Anatomy Chapter 08

12) Damage to a joint so that it is slightly out of its normal position is called a ________. A) luxation B) subluxation C) complete dislocation D) separation E) strain

: B

16) An example of angular motion away from the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane is ________. A) flexion B) abduction C) extension D) rotation E) adduction

: B

18) Pronation and supination occur at a/the ________. A) humeroulnar joint B) radioulnar joint C) temporomandibular joint D) glenohumeral joint E) tibiofibular joint

: B

21) The first carpometacarpal joint is an example of a/an ________. A) hinge joint B) ellipsoid joint C) pivot joint D) gliding joint E) saddle joint

: E

24) The temporomandibular joint is ________. A) amphiarthrotic B) a symphysis C) a gliding joint D) actually made up of three separate joints E) primarily a hinge joint

: E

10) The type of joint formed by the joining of the diaphysis and each epiphysis is called a ________. A) gomphosis B) synchondrosis C) synostosis D) symphysis E) suture

: B

14) Movement of joints may occur along how many possible axes of motion? A) three B) two C) one D) five E) four

: A

11) Which of the following is a function of synovial fluid? A) acts as a shock absorber B) prevents movement C) channels the flow of blood D) restricts joint movement E) strengthens and reinforces the joint

: A

12) The ________ crosses the acetabular notch in the hip joint. A) transverse acetabular ligament B) iliofemoral ligament C) acetabular labrum D) pubofemoral ligament E) ischiofemoral ligament

: A

27) During a shoulder separation injury, which of the following structures is most likely to be damaged? A) acromioclavicular ligament B) coracohumeral ligament C) coracoacromial ligament D) sternoclavicular ligament E) None of the answers are correct.

: A

3) A fibrous joint that holds skull bones together is called (a) ________. A) suture B) gomphosis C) synchondrosis D) synostosis E) None of the answers are correct.

: A

39) Which of the following fractures are among the most dangerous seen in elderly people? A) hip fractures B) knee fractures C) elbow fractures D) ankle fractures E) wrist fractures

: A

10) The movement made at the proximal radioulnar joint when turning the palm of the hand upward is called ________. A) extension B) supination C) flexion D) retraction E) pronation

: B

5) An accessory structure of a joint that may subdivide a synovial cavity, channel the flow of synovial fluid, or allow for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces is a ________. A) ligament B) bursa C) meniscus D) fat pad E) tendon

: C

7) The ________ connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae within the vertebral arch. A) supraspinous ligament B) posterior longitudinal ligament C) ligamentum flavum D) interspinous ligament E) anterior longitudinal ligament

: C

13) Small, synovial fluid-filled pockets in connective tissue are called ________. A) tendons B) intrinsic ligaments C) fat pads D) bursae E) extrinsic ligaments

: D

16) Arthritis always involves damage to (the) ________. A) bony tissue B) bursae C) ligaments D) articular cartilages E) tendon sheaths

: D

6) The insertion of the ________ (an extracapsular structure of the temporomandibular joint) covers the posterior portion of the mylohyoid line. A) lateral ligament B) temporomandibular ligament C) geniohyoid ligament D) sphenomandibular ligament E) stylomandibular ligament

: D

7) Which of the following associations is most accurate? A) synarthroses—slightly movable B) amphiarthroses—freely movable C) diarthroses—immovable D) diarthroses—synovial E) gomphoses—slightly movable

: D

8) The ________ extends between the greater and lesser tubercles and holds the long head of the biceps brachii muscle against the humerus. A) coracoclavicular ligament B) acromioclavicular ligament C) glenohumeral ligament D) transverse humeral ligament E) coracoacromial ligament

: D

8) Which of the following is a classification of a joint in which the bones are separated by fibrous cartilage? A) ball and socket B) gliding C) pivot D) symphysis E) hinge

: D

17) Movement in the anterior-posterior plane that reduces the angle between the articulating elements is ________. A) abduction B) adduction C) extension D) rotation E) flexion

: E

2) The ribs and wrist are ________ joints. A) nonaxial B) monoaxial C) triaxial D) quadaxial E) biaxial

: E

26) Joints between the superior and inferior articulating facets of adjacent vertebrae are called ________. A) symphyses B) gomphoses C) synostoses D) syndesmoses E) zygapophysial joints

: E

32) Which of the following is an intracapsular ligament that stabilizes the hip joint, and tenses only when the thigh is flexed and undergoing external rotation? A) the iliofemoral ligament B) the pubofemoral ligament C) the ischiofemoral ligament D) the transverse acetabular ligament E) the ligament of the femoral head

: E

37) Structures that compose the ankle joint include ________. A) the distal articular surface of the tibia B) the medial malleolus C) the lateral malleolus of the fibula D) the trochlea and lateral articular facets of the talus E) All of the answers are correct.

: E

2) The sphenomandibular ligament attaches the styloid process to the mandibular ramus.

