Anthro chapter 4
What was the primary cause of changes to the Zinacantecos' family farming system?
The government increased public spending on roads, dams, and schools.
What is one way that industrial agriculture affects the societies that practice it?
The labor demand is seasonal in industrial agriculture, which creates an ebb and flow in employment opportunities for workers.
Which mode of livelihood is based on cultivating domestic plants in gardens using hand tools?
horticulture
Children have been found to do more work in horticultural societies compared with the other modes of livelihood, likely because _______.
in this mode of livelihood, adults have a wide range of tasks and are frequently unavailable
Which of the following has been a result in many areas of switching from family farming to wage labor?
increased dependence on external economic factors
Which statement best describes the system of property rights and land access used by agriculturalists?
Agriculturalists make substantial investments in the land they farm, so they typically create firmly defined property rights.
How does agriculture differ from foraging, horticulture, and pastoralism?
Agriculture is an intensive strategy.
Which statement is an accurate comparison of the fields of economic anthropology and economics?
Anthropologists consider economic systems besides modern capitalism.
Which statement best explains the system of property and land rights followed by most foragers?
Foragers have socially recognized rights in certain areas, but share territory with permission.
How is the concept of subjective well-being related to the definition of poverty?
It is a distinct measurement that does not rely on economic indicators.
Which statement best describes the division of labor among most pastoralist cultures?
Men are typically in charge of herding the animals while women are typically in charge of processing the herd's products.
Which of these statements about mono-cropping is correct?
Mono-cropping leads to a decrease in biodiversity
Which of the following describes the current state of indigenous cultures of the Andaman Islands?
Some have had little or no contact with outsiders.
Which situation best illustrates foraging as a mode of livelihood?
Some members of a society are gathering root vegetables and berries while others are hunting small animals.
Which statement accurately describes the terms subsistence and poverty as they are defined in the text?
Subsistence describes a situation in which no excess resources or luxury items exist, poverty a situation in which basic needs are not sufficiently met.
Which description fits the Mundurucu's relationship with the rubber industry for much of the twentieth century?
The Mundurucu maintained horticultural production while also working for the rubber industry.
In what way did cultural differences create a problem for Taiwanese manufacturing in South Africa?
The Taiwanese brought a hierarchical management approach that was not well-received among South Africans
How has the Tiwi lifestyle changed since the second half of the twentieth century?
They now live in settled villages
What evidence showed that prehistoric raised-field farming in Bolivia is effective?
analysis of archaeological sites
Modern foraging communities are threatened by the "resource curse," a term for the fact that foraging cultures often ______.
are displaced because people in rich countries want the nautral resources found in their lands
If an agricultural society in the Soviet Union underwent transitions similar to the Mongolian pastoralists, which of the following would describe its history under communism?
collectivized agriculture, then back to private agriculture
How many major forms of livelihood do cultural anthropologists identify?
five
The ability of people to obtain an adequate diet over time is known as _____.
food security
The reason some rural Thai families send daughters into child prostitution is linked with what concept?
food security
According to your textbook, anthropologists use the term "original affluent society to refer to the foraging lifestyle to point out that _____.
foraging is actually a comfortable way to live
An anthropologist is conducting research among Tibetan pastoralists. Her primary question concerns how food production changes with the seasons. This project best illustrates research into a culture's _____.
mode of livelihood
Which of the following has been a common effect of capitalist expansion into noncapitalist settings?
population displacement
Which of the following is an example of an activity in the informal work sector?
selling illegal drugs
In addition to modes of livelihood, what other components of economic systems are of concern to economic anthropologists?
the ways people consume and exchange goods and services
What is the primary function of dogs in the culture of the Hare Indians?
transportation