarcomere that contains only thin filaments is the

C band

The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores

Calcium ions

In response to action potentials arriving from the transverse tubules, the sarcoplasmic reticulum releases

Calcium ions.

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of cardiac muscle?

Cardiac muscles are not striated

Muscles ending in the suffix -costal would be found in the?

Chest

Fast fibers?

Contract quickly

Compared to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle?

Contracts and relaxes more slowly

The delicate connective tissue that surrounds the skeletal muscle fibers and ties adjacent muscle fibers together is the?

Endomysium

Myofibrils are made of primarily of?

Epimyosin

During activities requiring aerobic endurance, ?

Glycogen and glycolysis are the primarily sources of reserve energy

Skeletal muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that these muscle fibers?

Have many nuclei

The more movable end of a muscle is the?

Insertion

Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during the __ phase of contraction.

Latent

A muscle that inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus is most likely involved in?

Lateral rotation

Which of the following is NOT a muscle of mastication?

Mentails

At the neuromuscular junction, the muscle fiber membrane is folded to form a?

Motor end plate

Neurotransmitters that cause skeletal muscle contraction are normally stored in

Motor neuron endings

An example of partial but sustained contraction would be

Muscle tone

Multi-unit smooth muscle?

None of the above

The "kissing muscle" that purses the lips is the?

Orbicularis oris

The amount of oxygen needed to support the conversion of lactic acid to glycogen is called the

Oxygen debt

Which of the following inserts into fascia, rather than a bone?

Palmaris longus

Nerves and blood vessels that service the muscle fibers are located in the connective tissues of the?

Perimysium

The smooth but steady increase in muscle tension produced by increasing the number of active motor units is called?

Recruitment

Which of the following is NOT true when comparing red and white muscle fibers?

Red muscles have fewer mitochondria than white muscles

Activities that require anaerobic endurance?

Require maximal contraction of muscles for short periods of time

The functional unit of skeletal muscle is the

Sacromere

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from?

Sacromere arrangement

The cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle fiber is called the

Sacroplasm

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

Skeletal muscles are responsible for pumping action of the heart.

Non-striated, involuntary muscle is?

Smooth

Creatine phosphate serves to

Supply energy to synthesize ATP

The space between the neuron and the muscle is the?

Synaptic cleft

The ___ contains vesicles filled with acetylcholine

Synaptic knob

The enzyme acetlycholinesterase causes acetylcholine to

decompose