Anatomy Exam 3 BRAIN
656 18 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 22.3 Short
Answer Questions 1) ________ fluid helps keep the lungs expanded against the thoracic walls. \Answer: Pleural Diff: 1 Page Ref
380 75) A shallow groove on the surface of the cerebral cortex is called a A) sulcus. B) fissure. C) gyrus. D) furrow.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
4118 50) The tough, dense fibrous connective tissue meningeal layer is the A) dura mater. B) subarachnoid. C) arachnoid. D) pia mater.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
385-387 25) Which of these regions lies between the optic chiasma and the posterior border of the mammillary bodies? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref
434 15) Which cranial nerve pair is characterized by somatic sensory fibers crossing at the ventral midline of the brain? A) I B) II C) IV D) V E) VIII
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
434, 443 42) Which of the cranial nerves listed below is a special somatic sensory nerve? A) facial B) vestibulocochlear C) accessory D) trochlear
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
437-438 22) Which of the cranial nerve listed below is the largest in diameter? A) IV B) V C) VIII D) XI E) XII
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
438-443 47) Which of these nerves does not arise primarily from the brachial plexus? A) median B) phrenic C) radial D) ulnar
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
11) The hindbrain of the embryo develops into the pons, the medulla oblongata, part of the spinal cord, and what other structure? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
480 15) Congenital megacolon, or Hirschsprung's disease, is a birth defect in which the ________ innervation of the distal region of the large intestine fails to develop normally.
Answer: parasympathetic Diff: 2 Page Ref
441 6) The general visceral motor division of the peripheral nervous system describes the A) parasympathetic division. B) sympathetic division. C) autonomic nervous system.
Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref
472 32) Which division of the nervous system is characterized by highly branched postganglionic fibers that innervate multiple organs? A) parasympathetic B) somatic motor C) sympathetic D) visceral sensory
Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref
473 36) A nurse encountered a patient in a wheelchair 3 months after the patient had sustained a crushing injury to his cervical spinal cord at the level of C6 in a motorcycle accident. Although the patient was paralyzed, his limbs were thrashing, his face was bright red, and he was sweating profusely. What was happening? A) Horner's syndrome B) vagotomy C) mass reflex D) Raynaud's disease
Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref
659 75) The lungs are located in the A) mediastinum. B) abdominopelvic cavity. C) thoracic cavity. D) pleura.
Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref
468 12) Cell body of this autonomic neuron lies within the CNS. A) collateral ganglia B) rami communicantes C) pre-ganglionic neuron D) splanchnic nerves E) post-ganglionic neuron
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
468-469 53) Cell bodies of the preganglionic sympathetic neurons are located within the A) dorsal root ganglia. B) intramural ganglia. C) lateral gray horns of the spinal cord. D) sympathetic trunk.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 9) Visceral reflexes that do not involve the CNS but instead synapse in sympathetic ganglia are called ________ reflex arcs.
Answer: peripheral Diff: 1 Page Ref
385-387 3) The ventral portion of the cerebral peduncles connect the midbrain to the cerebellum and contain the pyramidal (corticospinal) motor tracts descending to the spinal cord.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref
403-404, 412 14) Damage to the ventral root causes spastic paralysis, whereas damage to the descending tracts causes flaccid paralysis.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref
455 9) The accessory nerve (cranial nerve CN XI) contains fibers that assist the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).
Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref
475 3) Fibers from the cranial and sacral regions of the spinal cord contribute to the sympathetic division.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref
650 9) The ________ tonsil, or adenoids, is located on the wall of the nasopharynx.
Answer: pharyngeal Diff: 2 Page Ref
455 13) This nerve innervates the diaphragm.
Answer: phrenic Diff: 2 Page Ref
422 11) Hyperactivity in the amygdala and dysfunction in the limbic association area and the hippocampus are involved in the extreme response to triggered memory experienced by individuals suffering from ________.
Answer: post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Diff: 2 Page Ref
446 11) A nerve from the ________ cord of the brachial plexus innervates the posterior extensor muscles of the upper limb.
Answer: posterior Diff: 3 Page Ref
478 11) Gray rami communicantes contain ________ sympathetic fibers that travel to peripheral structures.
Answer: postganglionic Diff: 2 Page Ref
476 12) The sensation of pain from a visceral organ that is perceived in the skin or outer body is the phenomenon called ________.
Answer: referred pain Diff: 2 Page Ref
483 13) Because the fibers of the sympathetic division arise from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord, they cannot innervate structures of the head or pelvis.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref
650 9) The respiratory zone begins at the large bronchioles.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref
657 5) The left lung has both a horizontal fissure and oblique fissure.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref
470 2) Parasympathetic stimulation of blood vessels causes vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 6) Postganglionic sympathetic fibers release norepinephrine and are called cholinergic fibers.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 15) Parasympathetic fibers innervate the sweat glands, arrector pili, and smooth muscles of the arteries.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 9) The cardiac center of the medulla oblongata regulates the diameter of blood vessels.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
476 12) The main integration center of the ANS is the amygdala.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
652 11) When the diaphragm contracts, it raises the floor of the thoracic cavity upward.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
657 10) The only laryngeal cartilage to form a complete ring is the cuneiform.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
659 22.2 True/False Questions 1) The trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles are all located within the lungs.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
659 4) Gas exchange occurs across the bronchi and bronchioles.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
664 8) The groove through which air passes between nasal conchae is called a choanae.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
664-666 3) Type II alveolar cells produce pleural fluid to keep the walls of the alveoli from collapsing or adhering together.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
475 17 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 11) Sympathetic trunk ganglia contain the cell bodies of sensory neurons and are located in the dorsal root of the spinal cord.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref
656 14) The vocal ligaments are attached between the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 3 Page Ref
428 3) The capsules of tactile and lamellar corpuscles consist of layer(s) of ________ wrapped by connective tissue.
Answer: Schwann cells Diff: 3 Page Ref
429 6) Ventral rami from all spinal nerves except numbers ________ contribute to nerve plexuses.
Answer: T2-T12 Diff: 1 Page Ref
378-379 6) The medullary respiratory center controls the rhythm and rate of breathing.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
380 17 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 5) In the olivary nuclei in the medulla, mostly proprioceptive sensory impulses are relayed to the cerebellum.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
382 4) The vasomotor center of the medulla regulates blood pressure.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
385-387 2) The pituitary gland (hypophysis) is connected to the hypothalamus and receives regulatory impulses that control the secretion of hormones.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
389 13.2 True/False Questions 1) The hypothalamus, in addition to the cerebral cortex, is in control of emotional responses.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
399-400 12) The limbic system has neural ties to the autonomic nervous system, the hypothalamus, and the reticular formation.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
399-400 13) The meninges of the brain differ from those of the spinal cord in that the dura mater of the brain splits into two layers and that there is no epidural space.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
400-401 11) The amygdala is part of the limbic system and has neurons that process the emotions and reactions to fear.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
409 8) The cerebellum has an outer cortex, internal white matter, and areas of gray matter buried deep in the white matter.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
412 18 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 15) The white matter of the spinal cord contains ascending and descending pathways known as tracts.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
428 17 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 3) All of the special senses taste, smell, vision, hearing, and equilibrium are part of the afferent division of the peripheral nervous system.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
429-430 8) One of the largest branches of the sacral plexus is the sciatic nerve.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
443 10) A dermatome is an area of skin that is innervated by the cutaneous branches from one spinal nerve pair.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
446 14) The sequence of brachial plexus components from the spinal cord to the distal targets is as follows: roots, trunks, divisions, cords.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
460 11) Shingles is a latent viral infection in adults that involves both the nervous system and the cutaneous system.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
461 12) The vagus nerve (CN X) is the only cranial nerve pair found inferior to the diaphragm.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
429 5) All of the following are exteroceptors: tactile corpuscles, lamellar corpuscles, and tactile epithelial cells.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref
429-430 6) Of the exteroceptors, only tactile corpuscles, lamellar corpuscles, and bulbous corpuscles are encapsulated.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref
429-430 7) The primary proprioceptors are muscle spindles, tendon organs, and joint kinesthetic receptors.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref
471 7) Adrenergic postganglionic neurons release the hormones norepinephrine and epinephrine.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Page Ref
471 4) Postganglionic sympathetic fibers are relatively long compared to those of the parasympathetic division.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 5) The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions can be distinguished by the amount of branching of the post-ganglionic fibers.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
475 10) Vagal stimulation of the heart decreases heart rate, resulting in a drop in blood pressure.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
476 14) Parasympathetic stimulation of the pelvic organs cause defecation, voiding of urine, and erection.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
484 16 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 15.2 True/False Questions 1) Preganglionic fibers are myelinated, whereas postganglionic fibers are unmyelinated.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
656 2) Changes in the size of the thoracic cavity bring about inspiration and expiration.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
663 7) The external intercostal muscles are involved in active inspiration.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
664 12) The scalene muscles are involved in deep inspiration.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 8) All parasympathetic postganglionic fibers of the head travel through the trigeminal nerve (V) to their final destinations.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref
653 15) The mucosal epithelium transitions from pseudostratified columnar to simple cuboidal along the path to the respiratory bronchioles.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref
659 17 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 6) The pleural cavities extend two ribs below the inferior border of the lungs.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref
665 13) The number of secondary, or lobar, bronchi is a distinguishing characteristic of the right and left lungs.
