Anatomy Weekly Quizzes 2
Glossopharyngeal nerve
A 10 year old girl is admitted to the hospital with a sore throat, earache and a high fever. Examination of her throat reveals redness and swelling of the palatine tonsils. Her right tympanic membrane is red and bulging. Her medical history indicates that she has had chronic inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, including the pharyngeal tonsil. Following antibiotics, the girl's inflection clears up, but a few months later she is readmitted to the hospital for removal of her palatine tonsils [tonsillectomy] and pharyngeal tonsils [adenoidectomy]. The girl experiences considerable bleeding during the removal of her palatine tonsil. Pain sensations from the patient's middle ear and internal surface of the tympanic membrane is conveyed by which of the following nerves?
Jugulodigastric
A 10 year old girl is admitted to the hospital with a sore throat, earache and a high fever. Examination of her throat reveals redness and swelling of the palatine tonsils. Her right tympanic membrane is red and bulging. Her medical history indicates that she has had chronic inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, including the pharyngeal tonsil. Following antibiotics, the girl's inflection clears up, but a few months later she is readmitted to the hospital for removal of her palatine tonsils [tonsillectomy] and pharyngeal tonsils [adenoidectomy]. The girl experiences considerable bleeding during the removal of her palatine tonsil. Which of the following lymph nodes are most likely to be enlarged in the patient?
Both statements are true
A 10-year-old girl is admitted to the hospital with a sore throat, earache and a high fever. Examination of her throat reveals redness and swelling of the palatine tonsils. Her right tympanic membrane is red and bulging. Her medical history indicates that she has had chronic inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, including the pharyngeal tonsil. Following antibiotics, the girl's inflection clears up, but a few months later she is readmitted to the hospital for removal of her palatine tonsils [tonsillectomy] and pharyngeal tonsils [adenoidectomy]. The girl experiences considerable bleeding during the removal of her palatine tonsil. The external palatine vein was a likely source of the hemorrhaging. The external palatine vein communicates with the pterygoid plexus of veins.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
A branch of CN III carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary ganglion. Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the ciliary ganglion innervate the lacrimal gland.
Both statements are false.
A branch of CN VII carries postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary ganglion. Postganglionic parasymapathetic fibers from the ciliary ganglion innervate the lacrimal gland.
Both statements are true.
A condyle is a smooth rounded projection on a bone that articulates with a complementary region on another bone. A fossa is a depression in bone.
Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
A lesion of the primary motor cortex may cause paralysis on the opposite side of the body, because the upper motor neuron crosses over [decussate] the midline.
The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct
A lesion of the superior cervical ganglion will cause persistent dilation of the pupil, because parasympathetics to the dilator pupillae muscle synapse at the superior cervical ganglion.
Jugulodigastric
A malignant tumor of the palatine tonsil would probably first metastasize to which lymph node?
Only deep cervical nodes on the right side and deep cervical nodes on the left side
A malignant tumor was found in the anterior half of the tongue near the midline but not at the tip. Metastases from the tumor would most likely be found first in which lymph nodes?
petroympanic fissure. [All of the following openings are found in the temporal bone: carotid canal; external acoustic [auditory] meatus; foramen ovale; internal acoustic meatus.]
All of the following openings are found in the temporal bone EXCEPT the ...
foramen spinosum [All of the following openings are found in the temporal bone: tympanic canaliculus; carotid canal; external acoustic [auditory] meatus; petroympanic fissure]
All of the following openings are found in the temporal bone EXCEPT the:
the submandibular gland. [All of the following structures are found in the posterior triangle: the suprascapular artery; the accessory nerve; inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle; the brachial plexus [the trunks].]
All of the following structures EXCEPT one are found in the posterior triangle. What is the EXCEPTION?
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
As an infant develops, the anterior fontanelle becomes bregma. As an infant develops, the posterior fontanelle becomes asterion.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true
Both the serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior are innervated by dorsal rami of spinal nerves. The intrinsic muscles of the back are innervated by dorsal rami of spinal nerves.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
Both the skull and vertebrae are parts of the appendicular skeleton. The sacrum and the ribs are parts of the axial skeleton.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
CSF is produced by the choroid plexus. The choroid plexuses are located within the subarachnoid space.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false
Damage to the zygomatic nerve may affect the ability of the lacrimal gland to produce tears. Preganglionic parasympathetics travel with a branch of the zygomatic nerve.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false
Damage to the zygomatic nerve may affect the ability of the lacrimal gland to produce tears. Postganglionic parasympathetics from the ciliary ganglion travel with a branch of the zygomatic nerve.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true
Foramen ovale connects the middle cranial fossa with the pterygopalatine fossa. Foramen spinosum connects the infratemporal fossa with the middle cranial fossa.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
Foramen spinosum opens into the infratemporal fossa. Foramen ovale opens into the pterygopalatine fossa.
pterygopalatine.
Glands in the lining membrane of the nasal cavity receive postganglionic parasympathetic innervation from which of the following ganglia?
postganglionic sympathetic fibers.
Gray rami communicantes are primarily composed of which of the following?
cricothyroid ligament
If an object lodges between the vocal cords an emergency airway may best be opened in the:
mandibular canal
Ignore the arrow! It is not part of the question. The structure labeled 60 in the image is
Mastoid processes
In an AP view of the skull, the X-rays passed from anterior to posterior. Which structure(s) are clearest in the radiograph?
Both statements are true.
In anatomical position, the fibula is lateral to the tibia. The ulna articulates with both the femur and the tibia.
Branches of the superior alveolar nerves supply both the sinus and the teeth
In maxillary sinusitis, occasionally there is pain perceived in the maxillary teeth. The best explanation for this is
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
In synovial joints the articular ends of bones are covered by hyaline cartilage. Synovial joints lack a capsule.
only glandular and tonsillar
In the neck, which of the following arteries is/are direct branches of the facial artery?
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
In the temporomandibular joint [TMJ] gliding movement occurs in the upper compartment. Gliding movement occurs in the lower compartment of the TMJ.
Both statements are true
In the temporomandibular joint [TMJ] gliding movement occurs in the upper compartment. Hinge movement occurs in the lower compartment of the TMJ.
the zygomatic.
