AP English lang SEM B Final

Satire

A literary work containing devices that ridicule the vices or stupidity of individuals, groups, institutions, or societies.

"Although she feeds me bread of bitterness,And sinks into my throat her tiger's tooth,Stealing my breath of life, I will confessI love this cultured hell that tests my youth.Her vigor flows like tides into my blood,Giving me strength erect against her hate,Her bigness sweeps my being like a flood.Yet, as a rebel fronts a king in state,I stand within her walls with not a shredOf terror, malice, not a word of jeer.Darkly I gaze into the days ahead,And see her might and granite wonders there,Beneath the touch of Time's unerring hand,Like priceless treasures sinking in the sand." Which of the following best describes the poem as a whole?

A poignant description of the strengths and faults of America

This passage is from then-Senator Barack Obama's November 2007 Speech on the "American Dream" "When our fellow Americans are denied the American dream, our own dreams are diminished. And today, the cost of that dream is rising faster than ever before. While some have prospered beyond imagination in this global economy, middle-class Americans—as well as those working hard to become middle class—are seeing the American dream slip further and further away. You know it from your own lives. Americans are working harder for less and paying more for health care and college. For most folks, one income isn't enough to raise a family and send your kids to college. Sometimes, two incomes aren't enough. It's harder to save. It's harder to retire. You're doing your part, you're meeting your responsibilities, but it always seems like you're treading water or falling behind. And as I see this every day on the campaign trail, I'm reminded of how unlikely it is that the dreams of my family could be realized today..." Which type of rhetorical device is used in the lines, "It's harder to save. It's harder to retire"?

Anaphora

Verbal irony example

I just love being grounded.

Which types of appeals are most often found at the end of a speech to show the audience the importance of the issue, as well as remind them of the facts and the speaker's credibility and desire to see the right course of action taken?

Pathos, logos, and ethos

Situational irony example

Teen 2: Why would they ground you? Weren't you out late planning your parents' surprise anniversary dinner? Teen 1: Yea, but I can't tell them that!

exaggeration

To enlarge, increase, or represent something beyond normal bounds so that it becomes ridiculous and its faults can be seen.

parody

To imitate the techniques of another author or artist with deliberate exaggeration in order to ridicule or comment on a system, practice, belief, idea, group, or society.

reversal

To present the opposite of the normal order (e.g., the order of events, hierarchical order).

incongruity

To present things that are out of place or are absurd in relation to their surroundings.

Which of the following clichés is the best example of juxtaposition?

Two wrongs don't make a right.

Which of the following phrases is the best example of an appeal to pathos?

You will make the right choice because you have something that few others have: you have heart.

Situational irony

a device in which what one expects to happen does not actually occur

Verbal irony

a device in which what one says does not match what one means

This passage is from the beginning Senator Marco Rubio's April 2015 Speech at Miami's Freedom Tower. "After months of deliberation and prayer about the future of our country, I have come here tonight to make an announcement on how I believe I can best serve her. I chose to make this announcement at the Freedom Tower because it is a symbol of our nation's identity as the land of opportunity. And I am more confident than ever that despite our troubles, we have it within our power to make our time another American Century. In this very room five decades ago, tens of thousands of Cuban exiles began their new lives in America. Their story is part of the larger story of the American miracle. How, united by a common faith in their God given right to go as far as their talent and work would take them, a collection of immigrants and exiles, former slaves and refugees, became one people, and together built the freest and most prosperous nation ever." The purpose of placing the line, "In this very room five decades ago, tens of thousands of Cuban exiles began their new lives in America," in the beginning of his speech is to...

appeal to emotion by alluding to a historic moment that the audience could appreciate

"We shall not always plant while others reapThe golden increment of bursting fruit,Nor always countenance, abject and mute,That lesser men should hold their brothers cheap;Not everlastingly while others sleepShall we beguile their limbs with mellow flute,Not always bend to some more subtle brute.We were not made eternally to weep." In this excerpt, the author's tone is best described as

assertive and rebellious

Rain on someone's wedding day is an example of

coincidence

You wake up early to get to school on time but get in a traffic jam and end up being late. This is an example of

coincidence

Which phrase best completes the juxtaposition? The nervous bleats of sheep and the...