Answer: TRUE Diff: 3 Page Ref
658-659 12) ________ maneuver involves using the vocal folds as a sphincter to increase intra-abdominal pressure.
Answer: Valsalva's Diff: 2 Page Ref
483 19 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 14) The adrenal medulla is comprised of modified sympathetic ________ neurons which secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Answer: adrenergic or post-ganglionic Diff: 1 Page Ref
418 5) The internal white matter of the cerebellum is called the ________, or "tree of life."
Answer: arbor vitae Diff: 1 Page Ref
659 6) The ________ cartilages are the posterior anchor of the vocal cords.
Answer: arytenoid Diff: 2 Page Ref
665-666 4) The presence of a(n) ________ in its medial aspect is unique to the left lobe.
Answer: cardiac notch Diff: 2 Page Ref
671 15) The ________ marks the point where the trachea branches into the two main bronchi.
Answer: carina Diff: 2 Page Ref
472 7) The ________ plexus is a network through which branches of the vagus pass to the intestines and liver.
Answer: celiac Diff: 3 Page Ref
400 14) The massive development of the ________ distinguishes the human brain from many other vertebrate species.
Answer: cerebrum Diff: 1 Page Ref
429 5) These sensory receptors are found not only on your tongue and nose, but also internally so your body can respond to changes in blood chemistry.
Answer: chemoreceptors Diff: 1 Page Ref
471 3) Postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic system are called ________ because they release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Answer: cholinergic Diff: 2 Page Ref
484 6) The cell bodies of postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the pupil and lens of the eye are located in the ________ ganglion.
Answer: ciliary Diff: 2 Page Ref
388 15) There are three types of white matter in the cerebrum. These include the association fibers, projection fibers, and ________.
Answer: commisural fibers Diff: 2 Page Ref
414 4) What is another term for the descending pyramidal tracts that relay motor impulses from the brain and down the spinal cord?
Answer: corticospinal tracts Diff: 2 Page Ref
446 7) Clinicians use these to identify the level of spinal injuries and to trace the site of adult herpes zoster infections.
Answer: dermatomes Diff: 2 Page Ref
411 3) This ascending pathway of the spinal cord carries neural impulses generated from sensory receptors sensitive to fine touch, pressure, and some parts of proprioception.
Answer: dorsal column pathway Diff: 3 Page Ref
471 4) The ________ nervous system consists of complete three-neuron reflex arcs that exist entirely within the wall of the digestive tube.
Answer: enteric Diff: 2 Page Ref
387 8) This type of spinal cord damage is due to severe damage to the anterior horn or ventral motor roots.
Answer: flaccid paralysis Diff: 2 Page Ref
413 2) The white matter on both sides of the spinal cord is divided into three white columns, also known as ________.
Answer: funiculi (singular: funiculus) Diff: 2 Page Ref
427 2) This term refers to clusters of peripheral cell bodies outside the CNS.
Answer: ganglia Diff: 2 Page Ref
435-436 15) Damage to this nerve may cause difficulties in swallowing, decrease in saliva production and some difficulties in tasting, in particular sour and bitter substances.
Answer: glossopharyngeal Diff: 2 Page Ref
385 13) Long-term storage of memories involves the ________ of the limbic system.
Answer: hippocampal formation (hippocampus) Diff: 2 Page Ref
481 13) The primary integrating center of the ANS is the ________ of the diencephalon.
Answer: hypothalamus Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 8) Autonomic fibers to the pelvic organs pass through the pelvic plexus, also known as the ________ plexus.
Answer: inferior hypogastric Diff: 3 Page Ref
650 3) The ________ intercostal muscles are involved in (forced) expiration.
Answer: internal Diff: 1 Page Ref
460 19 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 8) Nerves from the ________ cords of the brachial plexus innervate the anterior flexor muscles of the upper limb.
Answer: lateral and medial Diff: 3 Page Ref
653 7) The subdivisions of the lung from largest to smallest are the lobe, the segment, the ________, the alveolus.
Answer: lobule Diff: 2 Page Ref
453 12) The obturator nerve is part of which nerve plexus?
Answer: lumbar Diff: 1 Page Ref
659 8) The ________ is a groove inferior to the nasal conchae through which air passes.
Answer: meatus Diff: 2 Page Ref
448-449 9) Damage to this nerve shows a typical hand position known as the "hand of benediction," or the "ape hand."
Answer: median nerve Diff: 3 Page Ref
419 7) The pineal gland secretes the hormone ________, which signals the body to prepare for sleep.
Answer: melatonin Diff: 2 Page Ref
482 18 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 5) During development, all neurons with cell bodies in the PNS derive from the ________.
Answer: neural crest Diff: 2 Page Ref
431 4) This category of receptors elicit a response of "Ouch!"
Answer: nociceptors Diff: 2 Page Ref
447 14) The ________ and optic nerves are the only cranial nerves that do not have nuclei within the brain.
Answer: olfactory Diff: 1 Page Ref
663 2) The ________ sinuses drain into the nasal cavity.
Answer: paranasal Diff: 1 Page Ref
475 2) Autonomic fibers emerging from the craniosacral region of the spinal cord belong to the ________ division.
Answer: parasympathetic Diff: 2 Page Ref
651 19 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 11) Fusion of the alveolar and capillary membranes creates a(n) ________ membrane, or air- blood barrier.
Answer: respiratory Diff: 3 Page Ref
412 9) The most common form of spina bifida is ________.
Answer: spina bifida cystica Diff: 2 Page Ref
452 10) The cervical plexus is found deep in the neck region covered by by what superficial muscle?
Answer: sternocleidomastoid Diff: 1 Page Ref
383 6) Cerebrovascular accident is a long name for what type of brain injury?
Answer: stroke Diff: 2 Page Ref
654-655 14) The unexpected death of an apparently healthy infant during sleep is called ________.
Answer: sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) Diff: 2 Page Ref
659 5) The function of type II alveolar cells is to produce ________.
Answer: surfactant Diff: 2 Page Ref
482 10) Sympathetic preganglionic fibers leaving the thoracic spinal nerves may ascend within the ________ before synapsing so that they can exit near the head.
Answer: sympathetic trunk Diff: 3 Page Ref
400 12) The ________ can be thought of as the "gateway" to the cerebral cortex.
Answer: thalamus Diff: 2 Page Ref
654 13) The soft ________ muscle of the trachea allows the esophagus to expand anteriorly during swallowing.
Answer: trachealis Diff: 2 Page Ref
651 10) The ________ is the portion of the soft palate that prevents food from entering the nasal cavity.
