Ancient Greece Test #2
Persian wars:Where and When did the Battle of Salamis take place
(Themistocles)Narrow channel between island and mainland -Salamis, Greece, 480 B.C.E.
Write three examples how Alexander adopted ways for other cultures to show respect for the people he conquered
1)Adopt some practices himself adopted the Persian style of government 2)Borrowed Persian customs wore persian clothing 3)Encouraged Marriage between the daughter of Darius I
Write three examples how Alexander used religion to unite his empire
1)He honored gods from other cultures 2)Visited oracle sites, made sacrifices 3)Encouraged the idea that he himself was a god
Write three examples of how Alexander spread Greek ideas to unite the different peoples of his empire
1)Spread Greek culture and ideas to the people he conquered 2)he would use religion to inspire loyalty 3)he would show respect for the people he conquered
Number of years between the Olympic games
4
Persian wars:Where and WHen was the battle of Thermopylae taken place?
481-450 B.C.E. in Thermopylae, Greece
Age when Spartan youth began his military career
7
Greek Drama:What is the difference between a comedy and a tragedy?
A comedy has ordinary people who have commentary on current events as well as clowning around and the telling of rude jokes. A tragedy focused on heroes from the past who had to wrestle with difficult situations and many times involved the gods.
Sports in Ancient Greece:How was athletic competition encouraged in ancient Greece?
A winning athlete would gain prestige for their city state as well as financial gains for himself. Also the men would be in good physical condition for warfare.
Persian wars:Why did the Battle of Salamis start
After battle of Thermopylae Xerxes wanted to conquer all of Greece. Revenge for the slaughter at Thermopylae.
334 BCE
Alexander Invaded Asia Minor and forced them to surrender
His conquests included Egypt, the Persian Empire, and Greece
Alexander the great
Greek sculpture:What were the three styles of ancient Greek sculpture?
Archaic, Classical & Hellenistic
Persian wars:WHaT happened during the battle of Platea
Athenians were threatened by Persian presence Xerxes left some of the army in Greece. He told them to attack in the spring. Athenians had to retreat to Salamis to wait for the SPartans to join them. Mardonious dies and Persians lose their morale to fight.
City-state which developed the most advanced civilization on earth.
Athens
This city-states was interested in art, literature, science, and phylosophy
Athens
Persian wars:What happened at the battle of Marathon
Athens asked the Spartans for help. They were busy with a religious festival.The Spartans agreed to send 2000 to help when they are in battle with the Persians. SPartans arrived to help the Athens after the battle was over
Persian wars:WHat were the results of the battle of marathon?
Athens won after a long time of fighting. 192 Athens died while 6400 Persians.
How did Alexander plan to build his empire?
By terror and kindness
Men between 20 and 30 who kept the helots under control in SParta
Cadets
Greece was divided into many of them
City-states
a term which means having a voice in one's government
Democracy
Architecture and Art:What are the three main styles of Greek architecture?
Doric, Ionic, Corinthian
Persian wars:Where and When were the battle of Marathon taken place?
Eretria then Marathon in 490 B.C.E.
country that contributed greatly to Western civilization
Greece
Sports in Ancient Greece:Who played sports in ancient Greece?
Greek men; Greek women had their own athletic competition
Persian wars:Where and When was the Ionian Revolt?
Greek settlement of Ionia in Asia Minor 499 BCE Sardis, Lydia
Architecture and Art: How did temples play a part in Greek life? What did they look like?
Greek temples were built to provide the gods and goddesses somewhere to live on Earth. The temples had a main room where the statue of the particular god or goddess that it was named for. All temples had sloped roofs, columns surrounding the exterior and colorfully painted pediments with sculptures depicting scenes from Greek legend and history.
Greek Drama:How were the Greek theaters designed? How did the design enhance the theater experience?
Greek theaters were designed to accommodate many people and regardless where you sat you would be able to see and hear the performance. Since the theater was designed in a half circle with the seats built into the slope of a hill, they could hold up to 18,000 spectators.
