AP Euro Ch. 17

Fredrick the Great

1 "first servant of the state" 2 efficient government 3 religious toleration 4 education reform 5 legal system reform 6 gets the nobles to agree with him by giving serfs to their liking 7 Sans Souci Palace

Joseph 2

1 Most Enlightened 2 encourages the arts 3 Edicts of Toleration 4 abolished serfdom 5 education reform 6 freedom of press 7 improve agriculture and crop rotation

Catherine the Great

1 Only Temporarialy Enlightened 2 Continues Peter the Great's westernization 3 some religious toleration 4 attempt to codify law 5 Pugachev Rebellion 6 expansion at cost of Ottoman and Poland 7 serf conditions worse

Maria Theresa

1 church under state control: political move 2 bureaucracy strengthened 3. some improvements for peasants

Queen Christian of Sweden

1632-1654 Encouraged intellectual discussion father was Gustavus Adolphus. people came to her court investigated religions wanted to convert to Catholicism but couldn't stay on thrown. converts and moves to Ro

Pragmatic Sanction

1713 Charles VI is emporer of Austria didn't have male heirs and wants his daughter accepted says that upon his death, Maria Theresa inherits had to bribe people to accept

Pugachev Rebellion

1733 Was a cossack leads rebellion to make himself czar and free the serfs put down by army captured and brought to St. Petersburg Catherine slows reforms

War of Austrian Succession

1740-1748 1 Fredrick Great invades Silesia 2 Prussia, France, Spain vs. Austria, England 3 King George's War in America 4 Treaty of Aix la Chapelle

Seven Years War

1756-1763 1 French Indian War in America 2 Austria wants Silesia back 3 Britain and France arguing about overseas 4 Austria, France, Russia vs. England, Prussia 5 Treaty of Paris 1763

Partition of Poland

1772-1795 Russia, Austria, Prussia settle disputes through Polish lands

Wealth of Nations

Adam Smith Mercanitlism Laissez Fair regulated by natural law supply and demand and competition

Laissez Faire

Adam Smith hands off, leave alone, the government keeps away from economy

On the Structure of Human Body

Andreas Vesalius

Conversations of the Plurality of Worlds

Bernard de Fontelle Tried to explain astronomy simply

The System of Nature

Carl Von Linne Nature is organized into a God-given hierarchy

On Crimes and Punishments

Cessare Beccaria Right to a trial Innocent until proven guilty

Progress of the Human Mind

Condorcet Progress in society leads to opitimism and can lead to perfection

On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres

Copernicus

Encyclopedia

D'Alembert and Diderot All the phiosophes ideas compiled in one

Tycho Brahe

Danish nobleman with most advanced labratory

Aristotelian World View

Earth is at center of universe God keeps everything moving Christian speheres

Francis Bacon

Empiricism

Treaty of Paris 1763

England gets all the territory in N. America England gets upperhand in India Prussia keeps Silesia

Robert Boyle

Founder of chemistry

Economic Table

Francois Quesnay Wealth is based on land and agriculture production not on gold need to have high crop yields to be successful questioned mercantilism

Treaty of Aix La Chapelle

Fredrick keeps Silesia England keeps N. America land Prussia is major power Maria Theresa stays

Dialogue on the 2 chief systems of the world

Galileo four moons of Jupiter experimental method

Dare to Know

Immanuel Kant Have to want to learn and be educated to discover

Baruch Spinoza

Jewish philosophe who said God and nature were 2 names for same thing

The New Astronomy

Johannes Kepler Developed 3 new laws of planetary motion orbits are elliptical not circular

Essay Concerning Human Understanding

John Locke Tabula Rasa everyone is born with a blank slate and has the potential for education

Second Treatise of Civil Government

John Locke likes glorious revolution government and people have a contract gov. protects people and people support the gov. life, liberty, property

Edicts of Toleration

Joseph 2 1712-1782 toleration patent religious freedom for Jews and Protestants closes contemplative orders: didn't contribute to the state

Of Cannibals

Montaigne it's ok to ask questions and be skeptical

Spirit of the Laws

Montesquie Separation of powers: judicial, executive, legislative

Persian Letters

Montesquie attacks the government of France through a story book

Mathematicl Principles of Natural Philosophy

Newton Law of universal gravitation

Historical Critical Dictionary

Pierre Bayle

Emile

Rousseau Best way to learn is through life experiences not a classroom childhood is special and different than adulthood

David Hume

Scotish philosophe who questioned the power of reason

Voltaire

Using Newton's ideas, developed that the world works like a clock empiricism

Rationalism

accepting reason or intellect as a true source of knowledge

Diplomatic Revolution

alliances changing Austria and France vs. Prussia and England

Rene Descartes

believed the world can be reduced to matter and mind: the physical and spiritual Cartesian Dualism

William Harvey

discovered circulation of blood through the body

Free Trade

do away with taxes of exports and imports

Empiricism

emphasis on sensory experience as a source of knowledge

salons

formal drawing rooms aristocrats and upper middle class met to discuss the ideas of Englightenment. hosted by women

New "faith"

god is reason, highest power is rationalism ritual is science and scientific method apostles are the philosophes

Mme Geofrrin

held many salons

Perfection

human perfection is an attainable girl Renaissance humanists wanted to imitate the greats not surpass them

Economic Liberalism

late 1700's Government not involved in economy was a liberal view at the time

Deism

new religious attitude there is

Newtonian World View

our universe operates according to precise mathematical laws logical, rational, reason works like a machine

Mme Du Chatlet

translated some of Newton into laymne terms