Answer: uvula Diff: 2 Page Ref
452 70) The phrenic nerve receives fibers from A) C3-C5. B) T1-T7. C) CN X. D) CN XI.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
447 48) The gastrocnemius muscle is innervated by the ________ nerve. A) obturator B) common peroneal C) tibial D) femoral
Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref
475 15.3 Short
Answer Questions 1) Vasoconstriction and bronchodilation result from stimulation by the ________ division. \Answer: sympathetic Diff: 2 Page Ref
429 14.3 Short
Answer Questions 1) The portion of the nervous system that does NOT include the brain and spinal cord. \Answer: peripheral Diff: 1 Page Ref
413-414 13.3 Short
Answer Questions 1) This is a term for neural pathways crossing from one side of the CNS to the other. \Answer: decussation Diff: 2 Page Ref
414-416 9 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 38) Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by choroid plexuses in all the following locations except the A) central canal. B) fourth ventricle. C) lateral ventricle. D) third ventricle.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
436 37) The major nerve plexus to the upper limbs is the A) brachial plexus. B) sacral plexus. C) cervical plexus. D) lumbar plexus.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
438 53) An injury to the ulnar nerve causes A) claw hand. B) inability to oppose the thumb. C) the "hand of benediction." D) wrist drop.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
447 39) Of the following, the nerve that forms from fibers of both the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus is the A) median. B) axillary. C) ulnar. D) musculocutaneous.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
447 71) The only cranial nerve that travels into the abdomen is the A) vagus. B) hypoglossal. C) glossopharyngeal. D) vestibulocochlear.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
447-448 38) Contraction rate of the diaphragm is controlled by which nerve? A) phrenic B) vagus C) trigeminal D) trochlear
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
452 54) Spinal nerves are A) present in 31 pairs. B) located exclusively in the vertebral canal. C) present only in the thoracic region where plexuses are absent. D) purely sensory nerves.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
453 33) The tibial and common fibular nerves branch from the ________ nerve. A) sciatic B) pudendal C) axillary D) femoral
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
455-459 52) The abducens nerve (CN VI) A) innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye. B) relays sensory information from the taste buds on the tongue. C) exits from the medulla. D) if paralyzed, results in Bell's palsy.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
375 15) Which of these regions of the brain regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
375 4 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 13) The diencephalon develops into the thalamus, the epithalamus, and what other structure? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
382-383, 436 34) Which of the following is associated with Alzheimer's disease? A) accumulation of protein plaques around neurons B) cerebral ischemia C) deterioration of the substantia nigra of the midbrain D) inadequate vitamin B
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
383 42) The sheet of dura mater that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the A) falx cerebri. B) tentorium cerebri. C) falx cerebelli. D) superior sagittal sinus.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
384 60) Cerebrospinal fluid is located within the A) subarachnoid space. B) orbits. C) cerebral cortex. D) superior sagittal sinus.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
385 24) Which of these regions of the brain regulates hormonal secretions from the pituitary gland (hypophysis)? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
385-386 69) Sleep-wake cycles are controlled by the pineal gland and the A) hypothalamus. B) medulla oblongata. C) thalamus. D) visual cortex.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
387 70) If the most caudal part of the CNS is the conus medullaris, then the most rostral part is/are the A) prefrontal lobes. B) hypothalamus. C) precentral and postcentral gyri. D) cauda equina.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
391, 393 54) Which of the following is a motor area for vision? A) frontal eye field B) premotor cortex C) primary visual cortex D) visual association area
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
394 55) Posterior gray horns of the spinal cord consist of A) cell bodies of interneurons. B) dorsal roots. C) sensory ganglia. D) motor neurons.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
398-399 72) Which of the following is not a midbrain structure? A) third ventricle B) cerebral peduncles C) corpora quadrigemina D) red nucleus
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
400-401 11 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 48) The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges? A) arachnoid and pia B) arachnoid and bone of skull C) arachnoid and dura D) dura and epidura
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
403 51) Cutting the corpus callosum would lead to which of the following? A) The right cerebral hemisphere cannot communicate directly with the left hemisphere. B) Visual reflexes are lost. C) Emotional problems develop. D) One-half of the body is paralyzed.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
429-430 31) A receptor that monitors stretch of the stomach can be classified as a A) mechanoreceptor and interoceptor. B) mechanoreceptor and proprioceptor. C) nociceptor and exteroceptor. D) baroreceptor and proprioceptor.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
430-431 27) A lesion to the common fibular nerve causes A) footdrop. B) paralysis of the peroneal muscles. C) hammer toe. D) the same deficit as a ruptured calcaneal tendon causes.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
435 7 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 25) Damage to which cranial nerve pair may result in anosmia? A) I B) II C) IV D) V E) VIII
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
440 75) Starting at the spinal cord and proceeding distally, the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are A) rami, trunks, divisions, cords. B) rami, divisions, cords, trunks. C) divisions, rami, trunks, cords. D) trunks, divisions, cords, rami.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
443 24) Sensory fibers of which cranial nerve pair pass through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone? A) I B) II C) IV D) V E) VIII
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
449-450 73) Motor neurons to skeletal muscle belong to the A) somatic division of the nervous system. B) autonomic nervous system. C) afferent division of the autonomic nervous system. D) visceral division of the nervous system.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
389 7 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 28) The cell bodies located in the anteriormost region of the spinal cord's gray matter belong to this group. A) somatic motor B) somatic sensory C) visceral motor D) visceral
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref
404 49) Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in A) the dorsal root ganglia external to the spinal cord. B) the posterior gray horn of the spinal cord. C) the thalamus. D) nuclei of the cranial nerves.
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref
468 6 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 28) Which division of the autonomic nervous system innervates the sweat glands in skin? A) sympathetic B) parasympathetic C) somatic D) integumentary
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
470 14) The overall integrating center for the ANS. A) hypothalamus B) medulla C) medulla oblongata D) rami communicantes E) sympathetic trunk
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
470-471 10) This division can also be called the craniosacral division. A) parasympathetic division B) sympathetic division C) autonomic nervous system
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
472-473 30) Another name for the ANS is the A) general visceral motor system. B) general somatic motor system. C) branchial motor system. D) general peripheral nervous system.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
473 60) The part of the brain that exerts more control over autonomic functioning than any other part is the A) hypothalamus. B) thalamus. C) cerebral cortex. D) cerebellum.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
473 8 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 38) Which of these characteristics definitively distinguishes the autonomic nervous system from the somatic nervous system? A) cell bodies outside the CNS B) cell bodies within the CNS C) cholinergic fibers D) myelinated axons
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
474 55) Which autonomic division increases heart rate? A) sympathetic B) parasympathetic C) somatic D) cranial
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
481 77) What is the effect of parasympathetic stimulation of respiratory bronchioles in the lungs? A) constriction B) dilation C) decreased secretion of mucus D) no effect
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
483 15) Division that is dominant during rest, digestion, and excretion. A) parasympathetic B) enteric nervous system C) inferior hypogastric plexus D) sympathetic E) cholinergic
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
483 75) This organ contains modified sympathetic postganglionic neurons that lack nerve processes. A) adrenal medulla B) collateral ganglia C) stellate ganglion D) sympathetic chain ganglia
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
651 10 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 42) Of the three different layers of tissue in the wall of the trachea, the outermost layer is the A) adventitia. B) lamina propria. C) submucosa. D) muscularis.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
656 43) What type of epithelium occurs in the respiratory mucosa? A) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium B) simple squamous epithelium C) simple columnar epithelium D) stratified squamous epithelium
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
659 70) A chronic respiratory disease that leads to an expanded "barrel chest" is A) emphysema. B) lung cancer. C) tuberculosis. D) pneumonia.
