Anatomy Tri 1 Final

stratum basale

The lowest layer of the epidermis where cells are reproducing:

pulmonary artery

The right ventricle pumps blood to (blank).

lining of digestive tract

Where is simple columnar epithelium mainly located?

stratum corneum

Which layer of skin is associated with dandruff, calluses, and corns?

myocardium

Which layer of the heart wall consists of twisted cardiac muscle?

arthritis

A common term for chronic inflammation is (blank).

in the hip

A ball and socket joint is located (blank).

anemia

A decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, for any reason, is a condition known as (blank).

heart attack

A myocardial infarction is also known as a (blank).

process

A part of the bone that protrudes or sticks out is called the (blank).

Hypertrophy.

A person who exhibits very large muscles has the condition of (blank).

B, O

A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s) (blank).

fibrillation

A problem with the SA node or AV node can result in which heart problem?

all of the above

Aging skin has (blank). (less collagen, less elastin, and more transparency, or all of the above)

cartilaginous joints

All of the following are synovial joints except (blank). (cartilaginous joints, gliding joints, saddle joints, and hinge joints.)

scoliosis

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is called (blank).

matrix

An intracellular substance in which tissue is housed or embedded is called (blank).

all of these

Anaerobic respiration: (Causes fatigue, produces lactic acid, produces oxygen debt, all of these, none of these)

move mucus or eggs

Ciliated epithelium functions to (blank).

red marrow

Blood cells made in the bone are called (blank). (This was really poorly worded on her test. The answer is red marrow)

systolic

Blood pressure is measured with two numbers, 120/80 for instance. The first number is referred to as the (blank) pressure.

a bicarbonate ion

Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood mostly as (blank).

parallel collagen fibers

Dense connective tissue gets its strength from its matrix. What is the composition of this matrix?

ligaments and tendons

Dense connective tissue is mainly located in (blank).

right atria

Deoxygenated blood is first received by which chamber of the heart?

creatine phosphate

During short periods (10-15 seconds) of intense exercise, muscles will use which of the following for fuel?

vertebrae and other joints

Fibro cartilage is mainly located between (blank).

Hypertension

High blood pressure is also know as (blank).

second

Hyaline cartilage is digested away leaving a cavity in the newly formed bone in what step of bone formation?

tricuspid valve

If blood was leaking back from the right ventricle to the right atrium, which of the valves is involved?

Angina

If there is a brief lack of oxygen to the heart muscle, it could be which condition?

positive

If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh (blank).

ventricular depolarization

In an ECG, the qrs complex corresponds with which of the following? (atrial repolarization, ventricular repolarization, ventricular depolarization, or atrial depolarization)

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Located in the skin, this tissue functions mainly to protect from injury.

in the dermis of the skin

Loose connective tissue is mainly located (blank).

melanocytes

Melanin is produced by the (blank).

melanin

Melanocytes contribute to skin color by producing a pigment called (blank).

Vitamin D

Rickets is caused by deficiency of which vitamin?

in the epiphysis

Spongy bone is located (blank).

C-shaped tracheal cartilages

Structures in the trachea that prevent its collapse are the (blank).

eccrine

Sweat glands located all over the body are called (blank).

Eccrine glands or Apocrine glands

Sweat is produced by (blank).

left ventricle

The aorta receives blood from which part of the heart?

All of the above

The exchange of the respiratory gases takes place between which of the following? (the pulmonary capillaries and the air within the alveoli, the pulmonary capillaries and the interstital fluid that surrounds the cell, the systemic capillaries and the interstitial fluid that surrounds the cells, or all of the above)

cover or lining of organs

The function of epithelial tissues is (blank).

adipose tissue

The hypodermis consists of loose connective tissue and (blank).

smooth

The intestines consist of which type of muscle?

firbrous joint

The joints in the skull are called (blank).

pulmonary vein

The left atria receives blood from (blank).

plasma

The matrix for blood is (blank).

myelin

The matrix for the bone cells and the skeletal system includes all the following except (blank). (myelin, collagen, calcium, phosphorus)

left atria and left ventricle

The mitral valve is in between which two chambers of the heart?

periosteum

The outer covering of bone is known as (blank).

pericardium

The outer membrane of the heart is known as (blank).

SA node

The pacemaker of the intrinsic conduction system of the heart is the (blank).

dermis

The papillary layer is part of the (blank).

Sarcomere

The part of a skeletal muscle from z-line to z-line is called (blank).

ossification

The process of bone formation from cartilage is called (blank).

acne

The sebaceous gland is responsible for which condition?