In which of the following bones is the infraorbital foramen located?
the nucleus ambiguus
In which of the following nuclei are the cell bodies of the motor fibers in the pharyngeal plexus located?
Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
Lumbar punctures are usually safely performed between L4and L5, because the spinal cord usually ends between L1 and L2.
CN VII
Nervus intermedius is the parasympathetic and sensory root of which of the follow cranial nerves?
CN VII
Nervus intermedius is the parasympathetic and sensory root of which of the following cranial nerves?
none of the above
Nervus intermedius is the parasympathetic and sensory root of which of the following cranial nerves?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Pain sensations from the patient's middle ear and internal surface of the tympanic membrane is conveyed by which of the following nerves?
Both statements are false
Papillary muscles are found in the left atrium. The musculae pectinatae are located in the right ventricle.
Both statements are true
Parasympathetics from the nerve of the pterygoid canal synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion. Postganglionic sympathetics from the deep petrosal nerve pass through the pterygopalatine ganglion.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
Pterion is an area on the side of the skull where the frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones are close together. Lambda is an area where the occipital, temporal, and parietal bones all articulate.
Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
Removal of the parotid gland can result in paralysis to the muscles of facial expression because CN VII innervates these muscles and passes through the gland.
More
Structures that look whiter in an X-ray of the skull are ____ calcified than structures that look blacker.
Both the statement and reason are correct and related
Superior vena cava syndrome results in head and neck edema [swelling] because the superior vena cava is compressed.
recurrent laryngeal
Surgery was performed on a patient to remove most of an enlarged thyroid gland. After surgery the patient complained of a hoarse voice. This was most likely the result of damage to the ___ nerve during the surgery.
Both statements are false.
The arachnoid is the toughest/strongest of the three layers of meninges. The CSF [cerebrospinal fluid] is produced in the subdural space.
Both statements are true.
The axillary vein is formed by the joining of the basilic vein and brachial veins. The cephalic vein drains into the axillary vein.
Both statements are false
The axillary vein is formed by the joining of the basilic vein and brachial veins. The cephalic vein drains into the subclavian vein.
Both statements are true
The bicuspid valve is found in the left ventricle. The left ventricle is supplied primarily by blood from the left coronary artery.
Both statements are true.
The cervical and lumbar curvatures of the vertebral column are secondary curvatures. Secondary curvatures develop postnatally.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false
The cords of the brachial plexus are named by their relationships to the axillary artery. The lateral and posterior cords contribute to the formation of the median nerve.
Both statements are false
The coronoid process of the mandible articulates with the temporal bone. The external auditory [acoustic] meatus is anterior to the mandibular [glenoid] fossa.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
The coronoid process of the mandible articulates with the temporal bone. The external auditory [acoustic] meatus is posterior to the mandibular [glenoid] fossa.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
The divisions of the brachial plexus are named by their relationships to the brachial artery. The lateral and medial cords contribute to the formation of the median nerve.
Both statements are false.
The dorsal rootlets carry efferent nerve fibers. The ventral rami of spinal nerves carry only efferent nerve fibers.
the anterior division of the mandibular nerve
The efferent supply to the muscle which attaches to the structure indicated by the arrow tip is direct branch of:
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
The external jugular vein lies superficial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The external jugular vein is formed by the maxillary vein and the anterior division of the retromandibular vein.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
The face does not receive a blood supply from branches derived from the internal carotid artery. The face receives blood from branches of the external carotid artery.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
The frontal bone contributes to the formation of the floor of the orbit. The cribiform plate is part of the ethmoid bone.
Both statements are true
The glossopharyngeal nerve supplies the nasopharynx inferior to the torus tubarius. The maxillary nerve supplies the nasopharynx superior to torus tubarious.
Both statements are false
The glossopharyngeal nerve supplies the nasopharynx superior to the torus tubarius. The maxillary nerve supplies the nasopharynx inferior to torus tubarious.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
The innervation for the mandibular dentition passes through the pterygopalatine fossa. The blood supply for maxillary dentition passes through the pterygopalatine fossa.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true
The innervation for the mandibular dentition passes through the pterygopalatine fossa. The blood supply for maxillary dentition passes through the pterygopalatine fossa.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
The laryngopharynx is located anterior to cervical vertebrae C2-C3. The laryngopharynx is located posterior to the larynx.
Both statements are true
The laryngopharynx is located anterior to cervical vertebrae C4-C6. The laryngopharynx is located posterior to the larynx.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true
The lungs are inside the pleural cavities. The pleural recesses are parts of the pleural cavities.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
The lungs are inside the pleural cavities. The pleural recesses are parts of the pleural cavities.
Both statements are true
The maxilla and the palatine bones form the hard palate. The greater palatine foramen is found in the palatine bone.
Both statements are false
The median nerve innervates the hypothenar compartment. The radial nerve innervates most of the muscles of the hand.
is derived from the 1st branchial arch
The muscle with the tendon that wraps around the structure indicated by the arrow tip:
The first statement is true, the second statement is false
The nasopalatine nerve travels with the sphenopalatine artery into the nasal cavity. They enter the oral cavity through the greater palatine canal.
stylomastoid.
The nerve supplying efferent fibers to the muscles of facial expression exits the skull through which of the following foramina?
is a branch of the maxillary nerve [V2]; supplies sensory fibers to the maxillary dentition; supplies sensory fibers to the face [A, B, and C]
The nerve that passes through the opening indicated by the arrow tip:
Both statements are true
The palatovaginal and vomerovaginal canals connect the pterygopalatine fossa to the nasopharynx. The palatovaginal and vomerovaginal canals transmit branches of V2.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false.
The pterygomaxillary fissure connects the infratemporal fossa with the pterygopalatine fossa. The foramen ovale connects the pterygopalatine fossa with the anterior cranial fossa.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false
The radial nerve innervates the extensor compartment of the arm. The musculocutaneous nerve innervates most of the muscles of the hand.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true.
The roots of the brachial plexus are from the posterior rami of C1-C4. The roots of the brachial plexus form the superior, middle and inferior trunks.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false
The sphenoid and the vomer contribute to the nasal septum. The inferior nasal concha is part of the ethmoid bone.