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
666 12 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 53) Of the following, which is the only organ that is not an upper respiratory structure? (Hint: Recall Figure 22.3.) A) larynx B) oropharynx C) vestibule of the nose D) nasal cavity
Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref
468-470 39) Which of these is not a characteristic of the parasympathetic division? A) branched fibers B) cholinergic fibers C) intramural ganglia D) myelinated fibers
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
470-471 9) Division of the ANS most active when the body is at rest describes the A) parasympathetic division. B) sympathetic division. C) autonomic nervous system.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 50) Cranial parasympathetic outflow is contained in all of the following cranial nerves except the A) accessory. B) facial. C) glossopharyngeal. D) vagus.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 9 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 43) The parasympathetic nervous system is characterized by A) peripheral ganglia near the organs, and short postganglionic fibers. B) peripheral ganglia near the organs, and long postganglionic fibers. C) peripheral ganglia near the spinal cord, and short postganglionic fibers. D) peripheral ganglia near the spinal cord, and long postganglionic fibers.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
476 10 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 48) Which of these descriptions is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation? A) production of goose bumps B) constriction of the pupils C) increased peristalsis of the digestive viscera D) contraction of the bladder wall in urination
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
480 76) Visceral pain results from all the following except A) cutting of an organ. B) chemical irritation of an organ. C) excessive stretch of an organ. D) inflammation of an organ.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
648 35) Which muscle contracts during forced expiration? A) internal oblique B) serratus anterior C) sternocleidomastoid D) pectoralis major
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
650 57) Which pulmonary disease is characterized by a permanent enlargement of the alveoli? A) emphysema B) tuberculosis C) pneumonia D) lung cancer
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
651 61) Embryologically, the nasal cavity develops from A) invagination of the ectoderm of the olfactory placode. B) the nasopharynx. C) a cranial extension of the mouth. D) the early precursor of the paranasal sinuses.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
653 59) The trachealis muscle A) constricts the trachea. B) controls the length and tension of the vocal cords. C) initiates the cough reflex. D) raises the larynx when swallowing.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
653-654 49) Most foreign substances in inspired air fail to reach the lungs because of the A) ciliated epithelium and mucus that line the respiratory passages. B) abundant blood supply to the nasal mucosa. C) porous structure of the nasal conchae. D) action of the epiglottis.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
656 52) The aortic bodies A) sense the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. B) give rise to the pulmonary arteries. C) are innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve. D) are in the hilum of the lung.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
657 18) Alveolar cells that allow rapid diffusion of respiratory gases. A) Type I B) Type II C) alveolar macrophages D) endothelial cells E) pseudostratiied columnar epithelial cells
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
658-659 25) Fissure separating the upper and middle lobes of the right lung. A) horizontal B) oblique C) carina D) superior E) inferior
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
664-666 36) The part of the brain that generates the basic respiratory rhythm is the A) medulla oblongata. B) limbic system. C) hypothalamus. D) cerebrum.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
669 13 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 58) The vocal ligaments attach between the thyroid cartilage and the A) arytenoid cartilage. B) corniculate cartilage. C) cricoid cartilage. D) cuneiform cartilage.
Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 57) Postganglionic neurons in the pterygopalatine ganglion A) are very active when you cry. B) are adrenergic. C) run from the head to the abdomen. D) are primarily sympathetic fibers.
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref
476 19) Sympathetic structures of the abdomen that lie anterior to the vertebral column. A) collateral ganglia B) rami communicantes C) pre-ganglionic neuron D) hypothalamus E) medulla oblongata
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref
480 25) Sacral nerves carrying parasympathetic innervation to the pelvic organs. A) pelvic splanchnic nerves B) sacral splanchnic nerves C) thoracic splanchnic nerves D) vagus nerve E) enteric nervous system
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref
480 42) All of the following plexi contain fibers from the vagus nerve except A) the otic. B) the esophageal. C) the celiac. D) the superior mesenteric.
Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref
375 14) During the human embryonic and fetal periods, the brain grows rapidly, most noticeably the growth of what structure? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
383-384 19) Which of these regions of the brain has frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, as well as the insula? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
430 11 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 45) Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all of the following except the A) facial. B) optic. C) trigeminal. D) vagus.
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
459 29) Sensory impulses from the skin would be transmitted into the spinal cord on the A) ventral root of spinal nerves. B) dorsal root of spinal nerves. C) sympathetic nerve pathway. D) pathway of parasympathetic neurons.
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
459 36) Which of the cranial nerves listed below provides innervation to one of the extrinsic eye muscles? A) trigeminal B) trochlear C) optic D) facial
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
375 12) The telencephalon develops into what adult brain structure? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
378 74) Neural centers that control heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the A) thalamus. B) medulla. C) midbrain. D) cerebrum.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
381-382 16 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 73) The brain stem consists of the A) cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medulla. B) midbrain, medulla, and pons. C) pons, medulla, cerebellum, and midbrain. D) midbrain only.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
383 17) Which of these regions has two hemispheres connected by the corpus callosum? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
388-390 20) The insula is considered to be part of the ________. A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
388-390 21) Which of these regions of the brain contains the basal forebrain nuclei in the deep gray matter? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
390, 39 31) The fluid-filled ventricles within the cerebrum are similar in function to the ________ of the spinal cord. A) subarachnoid space B) central canal C) pia mater D) dura mater
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
392 71) Which of the following is not part of the basal ganglia? A) putamen B) Wernicke's area C) globus pallidus D) caudate nucleus
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
400-401 66) Two parts of the brain that are most involved in emotions are the A) medulla and cerebellum. B) cingulate gyrus and hypothalamus. C) superior and inferior colliculi. D) red nucleus and substantia nigra.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
404 10 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 43) At what vertebral level does the spinal cord terminate (inferiorly) in the average adult? A) S5 B) between L1 and L2 C) between L5 and S1 D) C3
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
409 44) The cell bodies located in the posteriormost region of the spinal cord's gray matter belong to this group. A) somatic motor B) somatic sensory C) visceral motor D) visceral sensory
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
420 36) Which of the following is a descending motor spinal tract? A) dorsal column pathway B) pyramidal pathway C) spinocerebellar pathway D) spinothalamic pathway
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
428 74) Disorders of balance may follow trauma to which nerve? A) abducens B) vestibulocochlear C) trigeminal D) accessory
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
440 6 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 21) Which cranial nerve pair has three major branches, the maxillary, mandibular, and ophthalmic divisions? A) IV B) V C) VIII D) XI E) XII
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
441-442 44) Which of these receptors would not be found within a synovial joint capsule? A) free nerve endings B) tactile corpuscles (Meissner's corpuscles) C) lamellar corpuscles (Pacinian corpuscles) D) bulbous corpuscles (Ruffini endings)
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
455 49) Which of the following regions is not innervated by nerves of the sacral plexus (L4 - S4)? A) posterior thigh B) anterior thigh muscles C) foot D) external genitalia
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
460 14 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 61) Tactile corpuscles (Meissner's corpuscles) A) occur in hairy skin. B) occur in dermal papillae. C) are nociceptors. D) are free unencapsulated dendritic endings.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
375-376 47) Which of the following is not a function of nuclei within the reticular formation? A) adjust respiratory and cardiovascular functions B) consolidate and store memories C) coordinate cranial nerve reflexes D) maintain consciousness and alertness
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
378-379 59) One of the distinctions between the cerebrum and cerebellum is that A) gray matter is found superficially and deep in the cerebrum but is present only superficially in the cerebellum. B) fibers of the cerebellum enter and leave ipsilaterally, whereas those of the cerebrum enter and leave contralateraly. C) the cerebrum is folded into gyri and lobes, whereas the cerebellum is only folded into folia but lacks lobes. D) the cerebellum is involved only in refining motor responses, whereas the cerebrum is involved in both motor function and cognition.
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
396 52) What is the anatomical distinction between the basal ganglia and the basal forebrain nuclei? A) The basal forebrain nuclei are located in the prefrontal cortex, whereas the basal ganglia are within the midbrain. B) The basal forebrain nuclei are located closer to the hypothalamus, whereas the basal ganglia lie near the internal capsule. C) The basal ganglia are located in the brain stem, whereas the basal forebrain nuclei are located within the cerebrum. D) The basal ganglia are located outside the CNS, whereas the basal forebrain nuclei are located within the cerebrum.