WHy was Alexander well trained to be a leader
He was learning under a famous greek philosopher, Aristotle. He taught him art, literature, science
These people were taken prisoner by the Spartans and forced in slavery.
Helots
Persian wars:What happened i the battle of thermopylae
His army invaded Tempe, and the other gave up and moved on to Thermopylae. They cornered them but the traitor let them go.
Persian wars:What were the causes of the Ionian Revolt?
In search of new homelands. They wanted democratic form of government. Persia took farmland and harbors and force Ionia to pay tribune payment of goods. Also Ionians were required to serve in the Persian Army.
Persian wars:What happened in the Ionian revolt?
Ionians asked Athens for help. AThens sent soldiers and 20 ships and then left. Colonists storm Sardis and destroyed the city.
338 BCE
King Philip II conquered most of mainland Greece
How did the Peloponnesian war contribute to the expansion of Macedonia?
King Philip was collecting scatted tribes and he was making his empire bigger while Athens and SParta fought.
Persian wars:WHat were the results of the battle of Platea?
Later, SPartans led the Greek. troops into battle Greeks won. Xerxes was beaten.
An army there conquered Greece after the war between SParta and Athens.
Macedonia
What city-state led by King Philip II was able to conquer the whole of Greece?
Macedonia
The group of AThens that decided if a person was guilty or not guilty following court trial
Male citizens or juries
One reason city-states never united into one strong country was that the cities were separated by bodies of water and by these
Mountains
These present-day games began more than 2000 years ago in ancient Greece
Olympic games
Greek Drama:Who performed in Greek theater? How did the performers dress?
Only men performed in Greek theater who wore bright costumes with padding to make them visible to a large audience. Also actors wore exaggerated masks to depict a character's age, gender and feelings.
Persian wars:What happened at the battle of Salamis?
Payback for burning of Athens-Greeks Athens evacuated to seek a new homeland. Themistocles summoned his child's tutor to send a message to Xerxes. The tutor told the king that the Greeks were heading to the Bay of Salamis. If Xerxes wanted to trap and defeat the fleet, he must attack now. When they fought they realized that Themistocles told the king.
This war lasted 27 years
Peloponnesian war
Greek city-states united to defeat this army in 479 BCE
Persia
Persian wars: Who was involved in the Ionian Revolt?
Persia (Darius I) vs Ionians Athenians
Persian wars:What were the causes of the Battle of Marathon?
Persia wanted to conquer more lands. Persias angry with Greeks for assisting Ionians in their revolt. Persia wanted Presents from Greece as a sign threat they accepted Persian rule.
Persian wars:Who was involved in the battle of Marathon?
Persians (Darius I) Vs Athens and other allies.
Persian wars:Who was involved in the battle of Thermopylae?
Persians (Xerxes) vs Greeks or SPartans (Leonidas)
Persian wars:What were the results of the Ionian revolt ?
Persians won after 7 years of putting down the Ionians.
336 BCE
Philip was murdered, son, ALexander became king
Philosophy in Ancient Greece:What important questions about life did the Greek philosophers try to answer?
Philosophers in ancient Greece pondered the concept of nature, the meaning of life, justice, truth and beauty.
Persian wars: Where and when were the battle of Platea place?
Plataea, Greece, 479 B.C.E.
Sports in Ancient Greece:What sports did they play at the Olympic Games? (list)
Running, wrestling, the pentathlon, boxing, chariot races, and horse races.
This city-state stressed military training for boys and men
SParta
Persian wars: WHat were the results of the battle of the battle of salamis?
Sank many ships. The Greeks sank each down and they won. Xerxes and his navy retreated. Greeks stayed to repair ships.
Greek sculpture:During the Archaic Period, what advancement of sculpture made the figures more realistic in appearance?
Sculptors depicted folds in the clothing of the figure they carved from stone.
Greek sculpture:During the Hellenistic Period, what emphasis was added to Greek sculpture?
Sculptors portrayed all different stages of life including old age, childhood, pain and death. Also these sculptures were more dramatic in nature.
Greek sculpture:During the Classical Period, what improvements did sculptors make to advance the art of sculpture?
Sculptors showed more facial expressions, movement, and beauty of the human form,
WHat happened to the empire after Alexander died?
Settlers left the cities and they moved. Kingdoms fight for power but eventually split into 3 1)Egyptian 2)Asia 3)Macedonia and Greece.
Philosophy in Ancient Greece:Who were the three most influential philosophers in Ancient Greece?
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
City-state which one the Peloponnesian war
Sparta
They feared a revolt by the helots
Sparta
404 BCE
Sparta won Peloponnesian war
Architecture and Art:How are the three main styles of Greek Architecture different?
The Doric order consists of widening columns with undecorated capitals. The Ionic order had thinner columns than Doric and their capitals had swirls on their capitals called volutes. The Corinthian order had the same basic column structure of Ionic order with capitals decorated with acanthus leaves.
Pottery in Ancient Greece:What are the four periods of pottery styles that evolved during the ancient period in Greece? Provide detailed descriptions of each to distinguish one from another.
The Geometric Period (1000-700 BCE) consisted of elaborate geometric patterns with animal and human figures intertwined with the patterns. The Orientalizing and Archaic Periods (720-550 BCE) introduce Asian inspired images which the Greeks were exposed to through their trade with other countries to the east of Greece. Later in the Archaic period, pottery focused on everyday life and scenes from Greek mythology. The Athenian Pottery (550-300 BCE) focused on scenes of everyday life and Greek heroes using initially red pots with black figures. Later this style utilized black pots with red figures as well as white pots were utilized with painted decorations. The Hellenistic Period (300 BCE) emphasizes texture over colors and were usually black with one accent color and raised patterns..
Persian wars: WHat were the results of the battle of thermopylae?
The Greeks would have won but two unexpected events came upon. Leonidas didn't know that Greek fleat, so he retreated. 300 SPartan soldiers gave up their lives. Persians won after the Greeks, who wanted to keep fighting, lost. 300 spartans died; 700 Thespians died; 400 Thebans died. Inspires bravery in Greece
Persian wars:Who was involved in the battle of Platea
The Persians (Mardonious) vs AThenians Sparta, other allies
Persian wars:Who was involved in the battle of salamis
The Persians (Xerxes) vs the Greeks, Athenians,
Name for the group of adult male citizens who made the laws in Athens
The assembly
King's peace
The king of Persia imposed a temporary peace among the Greek city-states
What was significant about the empires size and what problems it might create.
The significance of the empire is the size and how he almost conquered the whole world but the problems was how he could control these people and unite them
What were the reasons for Athens' defeat in the Peloponnesian war?
There were plagues that killed one-third of the population, including Pericles.
WHat roles did Athens and SParta play in the Peloponneisan war?
They were fighting against each other
Greek Drama:What are three types of drama in Greek theater?
Tragedy, Comedy, Satyr (made fun of a tragic theme)
People of Sparta who were allowed to own businesses and property, and who also cared for the home
Women
Persian wars:Why did the Battle of Platea start?
Xerxes wanted revenge for Salamis, and he wanted to conquer all of Greece.
Persian wars:What caused the battle of thermopylae
Xerxes wanted to conquer more lands. Xerxes wanted revenge for Marathon. Sparta wanted to prove their fighting expertise Xerxes got his army of 1 and a half million soldiers.
Plague
an outbreak of contagious disease
This freedom allowed Athenians to criticize public officials
freedom of speech
What was the Delian League?
it was an organization of city-staes led by AThens
People of Athens gathered there to visit and discuss the latest news
marketplace or agora
What was the Peloponnesian League?
organization of city-states led by Sparta
rule of the thirty
period when SParta ruled Athens with a group of thirty tyrants
In Athens, homes were small and plain, but these were very beautiful
public buildings
Parthenon
temple dedicated to Athens' patron goddess Athena
treasury
the money a nation has to carry out its operations.
Why was the Delian League originally formed?
to protect Ionia from the Persians
Peloponnesian war
war between Sparta and Athens That lasted 27 years