AP Euro Chapter 26

e

The large new colony acquired by the U.S. in Asia in the Spanish-American War of 1898 was A) Thailand. B) Vietnam. C) Taiwan. D) Burma. E) the Philippines.

c

The largest share of European foreign investment went to A) sub-Saharan Africa. B) Asia. C) European states and North America D) the Third World. E) Latin America.

e

According to the text, the British intervention in Egypt that began in 1876 and culminated with a military takeover in 1882 was a dramatic break with earlier nineteenth-century European expansion because A) the British forced Egypt to open its ports to European trade. B) the British intervened as part of a humanitarian effort to aid flood victims. C) the British aimed to offer the Egyptians full citizenship. D) the British hoped to convert the Egyptians to Christianity. E) the British took direct political control of Egypt.

c

According to the text, which Indian social group had the greatest opportunities under British colonial rule? A) The untouchables. B) The Muslim elite. C) Upper-caste Hindus. D) The Sikhs. E) The peasants.

a

After shattering military defeat, one reason for the initial acceptance of European imperial rule by the great majority of Asians and Africans was A) that political participation in Asia and Africa had generally been limited to small elites. B) the masses hoped that European liberalism and capitalism would bring them more opportunity. C) the prior success of Christian missionary efforts. D) widespread land redistribution programs implemented by new European rulers. E) that many native peoples perceived the Europeans to be gods.

b

Ahmed Arabi exemplifies A) collaborationist response to Western imperialism. B) armed resistance to Western imperialism. C) cooperative, but uncommitted, response to Western imperialism. D) westernization as a response to Western imperialism. E) nonviolent resistance to Western imperialism.

e

All of the following were European critics of imperialism except A) Henry Labouchére. B) V. I. Lenin. C) J. A. Hobson. D) Joseph Conrad. E) Jules Ferry.

a

Between 1750 and 1913, average income in the Third World A) was stagnant. B) doubled. C) increased by 50 percent. D) fell by 50 percent. E) increased threefold.

d

By 1913, world trade had A) increased by 25 percent over the 1800 level. B) almost tripled that of 1800. C) more than doubled that of 1800. D) grown twenty-five times that of 1800. E) remained stagnant for more than two generations.

a

China's __________ government's efforts to stamp out the opium trade were opposed by the British. A) Qing B) Ming C) Yuan D) Song E) Tang

a

German chancellor Otto von Bismarck A) at first disdained the acquisition of colonies as a waste of effort and funds, but later took several African colonies for Germany. B) rejected the acquisition of colonies as a waste of effort and funds. C) consistently advocated German acquisition of a global empire. D) criticized the British and French colonial empires on humanitarian grounds. E) sought to establish German colonies in Latin America.

a

In 1750 the average standard of living in Europe as a whole was A) no higher than the rest of the world. B) twice as high as the rest of the world. C) 25 percent higher than the rest of the world. D) 25 percent lower than the rest of the world. E) 50 percent lower than the rest of the world.

d

In 1910 Korea became a colony of A) China. B) Russia. C) France. D) Japan. E) Germany.

a

In his book Imperalism, J. A. Hobson maintained all of the following except that A) imperialism was justified by Darwin's theory of natural selection. B) imperialism diverted attention from much-needed domestic reform. C) imperialism resulted from capitalists' search for profitable investments. D) imperialism benefited only a small number of private interests. E) imperial possessions did not pay off for the imperial country as a whole

d

In the Battle of Omdurman, the British lost twentyeight troops, while Sudanese forces lost A) 1,000. B) 600. C) 100. D) 11,000. E) 100,000.

d

In the Treaty of ___________, China was forced to cede Hong Kong to the British. A) Edo B) Shanghai C) Canton D) Nanking E) Beijing

a

Ismail Ali ruled for sixteen years as Egypt's ___________, or prince A) khedive B) shah C) caliph D) imam E) pharaoh

b

Japan opened its shores to Western trade A) because it wanted to enter the world economy. B) in response to U.S. military pressure. C) as a result of the Meiji Restoration. D) under the influence of Dutch missionaries there. E) to reduce its dependence on China.

a

Jews made up the immigrant group least likely to return to their native land, primarily because of A) the violent anti-Semitism in eastern Europe. B) the success they enjoyed in their new homes. C) laws against such repatriation. D) the high cost of travel back to Europe. E) the strength of Jewish traditional culture.