Disc between T5 and T6 [The sternal angle is a landmark for all of the following structures: Costal cartilage of the 2nd Rib; Bifurcation of trachea; Inferior border of the superior mediastinum]
The sternal angle is a landmark for all of the following structures or borders EXCEPT one. What is the EXCEPTION?
Orbit
The structure [space] at the arrow is
The first statement is true the second is false
The superior group of the deep cervical chain of lymph nodes is secondary to all lymph nodes in the head and neck except for the deep cervical chain below the omohyoid. The superior group of the deep cervical chain of lymph nodes is located along the upper length of the external jugular vein.
Both statements are false.
The sympathetic system originates in the brainstem and sacral spinal segments. The parasympathetic system originates between T1 and L2 spinal segments.
Both statements are true
The thoracic and sacral curvatures of the vertebral column are primary curvatures. Secondary curvatures develop postnatally.
The first statement is false, the second statement is true
The tricuspid valve is found in the left ventricle. The left ventricle is supplied primarily by blood from the left coronary artery.
The first statement is true, the second statement is false
Ventral roots and rootlets carry efferent nerve fibers. Dorsal rami of spinal nerves carry only afferent nerve fibers.
nasopharynx and oropharynx
What 2 regions are connected through the pharyngeal isthmus?
****Ask a professor about this one: Don't know if the answer is "Ethmoidal air cell" or "Sphenoid sinus"
What structure is the red arrow tip indicating?
****Ask a professor about this one: Don't know if the answer is "foramen rotundum" or "pterygoid canal'
What structure is the red arrow tip indicating?
lateral pterygoid plate
What structure is the red arrow tip indicating?
the coronoid process
What structure is the red arrow tip indicating?
taste
What type of nerve fibers travel through the passageway indicated by the arrow tip?
mesencephalic nucleus
Where are the first order [primary] afferent neuron cell bodies involved with the proprioception of the muscles of mastication located?
The floor of the maxillary sinus is lower than the floor of the oral cavity [Correct statements: The floor of the maxillary sinus is part of the roof of the oral cavity; The roof of the maxillary sinus is part of the floor of the orbit; The maxillary sinus drains into the middle meatus of the nasal cavity]
Which description of the relationship of the maxillary sinus to other cavities is INCORRECT?
superior head of the lateral pterygoid
Which muscle has its primary insertion into the articular disc [meniscus]?
infraorbital
Which nerve provides afferent fibers to the superior labial fold [sulcus]?
crista galli and the cribiform plate are located in the middle cranial fossa. [True statements: foramen spinosum and foramen ovale are located in the middle cranial fossa; the jugular foramen and foramen magnum are located in the posterior cranial fossa; foramen rotundum and the hiatus for the greater petrosal nerve are located in the middle cranial fossa; the superior orbital fissure and the pituitary fossa are located in the middle cranial fossa]
Which of the flowing statements is FALSE?
foramen lacerum.
Which of the following are located in the middle cranial fossa?
glandular; tonsillar; ascending palatine [A, B, and C]
Which of the following arteries are branches of the facial artery?
posterior ethmoidal; anterior ethmoidal; superior labial [A, B, and C]
Which of the following arteries bring blood to the nasal septum?
celiac
Which of the following arteries is the primary arterial supply to the stomach?
renal; posterior intercostal; ovarian [A, B, and C]
Which of the following arteries is/are a direct branch of the aorta?
only the deep auricular and the accessory meningeal.
Which of the following arteries is/are branches of the 1st part (bony part) of the maxillary artery?
the anterior tympanic; the accessory meningeal; the deep auricular [A, B, and C]
Which of the following arteries is/are branches of the 1st part [bony part] of the maxillary artery?
the anterior tympanic; the accessory meningeal; the inferior alveolar [A, B, and C]
Which of the following arteries is/are branches of the 1st part [bony part] of the maxillary artery?
ascending pharyngeal; ascending palatine; superior thyroid [A, B, and C]
Which of the following arteries supply the pharynx?
anterior tympanic; posterior tympanic [only A & B]
Which of the following arteries travel with the chorda tympani?
the 4th branchial arch.
Which of the following branchial [pharyngeal] arches does NOT give rise to anatomical structures in the adult?
CN III.
Which of the following cranial nerves carry preganglionic parasympathetic fibers out of the brain?
CN V
Which of the following cranial nerves is the afferent limb of the corneal reflex?
CN I
Which of the following cranial nerves may be observed in the anterior cranial fossa?
CN III and CN IV [only A & B]
Which of the following cranial nerves may be observed in the middle cranial fossa?
CN III; CN IV; CN V [A, B, and C]
Which of the following cranial nerves may be observed in the middle cranial fossa?
the occipital sinus.
Which of the following dural venous sinuses drain directly into, or away from, the confluence of sinuses?
the inferior sagittal sinus.
Which of the following dural venous sinuses is located in the inferior [non-attached] border of the falx cerebri?
posterior ethmoidal air cells
Which of the following empties into the superior meatus of the nasal cavity?
geniculate
Which of the following ganglia is sensory?
pterygopalatine ganglion and superior cervical ganglion
Which of the following ganglia is/are associated with the autonomic supply to the superior labial glands?
A, B, and C. [the anterior cerebral artery; the middle cerebral artery; the posterior communicating artery]
Which of the following is a branch of the internal carotid artery?
the otic ganglion.
Which of the following is a parasympathetic ganglion?
stylopharyngeus
Which of the following is not a part [a head of origin of] the superior pharyngeal constrictor?
A, B, and C [the inferior salivatory nucleus; the Edinger-Westphal nucleus; the superior salivatory nucleus]
Which of the following is parasympathetic nucleus?
the lesser splanchnic nerve
Which of the following is the primary source of preganglionic sympathetic fibers to the ascending colon?
the lumbar splanchnic nerves
Which of the following is the primary source of preganglionic sympathetic fibers to the descending colon?
only A & B. [the superior thyroid artery and the facial artery]
Which of the following is/are a branch of the external carotid artery?
the lingual artery; the facial artery; the posterior auricular artery [A, B, and C]
Which of the following is/are a branch of the external carotid artery?
the anterior longitudinal ligament
Which of the following ligaments connect the bodies of adjacent vertebrae?
the ligamentum flavum.
