Anth 100 final

How does chapter author McDowell understand the political organization of ISIS (also called the Islamic State)?

He argues that ISIS has achieved many of the characteristics of a formal political state.

According to "Walking with the Comrades" by Arundhati Roy, who are the Maoists?

Members of the banned Communist party of India

Law in tribal societies may include which of the following aspects?

Negotiation, mediation, or supernatural events

What type of food was discovered to make up the majority of the diet of human foragers (and, by extension, likely our ancient ancestors)?

Plant foods such as nuts, fruits and roots

The film Dead Birds describes the war of which people?

The Dani

Based on evidence from anthropological studies, which of the following results is most likely to come from the introduction of modern goods into traditional communities?

The community incorporates new things into their pre-existing practices without completely trading old ideas for new ones.

Which of the following is the best summary of the goals of economic anthropology?

To examine how many forces affect the decisions of economic actors in production, exchange, and consumption, and the meaning of material and immaterial objects

Chapter author McDowell argues that ISIS already demonstrates all of the following aspects, EXCEPT

a secular government.

In descent group theory, a way to define tribe is as

A collection of intemarrying clans

What kinds of goods and ideas flow across national boundaries, as identified by Appadurai's idea of "scapes?"

All of the answer choices are correct

General purpose money is

all of the answer choices are correct

In India, the qualities to look for in a young man as a marriage candidate have to do with his

all of these answers are correct

In the United States, the fact that most divorced parents share time and financial responsibilities somewhat equally for their children reflects the practice of

bilateral descent

The process of buying, eating, or using a resource, food, commodity, or service is called

consumption.

According to Wolf's typology, the three distinct modes of production are

domestic, tributary, and capitalist.

The cultural rule which emphasizes the need to marry within a cultural group is called

endogamy

According to lectures, Indian women have the same uniformly low status throughout their entire lives.

false

According to the film "Ongkas Big Moka" a moka means

feast

At the level of the state, the law becomes increasingly

formal

What tribal group is featured in the film Black Harvest?

ganiga

All of the following are true about gender cross culturally EXCEPT

gender is always binary or dualistic, consisting of males and females.

In Taiwan in the 1950s, anthropologist Margery Wolf described an unusual form of adoption, in which

mothers gave up their daughters as infants, only to take in an adopted daughter from someone else in order to cultivate them as daughters-in-law for their sons

The anthropological approach that contextualizes economic relations within state structures, political processes, social structures, and cultural values is called

political economy.

The three modes of exchange are

reciprocity, market exchange, and redistribution

A society characterized by a centralized government that has a monopoly over the legitimate use of force, a large diverse population, social stratification, and complex economies is called a

state

The combination of different beliefs - even those that seem contradictory - into a new, harmonious whole is called

syncretism

Matrilineal descent refers to the recognition of descent through

the mother's line only.

A person whose gender identity does not match their assigned sex at birth, such as a person assigned female at birth who identifies as a man, may self-identify as

transgender

There is no word for ______ in the !Kung language.

virginity

All of the following were used as evidence for what the authors call the "creation story" of universal male dominance in our human ancestors, EXCEPT

women were able to join men on the hunt when necessary.

In the salsa dance world, which of the following best describes the coming together of people at salsa dance "congresses" and festivals?

Dancers from all over the world convene and, even though they may not speak the same languages or share local styles, they can dance together.

The hijra's guru/chela relationship is modeled after ________________ relationships which are an important feature of Hinduism

teacher/disciple

According to "Arranging a Marriage in India," the practice of arranged marriages in India

is preferred by some young Indians

The word used to describe culturally-recognized ties between members of a family is

kinship

In anthropology, descent from a common ancestor is referred to as

lineage

A social contract between (most often) two individuals and potentially their families that specifies rights and obligations of their union and their offspring is how anthropologists understand

marriage

The Nigerian email scams that ask Western strangers for money, and promise reciprocity, can best be understood as

negative reciprocity

The multi-faceted political and economic philosophy that emphasizes privatization and unregulated markets is

neoliberalism

A male-dominated political and authority structure and an ideology that privileges males over females overall is called

patriarchal

The residence pattern in which a couple resides with their husband's father's family after marriage is called

patrilocal

Those hijras who are the better rewarded financially and who have the highest status are the ones who earn a living by

performing at marriages and at births

The study of the means of control in societies is the subject of

political anthropology.

The term anthropologists use for a marriage between one man and multiple wives is

polygyny.

The ability to induce behavior of others in specified ways by means of coercion or use or threat of physical force is called

power

Anthropologists focus on three phases of the economy, which are

production, exchange, and consumption.

Why doesn't class stratification develop in foraging societies?

There is no advantage to hoarding food or having too much personal property

A gift given by a bride's family to either the bride or to the groom's family at the time of the marriage is referred to as

a dowry

Some of the ways that women navigate public spaces associated with males, such as in India, is to practice purdah, that is, to

adopt clothing, behavior, or special routes to create separation or segregation.