d

Rudyard Kipling's "white man's burden" referred to A) the social costs of industrialization. B) the difficulties of reaching consensus in a democratic society. C) the supposed innate inferiority of the white race. D) the white race's supposed duty to "civilize" inferior, nonwhite races. E) the high costs of maintaining colonial rule.

c

Sun Yat-sen A) led the traditionalist "Boxers" in their rebellion against the Western presence in China. B) was the most reformist adviser to the Qing government. C) advocated overthrow of the Qing dynasty and the establishment of a Chinese republic. D) was a Chinese general who led an attempted coup against the Qing government. E) advocated the quiet cultivation of traditional Chinese virtues as a response to the West.

d

The Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 A) set the terms for the division of China into economic zones of influence. B) declared Africa off-limits to colonization. C) determined peace terms that ended the Sino-Japanese War. D) set up the terms for the division of most of Africa among European colonial powers. E) established high tariffs to protect German industry

b

The Boxer Rebellion was A) a revolt of Chinese military officers who supported westernization against the Qing Empress Dowager. B) a rebellion of traditionalist Chinese patriots who wished to expel all Westerners from China. C) a mutiny in the British Mediterranean fleet. D) an uprising of militant Muslims against British rule in Sudan. E) a revolution made by patriotic samurai who overthrew the Japanese shogun.

c

The Meiji Restoration featured all of the following except A) a military modeled along European lines. B) borrowing of Western science and technology. C) overthrow of the emperor. D) a free, competitive, government-stimulated economy. E) the hiring of Western technological specialists.

e

The Sino-British war, which ended with the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, was caused by A) British attempts to break the Chinese monopoly on the tea trade. B) the brutal massacre of Christian missionaries by the Chinese army units. C) British attempts to intimidate the Manchu emperor. D) the Chinese seizure of Hong Kong. E) Chinese attempts to stop the British-controlled opium trade

b

The SinoJapanese War led to A) the collapse of Japanese imperial designs. B) a fresh round of imperialistic activity in China. C) a brief naval war between Japan and England. D) a successful program of modernization in China. E) the immediate collapse of the Qing Dynasty

c

The most striking difference between the new imperialism of 1880-1914 and European expansion earlier in the 1800s was the new imperialism's A) violence. B) economic domination. C) formal political control. D) efforts to "civilize" native peoples. E) capitalism.

d

The primary factor that influenced whether European immigrants returned to their native lands was A) their degree of success in the New World. B) family connections in Europe. C) the strength of their new nationalism. D) the possibility of buying land in the home country. E) the strength of their traditional culture.

c

The principle by which the European powers established their claim to an African territory was known as A) extraterritoriality. B) annexation. C) effective occupation D) military subjugation. E) the "white man's burden."

c

The typical European immigrant was often A) a middle-class professional. B) an urban factory worker. C) a small farmer or rural craftsperson. D) a landless peasant. E) an aristocrat.

b

The writings of Heinrich von Treitschke reflected the A) anti-imperialist critique. B) nationalist drive for colonies. C) economic interpretation of imperialism. D) missionary aspect of imperialism. E) socialist view of imperialism.

c

Thirty-four percent of European emigrants between 1851 and 1960 came from A) Germany. B) Italy. C) Great Britain and Ireland. D) Russia. E) Poland.

a

Which of the following events occurred first? A) Perry "opens" Japan. B) United States takes over the Philippines. C) Suez Canal is completed. D) Conrad publishes Heart of Darkness. E) Meiji Restoration establishes new government in Japan

d

Which of the following events occurred last? A) Perry "opens" Japan. B) United States takes over the Philippines. C) Suez Canal is completed. D) Conrad publishes Heart of Darkness. E) Meiji Restoration establishes new government in Japan.

b

Which of the following societies responded most successfully to Western imperialism before World War I? A) China. B) Japan. C) Egypt. D) Sudan. E) India.

a

While Europeans migrated for a variety of reasons, most did so A) for economic reasons. B) for political reasons. C) for religious reasons. D) for personal reasons. E) to avoid the draft.

e

___________ led the United States' effort to gain access to Japanese markets. A) Theodore Roosevelt B) William Bryan C) President McKinley D) Edward Johnson E) Matthew Perry