Which of the following ligaments connect the lamina of adjacent vertebrae?
stylopharyngeus [The following muscles receive efferent fibers from the pharyngeal plexus: palatopharyngeus; levator veli palatini; salpingopharyngeus; palatoglossus]
Which of the following muscles does not receive efferent fibers from the pharyngeal plexus?
tensor veli palatini
Which of the following muscles does not receive efferent fibers from the pharyngeal plexus?
lateral pterygoid.
Which of the following muscles has a partial insertion into the articular disc (meniscus) of the temporomandibular joint?
lateral pterygoid
Which of the following muscles has a partial insertion into the articular disc [meniscus] of the temporomandibular joint?
orbicularis oris.
Which of the following muscles is a constrictor of the oral fissure?
levator palpebrae superioris
Which of the following muscles is a dilator of the palpebral fissure?
Inferior oblique
Which of the following muscles is responsible for rotating the pupil superiorly?
cricothyroid, cricopharyngeus, thyropharyngeus [A, B, and C]
Which of the following muscles is/are generally NOT supplied with efferent fibers from the pharyngeal plexus?
trapezius; rhomboid major; serratus posterior inferior [A, B, and C]
Which of the following muscles of the back is/are classified as extrinsic?
the inferior oblique
Which of the following muscles receives efferent fibers from CN III?
sternocleidomastoid.
Which of the following muscles receives efferent fibers from CN XI?
styloglossus
Which of the following muscles receives efferent fibers from CN XII?
long buccal
Which of the following nerves are branches of the anterior division of the mandibular nerve [V3]?
oculomotor and trochlear [only A & B]
Which of the following nerves are located in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus?
CN IX
Which of the following nerves attaches at the medulla oblongata?
CN IX, CN X, CN XI, CN XII [All of the above]
Which of the following nerves attaches at the medulla oblongata?
the lingual nerve
Which of the following nerves carries both preganglionic parasympathetic fibers and postganglionic parasympathetic fibers?
the auriculotemporal nerve, the lingual nerve, and the lacrimal nerve.
Which of the following nerves carry postganglionic parasympathetic "hitch-hiking" fibers?
the auriculotemporal nerve; the lacrimal nerve; the lingual nerve [A, B, and C]
Which of the following nerves carry postganglionic parasympathetic "hitch-hiking" fibers?
Thoracodorsal [middle subscapular]
Which of the following nerves innervates latissimus dorsi muscle?
Long thoracic
Which of the following nerves innervates serratus anterior?
auricular and superior laryngeal [only A and B]
Which of the following nerves is/are a branch of CN X?
masseteric; posterior deep temporal; long buccal [A, B, and C]
Which of the following nerves is/are a branch of the anterior division of the mandibular nerve?
inferior alveolar
Which of the following nerves is/are a branch of the posterior division of the mandibular nerve?
posterior deep temporal; auriculotemporal; masseteric [A, B, and C]
Which of the following nerves may contribute afferent fibers to the temporomandibular joint?
posterior superior alveolar
Which of the following nerves passes into the infratemporal fossa through the pterygomaxillary fissure?
CN X
Which of the following nerves supplies efferent fibers to muscles derived from the 4th and 6th branchial arches?
CN V; CN VII; CN X [A, B, and C]
Which of the following nerves supply afferent fibers to the lateral side of the tympanic membrane?
maxillary artery; posterior superior alveolar nerve [only A & B]
Which of the following pass through the opening indicated by the arrow tip?
emissary veins do not connect dural sinuses with veins outside of cranial cavity. [True statements concerning the emissary veins: emissary veins in general lack functional valves that direct the flow of venous blood; emissary veins pass through various openings in the skull; emissary veins can allow infections to pass from extracranial to intracranial sites; an emissary vein passes through the foramen of Vesalius, when the foramen is present]
Which of the following statements concerning the emissary veins is FALSE?
C1 frequently supplies cutaneous sensory fibers to the face [True statements: synapses occur at paravertebral ganglia; first order proprioceptive sensory neuron cell bodies are located in the mesencephalic nucleus; the roots of the hypoglossal nerve emerge from the medulla oblongata between the pyramid and the olive; the internal carotid nerve is composed of postganglionic sympathetic fibers]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
CN IX distributes motor fibers to the pharyngeal plexus [True statements: the neurotransmitter at sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia is acetylcholine; the superior laryngeal nerve and the recurrent laryngeal nerve each carry motor and sensory fibers; the motor fibers in the pharyngeal plexus have their cell bodies located in the nucleus ambiguus the tympanic nerve carries both parasympathetic and sensory fibers]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
CN IX supplies efferent fibers to the pharyngeal plexus [True statements: CN IX and CN X supply afferent fibers to the pharyngeal plexus; CN X distributes efferent fibers to the pharyngeal plexus; CN IX supplies parasympathetic fibers to the pharyngeal plexus; the superior cervical ganglion supplies postganglionic sympathetic fibers to the pharyngeal plexus]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
CN IX supplies efferent fibers to the pharyngeal plexus [True statements: CN IX supplies afferent fibers to the pharyngeal plexus; CN V supplies afferent fibers to the nasopharynx above the torus tubarius; CN X distributes efferent fibers to the pharyngeal plexus; the superior cervical ganglion supplies postganglionic sympathetic fibers to the pharyngeal plexus]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
CN VII supplies afferent fibers to the pharyngeal plexus [True statements: CN IX and CN X supply afferent fibers to the pharyngeal plexus; the superior cervical ganglion supplies postganglionic sympathetic fibers to the pharyngeal plexus; CN X distributes efferent fibers to the pharyngeal plexus; CN IX supplies parasympathetic fibers to the pharyngeal plexus]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
accessory mandibular foramina are more frequent on the lateral [external] surface of the mandible [True statements: accessory mandibular foramina are closely associated with the mylohyoid groove; branches from the nerve to the mylohyoid may on occasion enter accessory foramina of the mandible; the mylohyoid groove is inferior to the mylohyoid line; the nerve to the mylohyoid may play a role in the sensory innervation of the posterior mandibular dentition]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
both the ascending and descending colon are intraperitoneal [True statements: the parietal emissary veins connect veins of the scalp with the superior sagittal sinus; the left vagus nerve passes in the thorax on the lateral surface of the arch of the aorta; both the esophagus and thoracic duct travel through the posterior mediastinum; the greater palatine canal opens into the oral cavity through the greater and lesser palatine foramina]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
both the cervical plexus and the subclavian vein pass through the interscalene triangle [True statements: the thoracic duct empties into the venous system at the junction of the left internal jugular vein and the right subclavian vein; the contents of the carotid sheath include the CN X, the internal jugular vein and the common carotid artery; the vertebral artery is a direct branch of the subclavian artery; the brachiocephalic trunk [artery] divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery posterior to the right sternoclavicular joint]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