Diaphysis

The shaft of a long bone is called (blank).

Epiphyseal plate

The site of bone growth on a long bone is called (blank).

red marrow

The spaces of trabeculae are filled with what material?

septum

The structure dividing the right and left side of the heart is called (blank).

right atria

The superior vena cava and inferior vena cava empty blood into which part of the heart?

arteries, veins, and capillaries

The three major blood vessels that make up the cardiovascular system are the (blank).

tissue

What are similar cells with the same function?

Acetylcholine

What causes an action potential to begin in muscle fibers?

birthmarks

What is a congenital disorder of the capillaries of the dermis?

medullary cavity

What is filled with yellow marrow (adipose tissue)?

hemoglobin

What is necessary for the transport of oxygen by an erythrocyte?

acne

What is not a viral infection of the skin?

SA node-AV node-AV bundle-Pukinje Network

What is the correct order for the electrical signal in a heart beat?

coagulation

What is the final step of hemostasis in which the formation of a blood clot is accomplished?

erythropoietin

What is the hormone that increases red blood cell production?

atoms-molecules-cells-tissues

What is the list of body organization terms in the correct order?

All of these

What is the main function of adipose tissue? (energy, padding, insulation, or All of these)

diapedesis

What is the name of the process by which white blood cells move in and out of blood vessels?

fibrinogen

What long, hairlike molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation?

collagen and elastin (D. A and C)

What makes the reticular layer strong and elastic?

hemoglobin

What part of a red blood cell binds and transports oxygen?

chordae tendinae

What prevents valves from inverting into the atria?

fat

What would skeletal muscles use for fuel during aerobic respiration?

A-band

Where do actin and myosin overlap?

red bone marrow

Where does hematopoiesis occur to produce new red blood cells?

Both A and C

Where would you find oxygenated blood? (aorta, right ventricle, left ventricle, or both a and c)

hypodermis

Which answer is not a function of the skin? (temperature regulation, excretion, protection, or hypodermis?)

AB

Which blood type is referred to as the "universal recipient" since it can receive blood types A, B, AB, and O?

left ventricle

Which chamber of the heart has the thickest walls?

Calcium and ATP (E. A and B only)

Which chemicals must be present for muscles to contract?

erythrocyte

Which formed element is the most abundant in blood?

compression fracture

Which fracture is common in older people due to osteoporosis?

impacted fracture

Which fracture is common when a person tries to break their fall with outstretched arms?

trabeculae

Which of the following are not features of compact bone? (osteocytes, Haversian canals, lamellae, trabeculae)

hemophilia

Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder? (polycythemia, hemophilia, leukocytosis, leukopenia, anemia)

assists in ventricle contraction

Which of the following is not a function of the pericardium? (protection, anchors heart to other structures, provides lubrication to reduce friction, or assists in ventricle contraction)

help transmit impulses from place to place

Which of the following is not a function of the skeletal system? (maintain body shape, help transmit impulses from place to place, protect organs, or provide levers for movement)

epithelium

Which of the following is not one of the layers of an artery or vein? (connective tissue, smooth muscles, epithelium, and endothelium)

sutures

Which of the following is not part of a synovial joint?

Oxygen

Which of the following must be present for aerobic respiration (carbon dioxide, lactic acid, glucose, or oxygen)

artery

Which of the following takes blood away from the heart? (artery, vein, blood vessel, none of these)

vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation

Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis?

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Which structure contains large amounts of calcium used for muscle?

A, B, and C

Which structures are formed by keratinization? (Hair, stratum corneum, nails, none of these, or A, B, and C)

Columnar epithelium

Which tissue consists of long rectangular cells packed close together

Compact bone

Which type of bone is a solid matrix with tightly packed cells?

Hyaline cartilage

Which type of cartilage covers the ends of bones?

osteocytes

Which type of cell makes up bones?

basophils

Which type of granulocyte releases histamine at sites of inflammation?

eosinophil

Which type of leukocyte kills parasitic worms by deluging them with digestive enzymes?

skeletal (cardiac)

Which type of muscle is striated? (pick one)

Basal cell carcinoma

Which type of skin cancer is the most frequently occurring?

ciliated epithelium

Which type of tissue is located in the trachea and fallopian tubes?

Epithelial

Which type of tissue regenerates?

granulocytes

White blood cells containing granules and lobed nuclei are classified as (blank).

a nucleus and most organelles

White blood cells differ from red blood cells because only they contain (blank).

to inhibit the formation of clots

Why do you think the Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin, an anticoagulant?