When a country accepts a loan from the IMF or World Bank, the loan also comes with a number of mandatory conditions that the country must meet. Often, these conditions include

all of the answer choices are correct

The importance of gift-giving to reciprocity is that

all of the answer choices are correct.

After marriage in Dobu, Papua New Guinea, couples would practice bilocal residence, meaning they would

alternate years living in the husband's village and in the wife's village.

The author of "Arranging a Marriage in India" speculates that the practice of arranged marriages has resulted in young Indian women

becoming self-confident and charming since they did not have to worry about their popularity with the opposite sex

A family of at least three generations sharing a household is referred to as a/an

extended family

According to lecture and "Walking With the Comrades," tribal groups in India are totally isolated from outsiders and other caste communities.

false

According to lecture, a "tribe" is characterized by centralized and inherited structures of power.

false

According to the film N'ai, the South African Afrikaaners wanted to recruit !Kung men into the military because the !Kung have a long cultural tradition of bush warfare.

false

As noted in "Arranging a Marriage in India," the practice of giving a dowry is still legal but rarely occurs these days in India.

false

In "Eating Christmas in the Kalahari," it is reported that !Kung Bushmen only insult boastful outsiders, never members of their own tribe.

false

Polygyny is seen as a rare form of polygamy where a wife marries multiple husbands

false

So-called "third genders" were not known before they were invented in contemporary America.

false

The aim of most tribal wars is to annihilate an enemy tribe.

false

The set of ideas about the categories of gender, and the beliefs, behaviors, and meanings associated with each gender, is referred to as a

gender ideology

A set of culturally invented expectations leading to a role that a person assumes, learns, and performs, describes

gender roles

"The intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa" is the definition of

globalization

The adaptation of global ideas into locally palatable forms is referred to as

glocalization

In Globalization studies, the fact that McDonalds offers local favorites in its branches across the world, such as a McAloo Tikki potato patty in India, is an example of

glocalization.

All of the following describe the Big Man of New Guinea, EXCEPT

he has the power to coerce others.

The often unnoticed system of rights and privileges that accompany normative sexual choices and family formation is called

heteronormativity

According to the Chapter "Harlan, Kentucky" in Malcolm Gladwell's book, Outliers, the most "critical moment of a young herder's (or shepherd's) reputation is his first___"

quarrel

Sharing of food and other resources among members of foraging groups

is a survival strategy that reinforces social equality and helps the group get through times of scarcity.

In the 1930s, anthropologist Ruth Landes argued that Afro-Brazilian Candomblé religious communities were matriarchal because

their leadership was made up of and controlled by women.

Societies that are characterized by groups of people linked by age, gift exchanges, or marriage, a lack of central government, leadership roles that are open to everyone, and an egalitarian set of values are

tribes

According to the film Ongka's Big Moka, feasting can be used to negotiate treaties with enemies.

true

According to the flim Ongka's Big Moka, pigs play an important role in New Guinean culture and politics.

true

Most hijras are physically normal men, whose effeminacy, sometimes accompanied by an interest in homosexual activity, led them to seek out the hijra community in their late childhood or adolescence.

true

Traditionally, the !Kung people are generally egalitarian foragers.

true

The ability to induce or cause the behavior of others to change due to a social or political position is called

authority

A society that is nomadic and small in size, lacks formal leadership, and generally forages for their living is likely a

band society.

The four levels of socio-cultural integration characterized by Elman Service are

band, tribe, chiefdom, and state.

Relationships formed through blood connections are called __________, while those formed through marriage are called __________.

consanguineal, affinal

Which type of property exchange demonstrates a higher value placed on women and their ability to work and produce children?

Bridewealth

Which types of societies throughout time have had the strictest controls over marriage, in order to reproduce the existing social structure?

Stratified non-egalitarian societies

How does the Afro-Brazilian religion, Candomblé, show religious combination of different beliefs?

Traditional gods of Candomblé, the orixás, are combined with Catholic divine beings, such as saints.

In 'Eating Christmas in the Kalahari,' author Richard Borshay Lee claims that it is a general custom among the !Kung Bushmen to insult the animal that a man has tracked down and killed and that he intends to share with the rest of the tribe because they:

Want to enforce general humility and prevent that man from boasting and thinking of the tribe as his servants or inferiors

The term cisgender refers to

a person whose assigned sex at birth matches their gender identity, such as a person assigned female at birth who identifies as a woman.

In Hawaiian kinship terminology, there are

a smaller number of kinship terms, grouping you (Ego), your brothers and sisters, and your cousins together under the term "child."

What cash crop is the focus of the film Black Harvest?

coffee

The political, social, economic, and cultural domination of a territory and its people by a foreign power for an extended period of time is referred to as

colonialism