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
411-412 29) The axons in the inferior olivary nuclei relay sensory impulses for A) vision. B) proprioception. C) sound. D) smell.
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
430 62) Which cranial nerve pair is comprised of ventral rootlets from C1-C5? A) abducens B) accessory C) glossopharyngeal D) hypoglossal
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
440 13 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 56) The trigeminal nerve contains which class(es) of nerve fibers? A) somatic sensory only B) somatic motor and general somatic sensory C) somatic sensory, visceral sensory, and visceral motor D) somatic motor only
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
444 8 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 30) A receptor that monitors stretch of the patellar tendon can be classified as a A) mechanoreceptor and interoceptor. B) mechanoreceptor and proprioceptor. C) nociceptor and exteroceptor. D) baroreceptor and proprioceptor.
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
468 2 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 7) Division of the ANS responsible for the fight-or-flight response describes the A) parasympathetic division. B) sympathetic division. C) autonomic nervous system.
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
468 31) Focusing the eye on a nearby object in the field of vision is a function of which division of the ANS? A) sympathetic B) parasympathetic C) somatic D) cranial
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
470 56) In which autonomic division do nerve cell bodies lie closest to the organs being innervated? A) sympathetic B) parasympathetic C) visceral sensory D) somatic motor
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
476 20) Adrenergic hormones are secreted into the bloodstream in this region of the adrenal gland. A) hypothalamus B) medulla C) medulla oblongata D) rami communicantes E) sympathetic trunk
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
476, 478-479 14 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 69) The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of A) parasympathetic innervation. B) sympathetic stimulation. C) vagus nerve activity. D) reflex control.
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
477 29) Which division of the autonomic nervous system has preganglionic fibers within the facial nerve? A) sympathetic B) parasympathetic C) somatic D) CNS
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
479 7 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 33) The gray and white rami communicantes attach to the A) dorsal root ganglia. B) ventral rami. C) dorsal roots. D) spinal nerves.
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
650 7 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 27) Which cells produce surfactant? A) type I cells B) type II cells C) alveolar macrophages D) chondrocytes
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
656 14 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 63) The lobes of a lung are easy to recognize and distinguish from one another because A) they all have slightly different colors. B) they are separated by fissures. C) each is supplied by a primary bronchus, and the primary bronchi are easy to find. D) carbon from the air accumulates between and outlines the lobes in most people (even if they breathe almost-unpolluted air).
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
658-659 28) Which part of the nose is composed of dense fibrous connective tissue? A) the apex B) the border where the nostril attaches to the maxilla C) the nasal septum D) the surface connecting to the nasal bones
Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref
470-471 16) A descriptive term that identifies the type of neurotransmitter released by sympathetic postganglionic fibers. A) postganglionic neuron B) adrenergic C) medulla D) cholinergic E) none of the above
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
470-471 8) Division of the ANS most active during vigorous exercise describes the A) parasympathetic division. B) sympathetic division. C) autonomic nervous system.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 44) Which of these statements concerning the sympathetic division is incorrect? A) The preganglionic cell bodies form the lateral gray horn in some areas of the spinal cord. B) There is a sympathetic trunk ganglion for each of the 31 spinal nerves. C) There is approximately one chain ganglion for each spinal nerve. D) It is more complex than the parasympathetic system because it supplies more structures than the parasympathetic system.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
472-473 41) What stimulates the adrenal medulla to secrete its excitatory neurohormones? A) postganglionic sympathetic neurons B) preganglionic sympathetic neurons C) preganglionic parasympathetic neurons D) postganglionic parasympathetic neurons
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
475 78) Which of the following disorders of the sympathetic division does not involve a problem with blood vessels? A) mass reflex reaction B) congenital megacolon C) Raynaud's disease D) hypertension
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
476 45) Which of these statements is not a characteristic of collateral ganglia of the sympathetic division? A) They lie in the abdomen and pelvis. B) They are paired and segmented. C) They lie anterior to the vertebral column. D) They are located mostly on the abdominal aorta.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
477 67) Another name for a chain ganglion is A) sympathetic trunk. B) paravertebral ganglion. C) prevertebral ganglion. D) intramural ganglion.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
480 21) Three-neuron reflex arcs that exist entirely within the walls of the digestive tract. A) parasympathetic B) enteric nervous system C) inferior hypogastric plexus D) sympathetic E) cholinergic
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
483 5 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 23) Ganglia of this structure are connected to the ventral rami of spinal nerves through the rami communicantes. A) collateral ganglia B) sympathetic trunk C) pre-vertebral ganglia D) inferior hypogastric plexus E) celiac ganglion
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
483 61) Parasympathetic impulses to the stomach pass through the A) celiac plexus. B) esophageal plexus. C) inferior hypogastric plexus. D) superior mesenteric plexus.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
648 44) Some bronchi have names such as the "right upper-lobe bronchus," "left lower-lobe bronchus," and "right middle-lobe bronchus." These are ________ bronchi. A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) very small (about fifteenth-order)
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
648 50) The ability to vary the pitch of the voice results from varying A) the force of air passing over the vocal folds. B) the tension in the vocal folds. C) the size of the laryngeal cartilages. D) the shape of the cricoid cartilage.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
655 16 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 73) The ventral respiratory group (VRG) is a group of neurons located within the A) forebrain. B) medulla oblongata. C) midbrain. D) pons.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
658 19) The serous membrane lining of the wall of the thoracic cavity. A) visceral pleura B) parietal pleura C) mucous membrane D) parietal pericardium E) visceral pericardium
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
659 26) The superior and middle nasal conchae are bony projections from the A) vomer. B) ethmoid bone. C) sphenoid bone. D) maxillary bone.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
659 46) The ________ flaps over the glottis when we swallow food. A) uvula B) epiglottis C) palate D) vocal fold
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
662 20) The region of the lung served by secondary, or lobar, bronchi. A) bronchopulmonary segment B) lobe C) lobule D) lingular E) cardiac notch
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
663 30) Which structure is not located within the nasopharynx? A) opening of the pharyngotympanic tube B) palatine tonsil C) pharyngeal tonsil D) tubal tonsil
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
664-666 33) In lung cancer, the cancer cells usually arise from A) the smooth muscle fibers around the bronchioles. B) the epithelium lining a large bronchus. C) the alveoli. D) lymph nodes in the lung.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
670 62) Supportive cartilage disappears from the bronchial tree at the level of the A) alveolar duct. B) bronchioles. C) lobar bronchi. D) respiratory bronchiole.
Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref
482 37) Which of these statements concerning the glossopharyngeal nerve is incorrect? A) The preganglionic fibers originate in the inferior salivatory nucleus. B) The pre- and postganglionic fibers travel in this nerve. C) The pre- and postganglionic fibers synapse in the otic ganglion. D) Stimulation induces secretion from the parotid gland.
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
649 54) An aortic aneurysm that presses on the left recurrent laryngeal nerve could lead to A) paralysis of the diaphragm. B) hoarse speech. C) complete loss of speech. D) inability of the carotid sinus to monitor blood gases.