: FALSE

3) Accessory structures found around the joint periphery, which provide packing material and fill spaces created when the joint cavity changes shape, are called ________. A) fat pads B) menisci C) bursae D) tendons E) ligaments

: A

4) A cartilaginous joint that permits slight movement is (a) ________. A) symphysis B) synovial joint C) synostosis D) synchondrosis E) gomphosis

: A

9) A dislocation, in which the articulating surfaces of a joint are forced entirely out of position, is called (a) ________. A) luxation B) subluxation C) congenital abnormality D) symphysis E) fracture

: A

9) At the humeroradial joint, the ________ articulates with the head of the radius. A) capitulum B) greater tubercle C) glenoid labrum D) lesser tubercle E) trochlea

: A

15) The major weight-bearing articulation of the ankle is the ________ joint. A) tibiocalcaneal B) tibiotalar C) tibiofibular D) fibulocuboidal E) fibulotalar

: B

20) What movement occurs when the vertebral column bends to the side? A) flexion B) lateral flexion C) abduction D) elevation E) adduction

: B

22) A joint that allows only rotational movements is called a ________. A) circumductive joint B) pivot joint C) gliding joint D) pronation joint E) ball and socket

: B

28) Which structure(s), firmly attached to the superior border of the manubrium, prevents dislocation when the shoulder is depressed? A) glenoid labrum B) interclavicular ligament C) anterior sternoclavicular ligament D) costoclavicular ligament E) glenohumeral ligament

: B

29) The joint that permits the greatest range of motion in the entire body is the ________. A) hip B) shoulder C) knee D) elbow E) neck

: B

34) Which of the knee structures function(s) to reinforce the medial and lateral surfaces of the joint, tighten only at full extension of the joint, and act to stabilize the joint? A) patellar ligament B) tibial and fibular collateral ligaments C) popliteal ligaments D) anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments E) iliofemoral ligament

: B

5) The atlanto-axial joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint. A) gliding B) pivot C) saddle D) ellipsoid E) hinge

: B

6) The structure that surrounds a diarthrotic joint is called (a) ________. A) meniscus B) joint capsule C) synovial membrane D) bursa E) fat pad

: B

1) A joint that permits free movement is called ________. A) a synarthrosis B) a synostosis C) a diarthrosis D) a synchondrosis E) an amphiarthrosis

: C

14) The superficial ________ reinforce(s) the back of the knee joint. A) anterior cruciate ligament B) patellar ligaments C) popliteal ligaments D) medial collateral ligament E) posterior cruciate ligament

: C

15) Which of the following associations describes the shoulder joint? A) uniaxial—hinge B) biaxial—condyloid C) triaxial—ball and socket D) monaxial—hinge E) None of the answers are correct.

: C

19) Which of the following is an example of angular motion? A) depression B) protraction C) extension D) eversion E) opposition

: C

2) Which of the following is the correct classification for the distal articulation between the tibia and fibula, and the interosseous membrane between the radius and ulna? A) gomphosis B) suture C) syndesmosis D) synchondrosis E) synostosis

: C

23) Intercarpal joints are ________. A) ellipsoidal joints B) hinge joints C) gliding joints D) ball and socket joints E) None of the answers are correct.

: C

25) The condition called ________ may occur under severe compression, when the nucleus pulposus breaks through the annulus fibrosus. A) rheumatoid arthritis B) rheumatism C) herniated disc D) a sprain E) None of the answers are correct.

: C

31) Which structure(s) connects the distal radius to the anterior surfaces of the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum? A) dorsal radiocarpal ligament B) ulnar collateral ligament C) palmar radiocarpal ligament D) radial collateral ligament E) intercarpal ligament

: C

38) Which of the following are synovial plane joints in the foot that permit flexion/extension and abduction/adduction? A) intertarsal joints B) tarsometatarsal joints C) metatarsophalangeal joints D) interphalangeal joints E) None of the answers are correct.

: C

4) The movement of the clavicles, which occurs when one's arms are crossed across the chest, is called ________. A) flexion B) opposition C) retraction D) protraction E) extension

: C

30) Which ligament is often injured as a result of the repetitive, high-velocity motions involved in throwing? A) radial collateral ligament B) annular ligament C) transverse humeral ligament D) ulnar collateral ligament E) coracoacromial ligament

: D

33) The knee joint differs from other large, complex synovial joints of the body in which of the following features? A) It is a hinge joint. B) It is reinforced by ligaments. C) It is rarely dislocated. D) It is composed of two joints within a complex synovial capsule. E) The knee joint does not differ from other joints.

: D

35) The cruciate ligaments attach to the ________ of the tibia. A) condyles B) epicondyles C) anterior tuberosity D) intercondylar area E) linea aspera

: D

36) Which structure(s) is/are attached to the anterior surface of the tibia? A) tibial collateral ligament B) popliteal ligament C) anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments D) patellar ligament E) fibular collateral ligament

: D

8.2 Multiple Choice Questions Part II 1) A specialized form of fibrous synarthrosis that binds each tooth to the surrounding bony socket is a(n) ________. A) syndesmosis B) symphysis C) synchondrosis D) gomphosis E) synostosis

: D

11) The metacarpophalangeal joints are ________ joints. A) saddle B) plane C) hinge D) gliding E) condylar

: E

13) ________ of the knee is preceded by unlocking of the knee. A) Extension B) Protraction C) Opposition D) Retraction E) Flexion

: E

5) A ligament that originates at the base of the coracoid process and inserts on the head of the humerus is the acromioclavicular ligament.

: FALSE

8) The radial collateral ligament extends from the styloid process of the radius to the medial surface of the scaphoid.

: FALSE

9) Turn soles inward is called dorsiflexion.

: FALSE

10) One special movement of the thumb is called reposition.

: TRUE

3) The temporomandibular ligament is also called the lateral ligament.

: TRUE

4) One of the thickenings in the anterior aspect of the capsule surrounding the shoulder joint is the glenohumeral ligament.

: TRUE

6) The ligament that ties the clavicle to the coracoid process to limit the relative motion between the clavicle and scapula is the coracoclavicular ligament.

: TRUE

7) The head of the radius is held in place by the annular ligament and the quadrate ligament.

: TRUE

8.3 True/False Questions 1) Plantar flexion elevates the heel and plantar surface of the foot.

: TRUE