Animal Quiz

Cnidarian Reproduction

Asexual (budding) and sexual Sexual: same sex in some; separate sex in others (like humans)

Sponge Reproduction

Asexual (budding) and sexual Sexual: eggs form one time of year; sperm another time of year Larva- immature form of an animal that looks very different from the adult. For sponges, larva are hollow ball of cells that swim through the water

Predator

Carnivores that hunt and kill other animals

Adaptation

Characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environment. (obtain food, water, oxygen, stable internal conditions, and reproduce)

Sponges Food and Oxygen

Collar cells- located along central cavity- trap food Oxygen diffuses into cells; wastes diffuse out of cells

Species

Group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring, who in turn can mate and reproduce

Cnidarian Structure

Having stinging cells and take their food into a hollow central cavity Are carnivores Are made of cells and tissues Radial symmetry

Movement

Used for obtaining food, reproducing, and escaping danger.

Classification of the Animal Kingdom

35 phyla of animals classification tree- shows how the different phyla are related and how the animals evolved over time classification is based on body structure, the way it develops, and DNA presence of a backbone- common classification characteristics invertebrate (no backbone)- 97% of ALL animals; vertebrate (backbone)- only 3% of animals!

Bilateral Symmetry

A line of symmetry can divide the animals into halves that are mirror images Animals are larger and more complex than those with radial symmetry Usually have front and back ends; can move quickly; sense organs in front end

Vertebrate

An animal that has a backbone

Invertebrate

An animal without a backbone

Finding Food

Animals are either herbivores (eat only plants), carnivores (eat only animals), or omnivores (eat both plants and animals).

Obtaining Food

Animals are heterotrophs. Must digest their food.

Adaptation

Animals must adjust to their environment for food, water, oxygen, and shelter.

Prey

Animals that are hunted and killed by predators

Omnivores

Animals that eat both plants and animals

Carnivores

Animals that eat only other animals

Herbivores

Animals that eat only plants

Portuguese Man-of-War

Approx. 1000 polypus function as one organism Gas-filled chamber allows the colony to float Each polyp has a specific function (digestion, reproduction, defense, etc.)

Coral Reef

Are built by cnidarians (polyp form-not medusa) Reproduce asexually Live coral add their skeletons on top of dead coral, eventually producing a large coral reef Coral reefs are home to more species of fishes and invertebrates than any other environment on Earth!

Sponge Structure

Irregular shape; no symmetry; made of only cells (no tissues); soft bodies Spikes support and protect the body of sponges Pores- small openings between cells In the phylum Porifera- which means "having pores"

Radial Symmetry

Many lines of symmetry for the animal Animals do not have district front and back ends ALL live in water; do not move very fast Can sense environment form all directions

Characteristics and Animals

Multicellular organisms; must obtain their food by eating other organisms.

Cnidarian Body Plans

Polyp- a shape similar to a vase, with the mouth opening at the top; do not move around. Ex: hydra, sea anemone, and coral Medusa- a shape similar to a bowl, with the mouth opening at the bottom; adapted for swimming. Ex: jellyfish, man-of-war

Reproduction

Sexual reproduction continues the species. Some animals still utilize asexual reproduction. (ex. sea anemones and hydra)

Cell Organization

Similar cells (the smallest units of life) can combine to form tissues. (ex. brain tissue) Similar tissues can combine to form organs. (ex. brain) Organs then form organ systems. (ex. nervous system)

Cnidarian Feeding

Stinging cells with venom Food enters body cavity through the mouth, where it is digested Waste leaves through the mouth as well

Symmetry

The balanced arrangement of an animal There are two types of symmetry for all complex animals: bilateral and radial (some have no symmetry- ex: sponge)

Bilateral Symmetry

a line of symmetry that divides an organism into mirror halves

Radial Symmetry

the type of symmetry where an organism has many lines of symmetry through a central point