Anatomy exam 3

adduction

Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.

rotation

Turning or movement of a body around its axis.

Deltoid

the deltoid is the prime mover of arm abduction along the frontal plane.

biceps femoris

Both heads of the biceps femoris perform knee flexion.

inversion

Inversion is the movement of the sole towards the median plane.

extensor digatorum

It extends the medial four digits of the hand.

gastrocnemius

Its function is plantar flexing the foot at the ankle joint and flexing the leg at the knee joint.

The external oblique

The external obliques on either side not only help rotate the trunk, but they perform a few other vital functions. These muscles help pull the chest, as a whole, downwards, which compresses the abdominal cavity.

The flexor carpi group

The flexor carpi ulnaris group is a muscle of the human forearm that acts to flex and adduct (medial deviation) the hand.

biceps brachii

The function of the biceps at the elbow is essential to the function of the forearm in lifting.

gluteus maximus

The gluteus maximus muscle is responsible for movement of the hip and thigh.

latissimus dorsi

The latissimus dorsi has several different functions, all of which involve movements of the arm. The primary function of the lat is the adduction of the arm, which is often used when performing a pull-up or chin-up or when pulling a heavy object down from a shelf above one's head.

quadriceps femoris

All four quadriceps are powerful extensors of the knee joint. They are crucial in walking, running, jumping and squatting.

eversion

Eversion is the movement of the sole of the foot away from the median plane.

extension

Extension is the opposite of flexion, describing a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts.

Adductor longus

One of the adductor muscles of the hip, its main function is to adduct the thigh and it is innervated by the obturator nerve.

Masseter

The masseter is one of several muscles of mastication. It is a thick, quadrilateral muscle, and its function is to elevate the mandible (jaw).

abduction

The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

Rectus abdominis

The muscle is activated while doing crunches because it pulls the ribs and the pelvis in and curves the back.

orbicularis oculi muscle

The orbicularis oculi muscle is a ringlike band of muscle, called a sphincter muscle, that surrounds the eye. It lies in the tissue of the eyelid and causes the eye to close or blink.

orbicularis oris muscle

The orbicularis oris muscle is a sphincter muscle that encircles the mouth. It lies between the skin and the mucous membranes of the lips, extending upward to the nose and down to the region between the lower lip and chin. It is sometimes called the kissing muscle because it causes the lips to close and pucker.

pectoralis major

The pectoralis major has four actions which are primarily responsible for movement of the shoulder joint. The first action is flexion of the humerus, as in throwing a ball side-arm, and in lifting a child. Secondly, it adducts the humerus, as when flapping the arms.

satorius

The sartorius functions as an important flexor and rotator of the thigh at the hip joint.

serratus anterior

The serratus anterior is occasionally called the "big swing muscle" or "boxer's muscle" because it is largely responsible for the protraction of the scapula — that is, the pulling of the scapula forward and around the rib cage that occurs when someone throws a punch.

Trapezius muscle

The trapezius muscle is a postural and active movement muscle, used to tilt and turn the head and neck, shrug, steady the shoulders, and twist the arms.

triceps brachii

The triceps brachii has three heads (connective immovable muscle) and is the only muscle on the back of the upper arm. It connects the humerus (upper arm bone) and the scapula (shoulder blade) to the ulna (longest of the forearm bones) and is the primary extensor of the elbow.

extensor carpi group

This muscle allows the wrist, or carpus, to extend and bend.

flexion

a bending movement around a joint in a limb (as the knee or elbow) that decreases the angle between the bones of the limb at the joint—compare extension