branches of CN XI supply sensory fibers to the valleculae [True statements: the middle and anterior superior alveolar nerves are branches of the infraorbital nerve; the tensor veli palatini is derived from the 1st branchial arch; both the lingual nerve and CN XII pass lateral to the hyoglossus muscle; branches of both the ophthalmic nerve and the maxillary nerve supply sensory fibers to the nasal cavity]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
branches of the right and left external carotid arteries do not usually anastomose with each other [True statements: the great cerebral vein and the inferior sagittal sinus flow into the straight sinus; the mastoid emissary veins connect the sigmoid sinus with superficial veins of the posterior scalp; the dorsal nasal artery travels with the infratrochlear nerve; the vestibular and cochlear arteries are branches of the labyrinthine artery]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
efferent neurons are sensory neurons. [each branchial arch is associated with a cranial nerve; veins carry blood towards the heart; ganglia are derived from neural crest cells; the spinal cord is part of the central nervous system.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
if the left vagus nerve is damaged within the posterior cranial fossa, the uvula will deviate to the left, if a patient is asked to say "Ahhhh" [True statements: the alar layer of prevertebral fascia separates the retropharyngeal space from the danger space of the neck; the internal laryngeal nerve and the superior laryngeal artery pass through the 3rd pharyngeal gap; the sublingual space and the submandibular space are continuous with each other around the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle; if the right hypoglossal nerve is severed in the neck, on protrusion the tongue will deviate to the right side]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
if there is damage to the left vagus nerve the uvula will deviate to the left, when a patient says-"Ah" [True statements: the tympanic nerve is a branch of CN IX which enters into the tympanic canaliculus; the cervical plexus contributes to the sensory supply of the face; if the right mandibular nerve is severed, upon protrusion the mandible will deviate to the right; branches of the right and left external carotid arteries anastomose across the midline of the neck]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
in anatomical position, the palms of the hands are oriented posteriorly. [True statements: a coronal section divides the body into anterior [ventral] and posterior [dorsal] parts; a midsagittal section divides the body into right and left halves; a transverse [horizontal] section divides the body into superior [cranial] and inferior [caudal] parts; abduction is movement away from midline.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
inferior alveolar nerve block has the highest success rate of any dental injection [True statements: the nerve to the mylohyoid may be an alternative "escape route" for pain impulses from the mandibular dentition; the nerve to the mylohyoid may be shielded from anesthetic by the sphenomandibular ligament; motor fibers from the nerve to the mylohyoid travel between the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior digastric muscle; accessory mandibular foramina are potential locations for the entry of accessory nerves into the mandible]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
intrinsic muscles of the back are innervated by ventral rami of spinal nerves [True statements: the erector spinae muscles are intrinsic muscles of the back; the appendicular and axial skeleton articulate at the sternoclavicular joint; branches of the axillary artery supply the pectoral region; the levator scapulae receives efferent fibers from ventral rami of spinal nerves]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
it has been demonstrated that the nerve to the mylohyoid only carries motor fibers [True statements: the nerve to the mylohyoid may provide sensory fibers to the anterior mandibular dentition; a branch from the nerve to the mylohyoid often pierces the mylohyoid muscle and joins the lingual nerve; the superior retromental foramen is located superior to the genial tubercles [spines]; the inferior retromental foramen is located inferior to the genial tubercles [spines]]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
preganglionic parasympathetic fibers leave the brain with both CN VIII and CN XI. [True statements: most postganglionic parasympathetic fibers in the head are distributed by branches of the trigeminal nerve; primary [first order] afferent neurons will synapse on secondary [second order] afferent neurons that are located in the dorsal horn; the superior cervical ganglion is a sympathetic ganglion; the greater splanchnic nerve is contains preganglionic sympathetic fibers.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the Dehiscence of Killian is located between the chondropharyngeus and the ceratopharyngeus muscles [True statements: the efferent supply to the muscles of facial expression, which are derived from the 2nd branchial arch, exits the skull through the stylomastoid foramen; the pterygomandibular raphe has an attachment to the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate; the 2nd cervical spinal nerve exits the vertebral canal superior to the axis [C2]; the atlas articulates with both the axis [C2] and the occipital bone]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the acromion process is part of the mandible. [True statements: a foramen is a hole which allows structures to pass through bone; the human skeleton is an example of an endoskeleton; the glenoid cavity is located on the scapula; the humerus articulates with the scapula.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the anterior and middle scalene muscles have an inferior [caudal] attachment to the 2nd rib [True statements: the platysma muscle is the most superficial muscle in the anterior neck; the anterior digastric muscle is innervated by the nerve to the mylohyoid; the geniohyoid muscle is located in the oral cavity, superior to the mylohyoid muscle; the right and left brachiocephalic veins join to form the superior vena cava]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the anterior and posterior vagal trunks enter the abdomen, traveling with the aorta through the diaphragm, at vertebral level T12 [True statements: the urethra is located anterior to the vaginal canal; the prostate is located anterior to the anal canal; the internal iliac artery is the primary arterial supply to the pelvic viscera; the middle and inferior rectal veins are tributaries of the caval system]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the anterior internal vertebral plexus is located anterior to the posterior longitudinal ligament [True statements: the cervical enlargement is associated with the brachial plexus; the cell bodies of lower motor neurons are located in the ventral horn; the posterior inferior cerebellar artery is usually a branch of the vertebral artery; the apical ligament connects the dens to the occipital bone]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the anterior spinal artery is a direct branch of the basilar artery [True statements: the superior mesenteric artery is the primary arterial supply to midgut derived structures; arteries derived from both the internal and external carotid arteries supply the nasal cavity; postganglionic sympathetic plexuses are located on both the external and internal carotid arteries; the sublingual artery is a branch of the lingual artery]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the apical ligament connects the dens to the atlas [True statements: the anterior internal vertebral plexus is located posterior to the posterior longitudinal ligament; the cervical enlargement is associated with the brachial plexus; lower motor neurons are located in the ventral horn; the posterior inferior cerebellar artery is usually a branch of the vertebral artery]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the apical ligament connects the dens to the atlas. [True statements: the cervical enlargement is associated with the brachial plexus; lower motor neurons are located in the ventral horn; the posterior inferior cerebellar artery is usually a branch of the vertebral artery; the anterior internal vertebral plexus is located posterior to the posterior longitudinal ligament.