AP Chapter 18

Which leukocytes are granulocytes?

-Neutrophils -Basophils -Eosinophils

Characteristics of blood type O are

-has anti-A antibodies -has anti-B antibodies -has neither surface antigen A nor B on its erythrocytes

Which are characteristics of type A blood?

-has anti-B antibodies -has surface antigen A on its erythrocytes -will agglutinate with blood type B

How many oxygen molecules may bind to a single molecule of hemoglobin?

4

Plasma makes up about ____ percentage of a centrifuged sample of whole blood

55

Which type of leukocyte releases histamine?

Basophil

The smallest and most abundant plasma proteins are the

albumins

The first phase of hemostasis involves

blood vessel constriction

The hemoglobin found in erythrocytes is able to chemically attach to

both oxygen and carbon dioxide

during platelet plug formation, platelets begin to stick to

collagen with the assistance of von Willebrand factor

If a patient becomes dehydrated, the percentage of plasma in a centrifuged sample of his or her blood would likely

decrease

The main function of leukocytes is to

defend against pathogens

The viscosity of blood is ____ proportional to the number of erythrocytes and ____ proportional to the amount of fluid

directly, indirectly

Sodium, Calcium, and bicarbonate are all described as plasma

electrolytes

The most numerous of the formed elements are the

erythrocytes

When blood is centrifuged and its components separate, the bottom of the tube holds the

erythrocytes

The clinical definition of the hematocrit refers to the percentage of

erythrocytes in the blood

The carbon dioxide molecules that bind to the hemoglobin molecule are attached to the ___ units

globin

The process of producing the formed elements of blood is called

hemopoiesis

The type of leukocyte that will migrate in the blood and take up residence in the tissues as a macrophage is a

monocyte

The type of leukocyte that is very active during a bacterial infection is

neutrophil

The "buffy coat" in a centrifuged blood sample is composed of

platelets and leukocytes

Extensions from megakaryocytes that extend through blood vessel walls in red marrow are sliced off from the cells by the force of blood flow. These extensions are

proplatelets

If agglutination occurs after a blood transfusion, it may indicate

the wrong blood type was used

Blood is correctly classified as a

tissue