AP Gov

Which of the following is a correct comparison of the positions of libertarians and conservatives on matters of social policy?

A

Which of the following measures would a president adhering to Keynesian economic principles most likely employ during an economic recession?

A budget with significant increases in spending for unemployment benefits and public works projects

Which of the following best describes an exit poll?

A poll that asks voters at randomly selected voting places whom they voted for so that election results can be predicted more quickly

A society that puts equality—in the sense of equality of outcome—ahead of freedom will end up with neither equality nor freedom. The use of force to achieve equality will destroy freedom, and the force, introduced for good purposes, will end up in the hands of people who use it to promote their own interests. On the other hand, a society that puts freedom first will, as a happy by-product, end up with both greater freedom and greater equality. . . . A free society releases the energies and abilities of people to pursue their own objectives. It prevents some people from arbitrarily suppressing others. It does not prevent people from achieving positions of privilege, but so long as freedom is maintained, it prevents those positions of privilege from becoming institutionalized. —Milton Friedman, Free to Choose (1980) Which of the following governmental policies would the author most likely support?

Allowing individuals to purchase marijuana for recreational use

Which of the following scenarios best reflects the process of political socialization?

An individual takes a civics course in school and develops opinions about politics.

Which of the following illustrates an economic policy most likely supported by an ideologically liberal individual?

Congress increasing the minimum wage

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of conservative and liberal views concerning social policy?

D

Which of the following is generally the most important agent of political socialization?

Family

Which of the following policies is most likely to cause tension between the competing values of individualism and equality of opportunity?

Implementing affirmative action programs

A member of Congress who advocates for a more Keynesian approach to solving a recession will likely support which of the following?

Increasing federal spending on infrastructure programs

On November 2, 2014, a Gallup poll reported that 51 percent of Americans support legalizing marijuana, while 47 percent oppose legalization. The reported margin of sampling error was +/- 4 percent. Which of the following inferences can be made from the poll?

It is unclear whether more people support marijuana legalization than oppose it.

Which of the following sets of policies appears to be most influenced by a libertarian ideology?

Legalize the commercial sale of marijuana and reduce government spending on prisons.

Which of the following statements is consistent with data shown in the bar graph?

Republicans are more likely than Democrats to believe that there should be fewer regulations on businesses to promote economic growth and increase wages.

A polling firm tried to predict the results of an election by sampling 1,000 adults within a state for two days prior to the election, using landline telephones of likely voters. After the election, the firm found that their poll results were not close to the actual election results. Which of the following recommendations would be the best for the firm to follow in the future?

Sample people who have cell phones, in addition to those with landlines.

Which of the following policies would an individual who identifies as a Democrat most likely support?

Strengthening anti-discrimination policies for married gay couples

In a public opinion poll, a polling company used an online survey tool to randomly contact respondents who did not have telephone lines in addition to contacting people over the phone. Which of the following best explains this decision?

The company wanted to ensure that the sample of the population was truly random.

Which of the following statements is supported by data in the graph?

The higher the income, the more likely that the person will support smaller government.

Which of the following statements is correct based on the bar chart?

The more consistently liberal a person is, the more that person is likely to believe that the Supreme Court should base its rulings on what the Constitution means in current times.

A recent poll indicates that 60 percent of all people in the United States support a flat tax system. Which of the following supports the credibility of the poll result?

The poll reported a sampling error.

In a public opinion poll of a representative sample of a population, 1200 people were asked to agree, disagree, or express neutrality toward the following statements. Statement A: The government should spend more money on welfare. Result: 35 percent of the respondents agreed. Statement B: The government should spend more money on helping the poor. Result: 60 percent of the respondents agreed. Which of the following most likely accounts for the different results?

The questions contained a difference in wording.

A media organization is interested in reporting election results in a congressional election prior to the final tally of votes which will not occur until later in the evening. The organization randomly selects several polling places across the district asking voters whom they voted for. The type of poll being used in this scenario is known as

an exit poll

A liberal response to the "strained resources" of local government most likely would include

an increase in federal spending on public education and more programs aimed at helping lower-income communities.

The data illustrate that most conservatives believe that the United States Constitution

outlines a framework for government that the Supreme Court should apply strictly regardless of the political or personal preferences of judges.

A state government places security cameras facing a popular site of protest in a public square in front of its statehouse. This scenario illustrates

the balance of promoting stability and ensuring civil liberties.

A society that puts equality—in the sense of equality of outcome—ahead of freedom will end up with neither equality nor freedom. The use of force to achieve equality will destroy freedom, and the force, introduced for good purposes, will end up in the hands of people who use it to promote their own interests. On the other hand, a society that puts freedom first will, as a happy by-product, end up with both greater freedom and greater equality. . . . A free society releases the energies and abilities of people to pursue their own objectives. It prevents some people from arbitrarily suppressing others. It does not prevent people from achieving positions of privilege, but so long as freedom is maintained, it prevents those positions of privilege from becoming institutionalized. —Milton Friedman, Free to Choose (1980) Which of the following ideological perspectives is most consistent with the passage?

Libertarian

A society that puts equality—in the sense of equality of outcome—ahead of freedom will end up with neither equality nor freedom. The use of force to achieve equality will destroy freedom, and the force, introduced for good purposes, will end up in the hands of people who use it to promote their own interests. On the other hand, a society that puts freedom first will, as a happy by-product, end up with both greater freedom and greater equality. . . . A free society releases the energies and abilities of people to pursue their own objectives. It prevents some people from arbitrarily suppressing others. It does not prevent people from achieving positions of privilege, but so long as freedom is maintained, it prevents those positions of privilege from becoming institutionalized. —Milton Friedman, Free to Choose (1980) Which of the following statements is most consistent with the author's argument in this passage?

Undermining freedom will extinguish both freedom and equality.