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
650 8 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 32) When the diaphragm contracts, the size of the thoracic cavity ________, the pressure inside the thoracic cavity ________, and air flows ________ the lungs. A) decreases; rises; into B) increases; drops; into C) decreases; drops; out of D) increases; drops; out of
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
653 66) Which structure does not enter or exit from the hilum of a lung? A) bronchial vein B) phrenic nerve C) pulmonary artery D) pulmonary plexus
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
669-670 71) Which muscle is used for both quiet inspiration and forced expiration? A) external intercostals B) internal intercostals C) latissimus dorsi D) scalenes
Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref
432 41) What is the only cranial nerve that has fibers that enter and leave the skull through different foramen? (Hint: It enters through the foramen magnum and leaves through the jugular foramen.) A) VI B) XII C) XI D) I
Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref
436-438 60) What specific dermatome lies at the level of the navel? A) C2 B) S4 C) T10 D) T1
Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref
377 32) The function of the blood-brain barrier is to A) keep neurons from innervating blood vessels. B) prevent all contact between bloodborne molecules and brain tissue. C) help protect the central nervous system. D) provide an impenetrable barrier between blood and brain, because the brain gets all its nourishment from the cerebrospinal fluid.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
385-387 16) Which of these regions of the brain, besides the cerebrum, has an outer cortical layer of gray matter? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
386 26) A "motor homunculus" can be visualized as an overlay on the precentral gyrus. The reason why the facial region of this homunculus covers such a large surface area is because A) our ears are large for hearing. B) our eyes are large for seeing. C) we have very expressive faces. D) we have very sensitive lips.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
396 5 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 18) Which of these regions superior-most aspect is found in close proximityl to the fourth ventricle and lies lies just posterior to the pons? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
398 65) After someone faints, smelling salts of ammonia may be placed under the person's nose. The person breathes the ammonia vapors, which deliver a sharp jolt to the nasal membranes, and the person wakes up. This illustrates A) how smells bring about emotions. B) the function of the hypothalamus in controlling sleep. C) the function of sensory input to the reticular activating system. D) how smells elicit memories of being awake, causing the person to awaken.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
404 61) The only one of the meninges that follows the brain surface into a cerebral sulcus is the A) dura mater. B) arachnoid mater. C) pia mater. D) alma mater.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
411-412 56) The cauda equina A) consists of hair like the tail of a horse. B) describes the radiating patterns of projection fibers. C) is a series of nerve roots in the lumbar and sacral region. D) is confined to the thoracic and cervical segments of the spinal cord.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
418 37) What types of sensory information are conveyed toward the brain in the lateral spinothalamic tracts? A) discriminative touch B) equilibrium C) pain and temperature D) visual senses
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
435 5 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 16) Which cranial nerve pair, along with cranial nerve III, has fibers that pass through the superior orbital fissure? A) I B) II C) IV D) VII E) VIII
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
435 51) Spinal nerves found at the level of L4 to about S4 form the A) lumbar plexus. B) femoral plexus. C) sacral plexus. D) thoracic plexus.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
443 20) Damage to which cranial nerve pair can cause deafness and problems with equilibrium? A) IV B) V C) VIII D) XI E) XII
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
444 9 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 35) Anesthetic injection to which nerve may block pain during childbirth? A) sciatic B) femoral C) pudendal D) obturator
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
448, 453 64) Which of these statements about intercostal nerves is true? A) They are part of a nerve plexus. B) They innervate only the intercostal muscles. C) The ventral rami of T1-T12 spinal nerves lie just inferior to each rib. D) They consist of 12 pairs.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
449 15 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 67) Migraine headaches result when cerebral arteries dilate in response to neurotransmitters released from the A) abducens nerve. B) facial nerve. C) trigeminal nerve. D) vestibulocochlear nerve.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
455 34) If one likens a spinal nerve to the trunk of a tree, then the two roots of this tree are the dorsal and ventral roots. What would represent the two large branches of this tree? A) rami communicantes B) dorsal and ventral root ganglia C) ventral and dorsal rami D) the brachial plexus
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
455-457 12 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 50) Which of these cranial nerve pairs do not pass through the superior orbital fissures? A) abducens B) oculomotor C) optic D) trochlear
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
421 35) Shearing of axons in a diffuse axonal injury causes such widespread disruptions because such an injury involves A) association fibers. B) commissural fibers. C) projection fibers. D) pyramidal tract fibers.
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
434 4 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 12) Which cranial nerve, along with the abducens and oculomotor nerves, has somatic motor fibers that pass through the superior orbital fissure? A) I B) II C) IV D) VII E) VIII
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
440 14) Of the cranial nerve pairs listed below, which nerve, along with XI and XII, relays only somatic motor impulses? A) I B) II C) IV D) V E) VIII
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
443 63) Which of these nerves arises from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus? A) median B) musculocutaneous C) radial D) ulnar
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
444 65) The lateral cord of the brachial plexus forms directly from A) the upper, middle, and lower trunks. B) the posterior divisions of the middle and lower trunks. C) the anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks. D) roots C7-T1.
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
448-449 10 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 40) Extrafusal muscle fibers that surround a muscle spindle and resist excessive muscle stretching are innervated by A) primary sensory endings. B) secondary sensory endings. C) α efferent neurons. D) γ efferent neurons.
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
448-449 66) Which nerve does not arise from the anterior division of the brachial plexus? A) median B) musculocutaneous C) radial D) ulnar
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
461 68) The cranial nerve pair with large branches that passes through the foramen ovale of the skull is A) I. B) III. C) V. D) VII.
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
478-480 73) Over 90% of all preganglionic parasympathetic fibers are in cranial nerve A) III. B) V. C) VII. D) X.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
470 47) Which of these statements concerning gray rami communicantes is incorrect? A) They carry postganglionic fibers to peripheral structures. B) Their fibers are unmyelinated. C) They contain all the preganglionic fibers traveling to the sympathetic chain. D) They are associated with sympathetic trunk ganglia.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 40) Only about half a dozen parasympathetic ganglia have specific names. Two of these are the A) celiac and superior mesenteric. B) inferior and superior hypogastric. C) ciliary and pterygopalatine. D) chain and prevertebral.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 71) Where would you not find an autonomic ganglion? A) in the head B) in the cervical region C) in the armpit D) alongside the vertebral column
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
472-473 58) Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers of the head travel within the A) accessory nerve. B) facial nerve. C) trigeminal nerve. D) vestibulocochlear nerve.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 12 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 59) Parasympathetic ganglia that are located within the walls of the innervated organs are called A) collateral ganglia. B) dorsal root ganglia. C) intramural ganglia. D) paravertebral ganglia.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 15 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 74) Control of temperature, of autonomic nervous reflexes, of hunger, and of sleep are functions associated with the A) medulla. B) cerebellum. C) hypothalamus. D) thalamus.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 62) The adrenal medulla is stimulated by preganglionic neurons localized to gray matter of the spinal cord A) in the cervical region. B) in the upper thoracic region. C) in the lower thoracic region. D) in the lower lumbar region.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 65) Which one of these is solely innervated by the parasympathetic division? A) adipose tissue B) arrector pili muscle of the hair follicle C) ciliary muscle of the eye D) sweat glands
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
475 35) Which of the following cranial nerves does not supply parasympathetic fibers to the head? A) oculomotor B) facial C) vagus D) glossopharyngeal
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
476 46) The sympathetic system causes A) decreased blood glucose and peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure. B) increased blood glucose and peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure. C) increased blood glucose, heart rate, and blood pressure, and decreased peristalsis. D) decreased blood glucose, heart rate, and blood pressure, and increased peristalsis.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
477 13 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 64) The cell bodies of postganglionic neurons that stimulate secretion of the parotid gland are in the A) superior cervical ganglion. B) submandibular ganglion. C) otic ganglion. D) sphenopalatine ganglion.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
480 63) Cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic neurons are located within the A) dorsal root ganglia. B) intramural ganglia. C) lateral horns of the gray matter of the spinal cord. D) sympathetic trunk.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
481 27) Which of these is not innervated by the ANS? A) cardiac muscle B) smooth muscle C) skeletal muscle D) glands
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
482 22) Location in the brain of the cardiorespiratory and vasomotor control centers. A) hypothalamus B) medulla C) medulla oblongata D) rami communicantes E) sympathetic trunk
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
646-647, 649 15 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 68) In a runner who is breathing heavily during a race, the rima glottidis is A) half closed. B) half open. C) open as far as possible. D) all the way closed.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
648 40) The detergent-like molecule that keeps the alveoli from collapsing between breaths is called A) bile. B) hemoglobin. C) surfactant. D) oxygen.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
651 31) Which of the following is not a function of the nasal conchae? A) They deflect particulates to the mucosa. B) They help warm the air. C) They decrease the turbulence in the flow of air through the nasal cavity. D) They moisten the air.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
653 69) It is easy to see on the outer surface of a smoker's lung hexagons approximately the size of the tip of a little finger and clearly outlined by black lines of carbon. These structures are A) lobes. B) bronchopulmonary segments. C) lobules. D) bronchioles.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
659-661 67) Which structure is both a lower respiratory structure and in the conducting zone? (Hint: Recall Figure 22.3.) A) the laryngopharynx B) a respiratory bronchiole C) any bronchus D) an alveolus
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
664-666 72) Which of the following changes does not occur as the conducting tubes of the respiratory tree become smaller? A) Cartilage rings are replaced by irregular plates of cartilage. B) The lining epithelium thins. C) Elastin in the walls disappears. D) Cartilage disappears in the bronchioles.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
666 23) The medial opening between the vocal folds through which air passes. A) glottis B) vestibule C) rima glottidis D) thyrohyoid membrane E) cricothyroid ligament
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
666 9 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 37) Sympathetic stimulation of terminal bronchioles causes A) bronchoconstriction. B) a decrease in blood supply to the bronchioles. C) bronchodilation. D) secretion of less surfactant.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
668 34) Vibrissae are A) specialized cells in the larynx that react to vibrations of air. B) large hairlike projections on epithelial cells that line the trachea. C) nose hairs. D) the sensory organs of the inner ear.
Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref
472-473 51) The micturition (urination) reflex is controlled by a parasympathetic reflex pathway in which A) the preganglionic neurons are in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in the brain. B) the preganglionic cell bodies are in the wall of the bladder. C) the preganglionic axons occur in pelvic splanchnic nerves. D) the postganglionic axons occur in the celiac plexus.
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
476 24) Network of autonomic axons giving rise to nerves of the pelvic organs. A) aortic plexus B) pulmonary plexus C) inferior hypogastric plexus D) stellate ganglion E) dorsal root ganglion
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
656 21) Fluid that reduces surface tension of the alveolar walls. A) serous fluid B) pleural fluid C) surfactant D) lysozyme E) mucin
Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref
421 19 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 10) ________ is a common CNS-related congenital condition in which the affected person has difficulty throughout life controlling voluntary muscles and which may be due to infection of the placenta.
Answer: Cerebral palsy Diff: 2 Page Ref
383 41) The second largest region of the brain is the A) cerebrum. B) brain stem. C) diencephalon. D) cerebellum.
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
383 394 64) Which of the following grooves separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum? A) lateral sulcus B) central sulcus C) longitudinal fissure D) transverse cerebral fissure
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
393-394 27) It is easy to confuse the terms sulcus and gyrus (on the cerebral cortex). The difference between these two terms is that A) a sulcus corresponds to a folia on the cerebellum, whereas a gyrus corresponds to a fissure. B) a sulcus is the same as a fissure on the cerebral cortex, whereas a gyrus is a lobe. C) a sulcus is a groove, and a gyrus is a deeper groove. D) a gyrus is a ridge, and a sulcus is a groove.
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
404 62) All of the following can lead to hydrocephalus except A) meningitis that scars the arachnoid mater. B) an overactive choroid plexus. C) blockage of the cerebral aqueduct by a small brain tumor. D) Alzheimer's disease.
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
405-407 39) Which of these lobes of the cerebrum lies anterior to the central sulcus? A) occipital lobe B) cerebellum C) temporal lobe D) frontal lobe
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
434 46) The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all of the following except the A) trigeminal. B) facial. C) glossopharyngeal. D) accessory.
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
434, 437-438 57) The primary nerve to muscles of the anterior thigh is the A) sciatic. B) obturator. C) sural. D) femoral.
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
442 16 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 72) The muscles that initiate flexion at the elbow joint (biceps brachii and brachialis) are innervated by what nerve from the lateral cord? A) radial B) median C) ulnar D) musculocutaneous
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
378-379 30) The visual association area of the cerebral cortex is located in the A) frontal lobe. B) insula. C) parietal lobe. D) occipital lobe.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
385 6 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 23) Which of these regions functions to direct nearly all sensory input, except olfactory impulses, to the cerebral cortex? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
388- 389 40) Which region of the cerebellum functionally sequences complex voluntary muscle contractions to adjust posture as body position changes? A) the deep cerebellar nuclei B) white matter C) the cortex D) the flocculonodular lobes
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
390, 399 22) Which of these regions is the largest part of the diencephalon and forms the upper and lateral walls of the third ventricle? A) hypothalamus B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) thalamus
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
395 15 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 68) The main visceral control center of the brain is the A) cerebral cortex. B) thalamus. C) reticular formation. D) hypothalamus.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
398-399 12 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 53) The abstract representation of the homunculus overlaid on the somatosensory cerebral cortex has the A) head and face proximal to the longitudinal fissure. B) feet and ankles distal to the longitudinal fissure. C) thumbs and fingers proximal to the longitudinal fissure. D) genitals proximal to the longitudinal fissure.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
399-401 46) Which of the following is not a hindbrain structure? A) fourth ventricle B) pons C) medulla D) basal nuclei
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
411-412 45) All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the A) hippocampus. B) cingulate gyrus. C) amygdaloid nucleus. D) caudate nucleus.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
429-430 32) Which spinal nerve relays motor impulses to most of the muscles of the posterior forearm? A) ulnar B) median C) axillary D) radial
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
434 43) Which cranial nerves have fibers that relay somatic motor impulses to pharyngeal muscles during swallowing? A) I and II B) V and XII C) VI and VII D) IX and X
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
435 26) An example of an encapsulated receptor is A) a hair follicle receptor. B) a tendon organ. C) a tactile epithelial cell (Merkel disc). D) a lamellar corpuscle (Pacinian corpuscle).
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
438 23) Which cranial nerve pair along with the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves, exits through the jugular foramen? A) IV B) V C) VIII D) XI E) XII
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
438 69) A lesion/injury to the radial nerve causes A) footdrop. B) claw hand. C) the "hand of benediction." D) wrist-drop.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
443 19) The spinal root of which cranial nerve pair innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles? A) IV B) V C) VIII D) XI E) XII
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
444 55) A person who cannot blink or smile could have damage to which cranial nerve? A) I B) III C) V D) VII
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
459 28) A pudendal nerve block may be given A) to treat pain from sciatica. B) in surgery to halt breathing temporarily. C) in surgery to relax the muscles that cover the fibula. D) to a woman giving birth.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
393 13 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 58) A lesion to the inferior olivary nucleus in the medulla would interfere with the function of which other structure(s)? A) spinal motor neurons B) the limbic system C) the reticular formation D) the cerebellum
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
399-400 67) A cerebrovascular accident patient who is unable to recognize faces and objects but can still visually perceive spatial arrangement of objects most likely has damage to A) the primary visual cortex. B) the occipital lobe. C) the posterior association area. D) the temporal lobe.
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
407 14 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 63) Which areas of the brain are most likely to process and store motor skill memories? A) the ependymal cells and ventricles B) the amygdala and cingulate gyrus C) the thalamus and hypothalamus D) the premotor cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
407 8 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. sensory 33) Three "seeing/vision" nuclei that occupy the midbrain of humans are the A) red nucleus, substantia nigra, and cerebral peduncle. B) inferior colliculi, reticular formation, and periaqueductal gray. C) lateral geniculate, red nucleus, and visual association area. D) superior colliculi, motor nucleus for oculomotor nerve, and motor nucleus for trochlear nerve.