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the articular disc [meniscus] is richly vascularized and innervated by afferent fibers [True statements: the articular disc [meniscus] divides the temporomandibular joint into an upper and a lower compartment; the external acoustic meatus is located posterior to the temporomandibular joint; the mandibular notch is between the condylar process and the coronoid process; the pterygomandibular raphe is located anterior to the pterygomandibular space]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the cell bodies of the sensory fibers in nervus spinosus [recurrent meningeal nerve] are located in the spiral ganglion [True statements: the nerve to the stapedius is a branch of the facial nerve; the posterior cerebral arteries are branches of the basilar artery; the spiral ganglion is the sensory ganglion of the cochlear nerve; the superior orbital fissure is located between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the deep auricular artery enters the skull through the petrotympanic fissure [True statements: the nerve to the lateral pterygoid muscle is a branch of the anterior division of V3 [mandibular nerve]; the styloid process is a posterior boundary of the infratemporal fossa; the masseteric nerve reaches the masseter muscle by passing laterally through the mandibular notch; the temporal fascia attaches to the superior temporal line]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the deep temporal nerves [anterior and posterior] are in the pterygomandibular space [True statements: the pterygomandibular space is located between the lateral border of the medial pterygoid muscle and the medial side of the ramus of the mandible; the parotid gland is partially located posterior to the pterygomandibular space; the inferior alveolar nerve passes through the pterygomandibular space; both the external carotid artery and the facial nerve enter into the parotid gland]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the descendens hypoglossi [superior root of the ansa cervicalis] is located in the pterygomandibular space [True statements: the parotid gland is partially located posterior to the pterygomandibular space; both the external carotid artery and the facial nerve enter into the parotid gland; the pterygomandibular space is located between the lateral border of the medial pterygoid muscle and the medial side of the ramus of the mandible; the pterygomandibular raphe has attachments on the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate and the mandible]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the descendens hypoglossi contains efferent fibers from C2 and C3 ventral rami [True statements: the "danger space" space is located between the anterior [alar] layer and posterior layer of the preverterbral fascia; radicular arteries enter the vertebral column through intervertebral foramina; the masseteric nerve innervates the T.M.J. [temporomandibular joint]; the long buccal nerve [buccal branch of mandibular] supplies afferent fibers to the vestibule of the oral cavity]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the efferent supply to the muscles of facial expression, which are derived from the 2nd branchial arch, exits the skull through the petrotympanic fissure [True statements: the superior orbital fissure and the optic canal are located in the sphenoid bone; the 2nd cervical spinal nerve exits the vertebral canal superior to the axis [C2]; the atlas articulates with both the axis [C2] and the occipital bone; the Dehiscence of Killian is located between the thyropharyngeus and the cricopharyngeus muscles]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the external acoustic meatus is located anterior to the mandibular fossa [True statements: the incus articulates with the head of the stapes; infections can spread from the nasopharynx into the middle ear through the pharyngotympanic tube; the secondary tympanic membrane covers the round window; the middle ear communicates with the mastoid air cells through the mastoid antrum]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the geniculate ganglion is the sensory ganglion of CN IX [True statements: the masseteric nerve supplies afferent fibers to the temporomandibular joint; the palatovaginal canal connects the nasopharynx with the pterygopalatine fossa; the internal laryngeal nerve supplies afferent fibers to the mucosa of the vestibule of the larynx; all intrinsic muscles of the tongue receive efferent fibers from CN XII]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the geniohyoid muscle is located in the neck, inferior to the mylohyoid muscle. [True statements: the anterior and middle scalene muscles have an inferior [caudal] attachment to the 1st rib; the platysma muscle is the most superficial muscle in the anterior neck; the anterior digastric muscle is innervated by the nerve to the mylohyoid; the right and left brachiocephalic veins join to form the superior vena cava]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the greater splanchnic nerve contains postganglionic sympathetic fibers [True statements: most postganglionic parasympathetic fibers in the head are distributed by branches of the trigeminal nerve; primary [first order] afferent neurons will synapse on secondary [second order] afferent neurons with cell bodies that are located in the dorsal horn; the superior cervical ganglion is a sympathetic ganglion; preganglionic parasympathetic fibers leave the brain with both CN III and CN IX]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the hypoglossal canal is located in the mandible. [True statements: . the zygomatic [malar] bone articulates with the temporal, frontal, and maxillary bones; the glenoid [mandibular] fossa is located on the temporal bone; the carotid canal is located in the temporal bone; the nasal bones articulate with both the maxillary and frontal bones.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the inferior thyroid vein usually drains into the internal jugular vein [True statements: the subclavian vein passes anterior to the anterior scalene muscle; a "danger space" is located between the anterior layer [alar fascia] and the posterior layer of the prevertebral fascia; the transverse facial artery is a branch of the superficial temporal artery; the superficial temporal vein and the maxillary vein join to form the retromandibular vein]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the internal carotid arteries enter the skull through the external acoustic meatus [True statements: the cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic fibers are located in the lateral horn of the spinal cord; the ventral and dorsal rami of spinal nerves carry both motor and sensory fibers; there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves; there are 7 cervical vertebrae and 8 pairs of cervical spinal nerves]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the internal carotid nerve is composed of postganglionic parasympathetic fibers [True statements: synapses occur at both paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia; C1 usually does not supply cutaneous sensory fibers to the neck and face; first order proprioceptive sensory neuron cell bodies are located in the mesencephalic nucleus; the roots of the hypoglossal nerve emerge from the medulla oblongata between the pyramid and the olive]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the levator palpebrae superioris depresses the lower eyelid [True statements: a collection of neuronal cell bodies outside of the central nervous system is referred to as a ganglion; both supination and pronation are types of movement referred to as rotation; infections and metastases from the pelvis may spread via anatomical pathways to the head and neck; flexion decreases the angle of a joint.