Ancient History - Chapter 2

The first known empire in world history was the ________ Empire.

Akkadian

Which leader of the Persian Empire extended it to become the largest empire the world has yet seen at that time?

Darius

Ancient Israel was at the height of its power under which king?

King Solomon

Upper and Lower Egypt were united into a single kingdom around 3100 B.C. by

Menes

The history of Egypt begins around 3100 B.C., when

Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt.

The king of the Chaldeans who rebuilt Babylon was

Nebuchadnezzar.

Which of the following is the title of a famous Mesopotamian poem?

The Epic of Gilgamesh

According to Jewish belief, there is only one God called

Yahweh

Zoroaster taught all of the following EXCEPT that

Yahweh created the universe.

The people known as the Israelites were

a distinct group, organized in tribes, who established a united kingdom.

By the time of Darius, the Persian kings had created

a standing army known as the Immortals because whenever a member was killed, he was immediately replaced.

What is the importance of the Phoenician alphabet?

basis for English alphabet

The Assyrians were especially known for

committing atrocities on their captives.

Unlike other religions of the time, in the Jewish tradition, political leaders

could not claim they alone knew the will of God, since the Jewish teachings were written down for anyone to read.

The Jews believed that God made a contract with them called a(n)

covenant

Farming in ancient Mesopotamia resulted in an abundance of food, which

enabled civilization to emerge.

Hieratic script, a simplified version of Egyptian hieroglyphic writing, was used

for business transactions, record keeping, and the general needs of daily life.

Hammurabi is remembered for

his legal code, a collection of laws for Mesopotamian society.

A theocracy is a government in which

leaders rule by divine authority.

Cyrus the Great showed such wisdom and compassion when he conquered Babylon that

most people accepted him as ruler.

Around 2340 B.C., Sargon, the leader of the Akkadians,

overran the Sumerian city-states and set up the first empire in world history.

What are the "ten lost tribes"?

scattered Israelite tribes

When Cyrus the Great captured Babylon, he

showed remarkable restraint and wisdom.

The Persian Empire was eventually weakened by

struggles to control the throne.

The development of Egyptian civilization was influenced most closely by

the Nile River.

Modern historians have divided Egyptian history into three major periods, known as

the Old Kingdom, the Middle Kingdom, and the New Kingdom.

The invention of cuneiform is credited to

the Sumerians.

The Sumerians invented all of the following technology EXCEPT

the watch.

The religion of Judaism differed from the other religions of the time in that it

was monotheistic, meaning its followers believed in one God, whereas other religions were polytheistic, meaning their followers believed in many gods.

Which of the following elements contributed to the efficient system of communication that was crucial to sustaining the Persian Empire?

well-maintained roads and way stations that provided food, shelter, and fresh horses for officials.