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
409 57) The calcarine sulcus contains which functional area? A) primary somatosensory B) auditory association C) frontal eye field D) primary visual
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
438 59) To avoid double vision, which of the following groups of cranial nerves must be functioning correctly? A) I, IX, and X B) VII, VIII, and XII C) V, XI, and XII D) III, IV, and VI
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
455 58) Which of these foramen does not include a branch of the trigeminal nerve? A) mandibular B) ovale C) rotundum D) spinosum
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
659 6 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 22) These are peripheral chemoreceptors that monitor changes in respiratory gasses and blood acidity levels. A) ventral respiratory center B) vagus nerve C) reticular activating system D) carotid bodies E) medulla oblongata
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
654 55) Lung cancer occurs slightly more frequently in the right lung than in the left lung (about 53% versus 47% of the time). The most logical explanation for this is that A) the tissue of the right lung is more susceptible to carcinogens. B) the right nostril is closed more often than the left one, so it blocks the exhalation of cigarette smoke and causes smoke to back up into the right lung. C) most people are right-handed, so everything affects the right side of the body more intensely. D) the right primary bronchus is wider than the left one (and the right lung is larger than the left lung), so the right lung receives slightly more carcinogenic cigarette smoke with each puff.
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
468 3 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 13) Division that is dominant during exercise, excitement, or emergencies. A) parasympathetic B) enteric nervous system C) inferior hypogastric plexus D) sympathetic E) cholinergic
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
476 34) All of the following have only sympathetic innervation except the A) blood vessels. B) sweat glands. C) arrector pili. D) salivary glands.
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
652 11 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 47) An infectious illness that results in the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli is A) tuberculosis. B) emphysema. C) bronchitis. D) pneumonia.
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
656 45) The correct definition of bronchopulmonary segments is A) arbitrary subdivisions of a lung, about as large as a fist (0.3 liter). B) parts of the lung that are easy to remove during surgery. C) parts of the lungs that are separated by the oblique and horizontal fissures. D) parts of the lung that are supplied by a single tertiary bronchus (and its branches).
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
657 38) The left lung A) has three lobes. B) is supplied entirely by a secondary bronchus. C) receives oxygenated blood from the heart via the left pulmonary artery. D) has a cardiac notch.
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
659 39) Which portion of the nasal cavity is lined with sebaceous and sweat glands and numerous hair follicles? A) hard and soft palate B) nasal conchae C) roof (ceiling) D) vestibule
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
659 41) The passageway between the nasopharynx and the middle ear is the A) oval window. B) internal acoustic meatus. C) mastoid sinus. D) pharyngotympanic tube.
Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref
468-469 11 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 54) Which of the following autonomic plexi does not lie on the aorta or on the main branches of the aorta? A) celiac B) superior mesenteric C) inferior mesenteric D) inferior hypogastric
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
470 49) The site of origin of the preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous system is the A) thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord. B) higher brain centers. C) chain and prevertebral ganglia. D) brain stem and the sacral region of the cord.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 17) A class of preganglionic fibers present in both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. A) postganglionic neuron B) adrenergic C) medulla D) cholinergic E) none of the above
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
473 26) The defecation and urination reflexes are integrated in the A) brain stem. B) cerebral cortex. C) hypothalamus. D) spinal cord.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
474 72) Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all of the following except A) constriction of most blood vessels. B) dilation of the vessels serving the skeletal muscles. C) increase in heart rate and force. D) dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
476 68) The ANS stimulates cardiac muscle as well as smooth muscle and glands. Which of the following nerves carries autonomic fibers that increase the rate of cardiac muscle contraction? A) phrenic nerves B) sympathetic nerves from the lower half of the thoracolumbar spinal cord C) vagus nerves D) sympathetic nerves from the middle and inferior cervical ganglion
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
481-482 52) The trunk ganglia contain what kind of cell bodies? A) preganglionic parasympathetic B) postganglionic parasympathetic C) preganglionic sympathetic D) postganglionic sympathetic
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
484 16) Anatomical region of the nasal cavity containing nose hairs. A) nasal septum B) olfactory mucosa C) nasal conchae D) vestibule E) uvula
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
648 29) The rubbing together of inflamed pleural membranes that produces a stabbing pain in the chest is called A) influenza. B) tuberculosis. C) rhinitis. D) pleurisy.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
648 5 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 17) The smallest airway of the bronchial tree that is primarily responsible for creating bronchoconstriction. A) primary bronchi B) bronchiopulmonary segment C) lobe of lung D) bronchiole E) alveoli sac
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
654 51) In the wall of the trachea and bronchi, the cartilage rings lie within which tissue layer? A) inner epithelium B) mucosa C) submucosa D) fibromusculocartilaginous layer
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
654-655 60) The pharyngeal tonsil is A) scattered throughout the pharynx. B) in the fauces. C) the largest tonsil. D) synonymous with the adenoids in the roof of the nasopharynx.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
656, 668 56) The main function of the elaborate venous plexus in the nasal mucosa is A) diapedesis of leukocytes. B) to replace vessels broken in nose bleeds. C) to supply extra blood to the brain and supplement the dural sinuses. D) to warm blood and moisten inhaled air.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
659 64) Alveolar pores A) allow gases to transfer from the alveoli to the blood. B) allow pleural fluid to enter the alveoli and keep their walls from sticking together. C) are the openings between the alveolar duct and the alveolus. D) equalize air pressure throughout the lung.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
659 65) The space between the right and left vocal folds is called the A) laryngeal inlet. B) cricoid. C) vestibule. D) rima glottidis.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
666 74) In a preserved cadaver, the first rib is likely to form a groove on which surface of the lung? A) basal B) mediastinal C) inferior costal D) apical (apex)
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
671 48) The respiratory mucosa is present throughout each of the following areas except the A) bronchi. B) nasal cavity. C) nasopharynx. D) superior laryngopharynx.
Answer: D Diff: 2 Page Ref
471 4 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 18) Short nerve branches that connect the ventral rami of spinal nerves to the sympathetic ganglia. A) hypothalamus B) medulla C) medulla oblongata D) rami communicantes E) sympathetic trunk
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
472 66) Identify the pathway that correctly traces the movement of preganglionic sympathetic fibers. A) dorsal root to gray ramus communicans to sympathetic trunk ganglion B) dorsal root to sympathetic trunk ganglion to gray ramus communicans C) ventral root to sympathetic trunk ganglion to white ramus communicans D) ventral root to white ramus communicans to sympathetic trunk ganglion
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
480 70) Sympathetic fibers leave the spinal cord in the A) craniosacral regions, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine. B) thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine. C) craniosacral regions, and the postganglionic fibers secrete acetylcholine. D) thoracolumbar region, and the postganglionic fibers secrete norepinephrine.
Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref
396-398 11) Which cranial nerve, along with cranial nerve pair II, relays specific somatic sensory impulses? A) I B) II C) IV D) V E) VIII
Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref
434, 436 13) Which cranial nerve pair has two sensory branches which both pass through the internal acoustic meatus? A) I B) II C) IV D) V E) VIII
Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref
436-437 17) Which cranial nerve pair, similar to cranial nerve II, runs through a canal that bears the same name? A) IV B) V C) VIII D) XI E) XII
Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref
443 18) Damage to which cranial nerve pair can cause difficulties in speech and swallowing? A) IV B) V C) VIII D) XI E) XII
Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref
470-471 11) Cell body of this autonomic neuron lies outside the CNS. A) collateral ganglia B) rami communicantes C) pre-ganglionic neuron D) splanchnic nerves E) post-ganglionic neuron
Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref
653 24) Specific location within the lungs where gas exchange occurs. A) terminal bronchioles B) carina C) bronchopulmonary segments D) alveoli E) respiratory membrane
Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref
428 4) Exteroceptors process information from visceral organs.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref
448 14.2 True/False Questions 1) When you contract your Biceps brachii muscle, you are utilizing the somatic sensory portion of the nervous system.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Page Ref
380 7) Spinal nerve pairs in the cervical region of the spinal cord are found inferior to the vertebral bodies of the same number.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
383 9) Cerebrospinal fluid passes through choroidal villi to enter the superior sagittal sinus.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
404 10) The reticular activating system (RAS) contains structures that regulate and cause emotional responses.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
428 2) Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions are part of the somatic motor nervous division.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
442 18 Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. 13) A nerve plexus is formed by interconnected dorsal and ventral rami of spinal nerves.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref
448 15) An interoceptor receives information from receptors in the skin, such as temperature, pressure, and pain.
Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref