AP Euro Ch27-29

Jews in Palestine proclaimed the state of Israel

when the British withdrew from Palestine in 1948.

As practiced in the 1930s , appeasement was

A British policy that came to give Hitler whatever he wanted in order to avoid war

For artists such as Dadaists and Surrealists, what was the purpose of art?

Art should expose the bankruptcy of modern society and produce radical social change.

Why did Joseph Stalin defeat Leon Trotsky in the struggle for power following the death of Lenin?

As a general secretary of the Communist Party, Stalin was more effective at building friends and allies by handing out jobs and promises

How did the Soviet Union and Eastern European Communist regimes treat displaced persons returning home after the war?

As politically unreliable because of their exposure to Western European society.

Britain adopted a policy of appeasement in its relationship with Hitler for all of the following reason except

Britain was militarily weak, having disarmed after the First Word War.

Why did Britain adopt a policy of appeasement in its relationship with Hitler?

British conservative leaders underestimated Hitler

To resolve the economic problems of Germany and international tensions in Europe, the U.S. developed the

Dawes Plan

How did the Soviet Union's treatment of Czechoslovakia in 1948 demonstrate its intention to consolidate its hold on Eastern Europe?

Even though the Czech Communist Party had won significant electoral support, Stalin still orchestrated the overthrow of the government and establish a one-party.

Why did Stalin call for the liquidation of the kulaks?

He believed that as landowners they would eventually embrace conservative capitalism and become great enemies of socialist progress

How did Stalin use the murder of Sergei Kirov?

He blamed the murder on fascist agents within the Communist Party and launched a purge of the party itself that solidified his own control

In the late 1920s, how did Hitler shape the Nazi party's message to appeal to middle-class voters?

He deemphasize the anti-capitalist elements of national Socialism and vowed to fight communism

Why did Charles de Gaulle withdraw France from NATO?

He viewed the United States as the main threat to French independence.

Explain the "Europe First" policy adopted by the Allied Powers during the World War II?

Hitler would be defeated before the allies mounted an all-out assault on Japan

What was the effect of Lenin's 1921 new economic policy?

It encouraged cousins to sell their surpluses and free markets and allowed private traders and small manufacturers to do business again

What was the purpose of the enabling act in 1933?

It gave Hitler dictatorial powers for four years

Which of the following best characterizes the results of the Marshall Plan?

It was one of the most successful foreign aid programs in history, preventing economic collapse in Western Europe.

The British political party that emerged during the 1920s as the champion of the working class and the main opposition to the Conservative party was the

Labour party

What new component of consumer society emerged in the 1920s?

Professional advertising agencies

How did Big Science foster the Green Revolution?

Research into agriculture greatly increased the world food supply, using fewer workers and more productivity per acre

Lenin's New Economic Policy was a political compromise with

Russian Peasants

Which battle was the decisive turning point in the clash between the Soviet Union in Germany?

Stalingrad

To receive Marshall Plan aid, European states were required to cooperate with another. What was the result of this cooperation?

The Organization for European Economic Cooperation.

According to Hitler's New Order, which European race was considered subhuman along with the Jews?

The Slavic Race

At the time of the Yalta Conference in 1945, why was the position of the Soviet Union much stronger in negotiations with the United States and Great Britain?

The Soviet army already occupied much of Eastern Europe.

What did the Korean War demonstrate about Cold War relations?

The United States and Soviet Union would avoid open conflict in Europe but would engage in open, non-nuclear conflict elsewhere in the world.

How did the Nazis seek to give legitimacy to their racial policies?

They established research institutes and academics that measured and defined racial differences in order to present prejudice in the guise of enlightened science

How did some British women seek to affect British colonialism in India?

They worked to improve the lives of Indian women, moving them closer to Western standards through education and legislation.

What was Germany's goal in the battle of Britain?

To gain air supremacy in anticipation of an invasion of Great Britain

John Maynard Keynes's critique of the postwar settlement called for

a complete revision of the Versailles settlement.

According to the text, the American stock market crash of October 1929 was primarily the result of

an imbalance between real investment and speculation.

In order to foster economic growth, the German Minister of the Economy Ludwig Erhard

emphasized free market capitalism.

The advancement in military weaponry and the space race

fostered a revolution in computer technology.

All of the following correctly describe Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy except

he argued that humans must overcome their animal instincts, which prevent them from refining their intellectual abilities and moral sensibilities

German government printing of money to pay unemployment benefits to workers striking in the Ruhr against the Franco-Belgian occupation of 1923 led to

hyperinflation (aka runway inflation)

When Germany refused to make its second reparations payment, France and Belgium

occupied the Ruhr district

The parliamentary government in Italy was breaking down at the time of the Fascist march on Rome in October 1922, largely because

of the violence perpetrated by Mussolini's own black-shirted militants.

The Great Depression did not hit Britain as hard as the United States or Germany, in part because

the British economy gradually reoriented away from international markets and toward production of consumer goods for the domestic market.