comforting song of the farmer

"Once riding in old Baltimore,Heart-filled, head-filled with glee,I saw a BaltimoreanKeep looking straight at me." In this excerpt, the author's tone is best described as

enthusiastic and optimistic

This passage is from Senator Marco Rubio's April 2015 Speech at Miami's Freedom Tower. "My father became a bartender. My mother a cashier, a maid and a Kmart stock clerk. They never made it big. But they were successful." The purpose of including this line at the beginning of his speech is to

establish credibility through examples that show he is personally acquainted with the issue

This passage is from then-Senator Barack Obama's November 2007 Speech on the "American Dream." "The steel plant had closed. Jobs were disappearing. In a forgotten corner of America, the American dream was slipping away. And I knew dreams are worth fighting for." The purpose of including this line at the beginning of his speech is to...

establish the need for hope by using concrete examples

Satires that "tell the truth with a smile" fall on the _____ end of the continuum.

horatian

"The instructor said, Go home and write a page tonight.And let that page come out of you—Then, it will be true. I wonder if it's that simple?I am twenty-two, colored, born in Winston-Salem.I went to school there, then Durham, then hereto this college on the hill above Harlem." In this excerpt, the author uses italics to...

indicate the separation of the instructor's words and speaker's thoughts

This passage is from the end of then-Senator Barack Obama's November 2007 Speech on the "American Dream." "The dreams of my grandmother—who was up at dawn and worked twice as hard at her job because a woman had to work harder to get ahead. The dreams of my father who crossed an ocean because America offered that light to the world. The dreams of my mother—a single mom who understood that a life rich in family and experience was more important than a life of riches. The dreams of those men and women on the South Side of Chicago, who fought with me to create a future for their community after the steel plant was shuttered." The purpose of placing the line, "The dreams of my mother—a single mom who understood that a life rich in family and experience was more important than a life of riches," at the end of his speech is to...

offer contrasting and connotative images to inspire the audience to share his vision

The purpose of satire is usually to _______________.

reform

"I bathed in the Euphrates when dawns were young.I built my hut near the Congo and it lulled me to sleep.I looked upon the Nile and raised the pyramids above it.I heard the singing of the Mississippi when Abe Lincolnwent down to New Orleans, and I've seen its muddybosom turn all golden in the sunset." In these lines, the speaker is suggesting that

rivers are a metaphor for struggles over time

"I never forget a face, but in your case I'll be glad to make an exception" is an example of

sarcasm

"Some cause happiness wherever they go; others whenever they go" is an example of

sarcasm

You overhear a woman introducing her daughter with the following words, "This is my brilliant daughter who has failed her college courses—again!" This is an example of

sarcasm

This passage is from Senator Marco Rubio's April 2015 Speech at Miami's Freedom Tower. "But I live in an exceptional country where even the son of a bartender and a maid can have the same dreams and the same future as those who come from power and privilege." In these lines, Rubio's words encourage Americans to

see the extraordinary opportunity available in America

"Now I was eight and very small,And he was no whit bigger,And so I smiled, but he poked outHis tongue, and called me, 'Ni**er.'I saw the whole of BaltimoreFrom May until December;Of all the things that happened thereThat's all that I remember." Which rhetorical device does the author employ in these lines?

shift in tone

A student can be suspended for skipping school is an example of

situational irony

A student, overcommitted to countless activities to improve his chances of being accepted to a prestigious university, finds he is too busy to do his homework. This results in a very poor GPA—the grounds for the denial letter he receives from the university. This is an example of

situational irony

The CEO of an identity theft prevention company has his identity stolen. This is an example of

situational irony

Situational irony vs. coincidence

situational irony includes outcomes that are contrary to what is expected, but strangely related or connected

"We shall not always plant while others reapThe golden increment of bursting fruit,Not always countenance, abject and muteThat lesser men should hold their brothers cheap;" Which rhetorical device does the author employ in these lines?

symbolism

"We shall not always plant while others reapThe golden increment of bursting fruit,Nor always countenance, abject and mute,That lesser men should hold their brothers cheap;Not everlastingly while others sleepShall we beguile their limbs with mellow flute,Not always bend to some more subtle brute.We were not made eternally to weep. The night, whose sable breast relieves the stark,White stars, is no less lovely being dark;And there are buds that cannot bloom at allIn light, but crumple, piteous, and fall.So in the dark we hid the heart that bleeds,And wait, and tend our agonizing needs." In context, the expression "hold their brothers cheap," is best interpreted as

to set a low value on

Describing an old, rusty, dented car as "a beauty" is an example of

verbal irony

On a snowy, cold day, a man says to a passerby, "Great day for a stroll." This is an example of

verbal irony