Anthropology: ch 3 quiz

participant observation Match each anthropologist with her/his key contribution to the practice of ethnography.

Broninslaw Malinowski

synchronic approach sought to isolate variables Match each anthropologist with her/his key contribution to the practice of ethnography.

E.E Evans-Pritchard

four-field approach, salvage ethnography Match each anthropologist with her/his key contribution to the practice of ethnography.

Franz Boas

used fieldwork to engage in public debates in the United States Match each anthropologist with her/his key contribution to the practice of ethnography.

Margaret Mead

Which statement is at the core of the American Anthropological Association's statement on ethics? -Leave no trace. - Make no change. -Do not judge. -Do no harm.

do no harm

Chan has started a project comparing ethnographic data about health care practices from a village in Mozambique to data about similar techniques in rural Kentucky. This process is known as: -ethnology. -participant observation. -ethnography. -polyvocality.

ehthnology

Early in the ethnography, the anthropologist discusses the preparation and methods involved in his fieldwork. ethnographic technique

enthographic authority

focuses on power relationships in a community by looking at who people turn to in times of need field work strategy

social network analysis

can gather quantitative data and reach large numbers of people quickly field work strategy

survey

Claudia is frustrated because, having just arrived at her field site, she is having a hard time convincing people to sit down for an interview with her. What words of encouragement would be most appropriate to offer? - "Don't worry, you just haven't had time to establish rapport." - "Don't worry, you just haven't had time to establish informed consent." - "Don't worry, you just haven't had time to establish ethnology." - "Don't worry, you just haven't had time to establish polyvocality."

- "Don't worry, you just haven't had time to establish rapport."

Which of the following should you do prior to beginning anthropological fieldwork? Select all that apply. - perform a literature review -perform a kinship analysis -learn the local language - assemble the anthropologist's toolkit

- perform a literature review -learn the local language - assemble the anthropologist's toolkit

Which of the following statements about fieldwork are correct? Select all that apply. -Fieldwork begins with people. - Fieldwork shapes the anthropologist. - Fieldwork can be considered both social science and art. -Fieldwork should be done in a community other than your own.

-Fieldwork begins with people. - Fieldwork shapes the anthropologist. - Fieldwork can be considered both social science and art.

Which of the following statements about early anthropological investigations are accurate? Select all that apply. -Early anthropological fieldwork was limited to cultures local to the anthropologists . -The first written record of anthropological fieldwork has been dated to 7,000 years ago. -Much early anthropology did not involve fieldwork, relying instead on others' written accounts. - The roots of anthropological fieldwork lie in the globalization of the late 1800s.

-Much early anthropology did not involve fieldwork, relying instead on others' written accounts. - The roots of anthropological fieldwork lie in the globalization of the late 1800s.

Curtis wants to study how teachers in an urban high school feel about administrators such as the principal and superintendent. He wants to use a hidden camera in the teachers' lounge to capture teacher comments, then, in his report, to describe how these comments differ between teachers in different disciplines such as math, English, etc. Which of the following statements would apply to this scenario? Select all that apply. -This study is ethical because the teachers are paid using public funds. -This study is not ethical because there is no plan for obtaining informed consent -This study is not ethical because listing teacher comments according to discipline fails to preserve anonymity. - This study is ethical because the camera is not mounted in a place where the teachers can see it.

-This study is not ethical because there is no plan for obtaining informed consent -This study is not ethical because listing teacher comments according to discipline fails to preserve anonymity.

The process of fieldwork alters the character of: -the study community only. -both the anthropologist and the study community. -the anthropologist only. -neither the anthropologist nor the study community if the work is carefully done.

-both the anthropologist and the study community. (mutual transformation)

Charles is interested in studying access to paved sidewalks, bike paths, and jogging trails as a means of encouraging fitness in his study community. To aid his research, he creates a map of the study community's: -constructed environment. -built environment. -natural habitat. -key informants

-built environment.

Ethnographies about Puerto Rican culture written by Julian Steward and Sydney Mintz are important to the history of anthropological research because they: -demonstrate the value of salvage ethnography. -study how modern societies integrate into the modern world system. -employ gender-based reflexivity. -engage in contemporary U.S. public policy debates.

-study how modern societies integrate into the modern world system.

You've just spent five hours engaged in participant observation of a ritual feast and dancing in your study community. How should you record your observations? - Tweet about your experiences so that others have the data quickly. - Conduct a kinship analysis so you know who was dancing with whom. -Create a survey to measure which foods served at the feast were most popular. - Write detailed field notes as soon as possible.

Write detailed field notes as soon as possible.

Anthropologists are ethically bound to let those we study know why we are studying them, and to obtain their permission to do so. Which term summarizes this obligation? - informed consent - anonymity - polyvocality - cultural relativism

informed consent

a conversation wherein a respondent is asked a specific set of questions field work strategy

interview

examines genealogies to identify power relationships field work strategy

kinship analysis

seeks to understand how a culture has changed over the span of one person's life field work strategy

life history

Carlos is an anthropologist who wants to learn more about American college student culture. He decided to enroll in a college, take classes, live in a dorm, and interact with students. This ethnographic technique is best known as: -participant observation. -social network analysis. -reflexivity. -salvage ethnography

participant observation

People who hold opinions on multiple sides of a key cultural issue are quoted. ethnographic technique

polyvocality

field notes recorded during participant observation type of data

qualitative data

text of an interview with a local director of economic development type of data

qualitative data

average community income levels, by block type of data

quantitative data

ethnic composition of a community, by percentage type of data

quantitative data

Anthropological descriptions of cultural groups often include discussions of the role of the anthropologist herself in conducting the research. This provides important context to the reader, and is a concept known as: - ethnology. - qualitative analysis. - reflexivity. - anonymity.

reflexivity

The anthropologist includes his own reflection on the process of completing the fieldwork. ethnographic technique

reflexivity

Boas and his students rapidly gathered ethnographic material from Native American cultures so that we could learn as much as possible about them before they disappeared. This type of study is known as: -armchair anthropology. -participant observation. -a synchronic approach. -salvage ethnography.

salvage enthnography

The anthropologist focuses the words she uses on a specific audience—whether other anthropologists or the people she studies. ethnographic technique

tone and style

During fieldwork, conversational pauses or things unsaid by respondents can convey important meaning to the anthropologist. Which term is used in your chapter to describe these elements of a story that are not told or seen, or key details omitted from a conversation? -lapses -polyvocality -zeros -interpretivisms

zeros