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the levator veli palatini is derived from the 3rd branchial arch [True statements: the middle and anterior superior alveolar nerves are branches of the infraorbital nerve; the levator veli palatini is derived from the 3rd branchial arch; CN XII passes lateral to the hyoglossus muscle; branches of both the ophthalmic nerve and the maxillary nerve supply sensory fibers to the nasal cavity; long ciliary nerves supply sensory fibers to the cornea]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the middle and inferior rectal veins are tributaries of the portal system, under normal circumstances [True statements: . the prostate is located anterior to the anal canal; the internal iliac artery is the primary arterial supply to the pelvic viscera; the anterior and posterior vagal trunks enter the abdomen, traveling with the esophagus through the diaphragm, at vertebral level T10; the urethra is located anterior to the vaginal canal]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the middle cerebral arteries are branches of the basilar artery [True statements: the nerve to the stapedius is a branch of the facial nerve; the trigeminal ganglion is the sensory ganglion of CN V; the cell bodies of the sensory fibers in nervus spinosus [recurrent meningeal nerve] are located in the trigeminal ganglion; the superior orbital fissure is located between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the neurotransmitter at sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia is norepinephrine [True statements: the superior laryngeal nerve and the recurrent laryngeal nerve each carry motor and sensory fibers; CN IX distributes sensory fibers to the pharyngeal plexus; the motor fibers in the pharyngeal plexus have their cell bodies located in the nucleus ambiguus; the tympanic nerve carries both parasympathetic and sensory fibers]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the orbicularis oculi opens [dilates] the palpebral fissure. [True statements: the facial nerve [CN VII] provides the motor supply to muscles derived from the 2nd branchial arch; the superior and inferior labial arteries are branches of the facial artery; the sensory supply to the upper lip is from a branch of the infraorbital nerve; the deep facial vein connects the facial vein with the pterygoid plexus of veins]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the palatopharyngeal arch separates the oral cavity from the oropharynx [True statements: the pharyngotympanic tube opens into the nasopharynx; the pharyngeal tonsil is located on the roof of the nasopharynx; the laryngopharynx is continuous with the esophagus at vertebral level C6; the nasopharynx is located anterior to the atlas [C1]]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the posterior cerebral artery is a direct branch of the internal carotid artery [True statements: the second cervical spinal nerve exits the vertebral canal by passing through the intervertebral foramen between the 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae; the thalamus is derived from the diencephalon; the internal jugular vein is located in the carotid triangle; short ciliary nerves pass from the ciliary ganglion to the eyeball]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the posterior tympanic artery is a branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery [True statements: the right vagus nerve passes medial to the arch of the azygos vein; the superior tympanic artery is a branch of the middle meningeal artery; the inferior tympanic artery passes through the tympanic canaliculus with the tympanic nerve; the pericardiacophrenic artery is a branch of the internal thoracic artery]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the pterygoid process is part of the palatine bone. [True statements: the styloid process is part of the temporal bone; the mastoid process is part of the temporal bone; foramen magnum is located in the occipital bone; the supraorbital foramen is located in the frontal bone.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the pterygomandibular raphe has attachments on the lateral pterygoid plate and the mandible [True statements: the pterygomandibular space is located between the lateral border of the medial pterygoid muscle and the medial side of the ramus of the mandible; the parotid gland is partially located posterior to the pterygomandibular space; both the external carotid artery and the facial nerve enter into the parotid gland; the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves are located in the pterygomandibular space]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates the cricothyroid muscle [True statements: . the motor root of the mandibular nerve [V3] is located posterior [deep] to the trigeminal ganglion, within the middle cranial fossa; valleculae are located posterior to the root of the tongue, positioned between the median glossoepiglottic folds and the lateral glossoepiglottic folds; CN X supplies efferent fibers to muscles derived from the 4th and 6th branchial arches; the otic ganglion is located in the infratemporal fossa]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the secondary tympanic membrane covers the oval window [the middle ear communicates with the mastoid air cells through the mastoid antrum; the external acoustic meatus is located posterior to the mandibular fossa; the incus articulates with the head of the stapes; infections can spread from the nasopharynx into the middle ear through the pharyngotympanic tube]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the sensory supply to the lower lip is from a branch of the infraorbital nerve [True statements: the facial nerve [CN VII] provides the motor supply to muscles derived from the 2nd branchial arch; the orbicularis oculi closes [constricts] the palpebral fissure; the superior and inferior labial arteries are branches of the facial artery; the deep facial vein connects the facial vein with the pterygoid plexus of veins]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the sphenopalatine foramen connects the nasal cavity with the middle cranial fossa. [True statements: a bulging anterior fontanelle may indicate an increase in intracranial pressure; the temporal bone articulates with the zygomatic bone; the crista galli is part of the ethmoid bone; part of the ethmoid bone is located in the anterior cranial fossa.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the spiral ganglion is the sensory ganglion of CN VII [True statements: the palatovaginal canal connects the nasopharynx with the pterygopalatine fossa; the internal laryngeal nerve supplies afferent fibers to the mucosa of the vestibule of the larynx; the masseteric nerve supplies afferent fibers to the temporomandibular joint; all intrinsic muscles of the tongue receive efferent fibers from CN XII]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the stapedius muscle is derived from the 1st branchial arch [True statements: the tensor tympani muscle dampens sound; the tympanic membrane is the lateral wall of the tympanic cavity; branches of the maxillary artery supply blood to the tympanic cavity; the membranous labyrinth is filled with endolymph]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the styloglossus muscle protrudes and depresses the tongue [True statements: CN VII, CN IX, and CN X supply afferent fibers to the tongue; the deep lingual artery is located medial to the hyoglossus muscle; a branch of the maxillary artery supplies the mandibular dentition; the greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves supply afferent fibers to the lingual gingivae]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the styloglossus muscle protrudes and depresses the tongue [True statements: a branch of the maxillary artery supplies the mandibular dentition; the greater palatine and nasopalatine nerves supply afferent fibers to the lingual gingivae; CN VII, CN IX, and CN X supply afferent fibers to the tongue; the deep lingual artery is located medial to the