AP Bio Chapter 19

How can a single RNA transcript lead to the translation of different proteins?

The same RNA transcript may be spliced in several different ways.

In a nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around

histones

In a nucleosome, what is the DNA wrapped around?

histones

Which of the following is not a mechanism whereby a proto-oncogene is converted to an oncogene?

methylation of bases

This class of DNA was discovered by Barbara McClintock

A

Which of the following can contribute to the development of cancer?

A and B only

Which of the following mechanisms is (are) used to coordinately control the expression of multiple, related genes in eukaryotic cells?

A and B only

Eukaryotic cells control gene expression by which of the following mechanisms?

A, B, and C

When pieces of DNA are centrifuged, a "satelite" band develops that is separate from the rest of the DNA.

B

These portions of the genome are nonfunctional nucleotide sequences that are quite similar to the functional genes.

E

The phenomenon in which RNA molecules in a cell are destroyed if they have a sequence complementary to an introduced double-stranded RNA is called

RNA interference

If a cell were unable to produce histone proteins, which of the following would be expected to occur?

The cell's DNA couldn't be packed into its nucleus.

In eukaryotes, transcription is generally associated with

both euchromatin and histone acetylation.

The repeated A exon in gene 4 is likely a product of

exon duplication

Gene 6 is mostly unrelated to the other genes, except for the presence of exon B.

exon shuffling

Two eukaryotic proteins have one domain in common but are otherwise very different.

exon shuffling

The structural similarity seen in genes 1 through 5 suggests that they were most likely produced by

gene duplication

If you were to observe the activity of methylated DNA, you would expect it to

have turned off or slowed down the process of transcription

Multigene families are

identical or similar genes that have evolved by gene duplication.

Rearrangement of the genome plays an important role in the ___ system.

immune

In humans, the embryonic and fetal forms of hemoglobin have a higher affinity for oxygen

nonidentical genes that produce different versions of globins during development,

One of the best pieces of evidence for the process of gene duplication and mutation is the occurrence of

pseudogenes

The nuclear membrane's role in the regulation of gene expression involves

regulating the transport of mRNA to the cytoplasm

Reverse transcriptase may be present in cells that have not been infected by a retrovirus because of the presence of

retrotransposons

The condensed chromosomes observed in mitosis include all of the following structures except

ribosomes

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the product of the p53 gene? It

slows down the rate of DNA replication by interfering with the binding of DNA polymerase.

Within a cell, the amount of protein made using a given mRNA molecule depends partly on

the rate at which the mRNA is degraded.

One of the characteristics of retrotransposons is that

they code for an enzyme that synthesizes DNA using and RNA template.

The most prominent component of the DNA is eukaryotic genomes is

transposable elements and related sequences