hyoglossus muscle]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the superficial [external] head of the medial pterygoid muscle arises from the infratemporal crest of the sphenoid [True statements: the auriculotemporal and masseteric nerves supply the temporomandibular joint; the temporalis muscle both elevates and retrudes the mandible; the muscles of mastication are all derived from the 1st branchial arch; the inferior alveolar nerve is a branch of the posterior division of V3 [mandibular nerve]]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the supraclavicular nerves are efferent nerves derived from the ventral rami of C2 and C3. [True statements: both the phrenic nerve and the subclavian vein pass anterior to the anterior scalene muscle; the superior and middle thyroid veins drain into the internal jugular vein; the thyrohyoid muscle is innervated by a branch from the ventral ramus of the first cervical spinal nerve [C1]; the carotid sheath extends from the base of the skull to the arch of the aorta]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the thoracic duct empties into the venous system at the junction of the right internal jugular vein and the right subclavian vein. [True statements: both the brachial plexus and the subclavian artery pass through the interscalene triangle; the brachiocephalic trunk [artery] divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery posterior to the right sternoclavicular joint; the contents of the carotid sheath include the CN X, the internal jugular vein and the common carotid artery; the vertebral artery is a direct branch of the subclavian artery]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the transverse ligament of the atlas is located, and passes, anterior to the dens. [True statements: zygoapophyseal joints are articulations between adjacent neural arches; the carotid tubercle is located on the transverse process of C6; the shapes of vertebral bodies and the shapes of intervertebral discs both contribute to the formation of the vertebral curvatures; the vertebral plexus of veins [both internal and external] in general lacks valves.]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the tympanic canaliculus is located in the lateral wall of the jugular foramen [True statements: the boundaries of the interscalene triangle are the anterior scalene, the middle scalene, and the 1st rib; both the pons and the medulla oblongata are originally derived from the rhombencephalon; the Jaw-Jerk reflex is classified as a monosynaptic reflex; the Edinger-Westphal nucleus is located in the mesencephalon]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the tympanic membrane is the medial wall of the tympanic cavity [True statements: branches of the maxillary artery supply blood to the tympanic cavity; the membranous labyrinth is filled with endolymph; the stapedius muscle is derived from the 2nd branchial arch; the tensor tympani muscle dampens sound]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
the vertebral artery is a branch of the external carotid artery [True statements: radicular arteries enter the vertebral canal through the intervertebral foramina; the neurotransmitter at both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia is acetylcholine; the cervicothoracic ganglion is a sympathetic ganglion; the cell bodies of preganglionic parasympathetic fibers in the vagus nerve are located in the dorsal motor nucleus]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
there are 8 cervical vertebrae and only 7 pairs of cervical spinal nerves. [True statements: there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves; the cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic fibers are located in the lateral horn of the spinal cord; the ventral and dorsal rami of spinal nerves carry both motor and sensory fibers; the vertebral arteries enter the skull through the foramen magnum]
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
microvascular decompression and use of anti-convulsant medications are considered non-ablative [non destructive]
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?
anterior tympanic artery; chorda tympani; glenoid lobe of the parotid gland [A, B, and C]
Which of the following structures are located in the posterior compartment of the mandibular fossa?
the stylomandibular and stylohyoid ligaments; the stylohyoid, stylopharyngeus, and styloglossus muscles [only A & B]
Which of the following structures are part of the styloid apparatus?
midbrain
Which of the following structures is NOT derived from the rhombencephalon?
the geniculate ganglion
Which of the following structures is NOT found within the infratemporal fossa?
the greater petrosal nerve [The following structures is are found within the infratemporal fossa: the middle meningeal artery; the lesser petrosal nerve; the chorda tympani; the otic ganglion]
Which of the following structures is NOT found within the infratemporal fossa?
the midbrain.
Which of the following structures is derived from the mesencephalon?
mental foramen
Which of the following structures is the arrow tip indicating?
a transverse foramen
Which of the following structures is unique to cervical vertebrae?
a transverse foramen.
Which of the following structures is unique to cervical vertebrae?
spleen
Which of the following structures is/are primarily located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen?
gall bladder
Which of the following structures is/are primarily located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen?
the inferior vena cava; the ureter [only A & B]
Which of the following structures is/are primary retroperitoneal?
the basilar artery; CN IX, CN X, and CN XI; CN VII and CN VIII [A, B, and C]
Which of the following structures may be observed in the posterior cranial fossa?
mandibular nerve [V3]
Which of the following structures may be observed passing through foramen ovale?
stylopharyngeus and CN IX
Which of the following structures pass through the 2nd pharyngeal gap?
CN II; ophthalmic artery [only A & B]
Which of the following structures pass through the optic canal?
the coronal suture.
Which of the following sutures is located between the posterior border of the frontal bone and the anterior borders of the parietal bones?
maxillary and superficial temporal
Which of the following veins join together to form the retromandibular vein?
trigeminal neuralgia is a neuropathic pain condition because of the underlying neuronal hyperexcitability
Which statement is true?
both oral cavity and orbit; both nasal cavity and nasopharynx; both infratemporal fossa and middle cranial fossa [A, B, and C]
With which of the following areas does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate?
orbit, infratemporal fossa, and middle cranial fossa
With which of the following areas does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate?
the altas [C1]
With which of the following do the occipital condyles articulate?
the altas [C1].
With which of the following do the occipital condyles articulate?
the pharyngeal venous plexus; the deep facial vein; the maxillary vein [A, B, and C]
With which of the following does the pterygoid plexus of veins communicate?
Both statements are true
Within the infratemporal fossa, the lingual and inferior alveolar nerves pass between the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. The long buccal nerve passes between the superior and inferior heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle.
Both statements are true.
Within the infratemporal fossa, the lingual and inferior alveolar nerves pass between the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. The long buccal nerve passes between the superior and inferior heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle.
Left submandibular nodes
Your patient had a lesion on the left lateral edge of his tongue. It was located approximately 2 cm. anterior to the sulcus terminalis and was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. In the case of metastasis, which group of lymph nodes is most likely to contain metastatic cells?