AP Gov Unit 1 Test

Based on the Federalist 21, which of the following arguments about government would Hamilton likely agree with?

As a practical matter, the laws of the national government ought to have supremacy over state laws.

Brutus was an example of an Anti-Federalist because he

Believed a centralized government posed a major threat to individual rights.

South Carolina passed a law to increase the state tax on gasoline to help fund repairs on highways and bridges. The state tax is in addition to the federal tax on every gallon of gasoline that is sold. Which of the following constitutional provision does this scenario illustrate?

Concurrent Powers

Which of the following powers allows both the federal and state governments to make policies involving taxation?

Concurrent Powers

Which of the following constitutional principles most directly addresses the relationship between the national and state governments?

Federalism

Under the Articles of Confederation, which of the following were true?

I & III ( Congress should not tax the states directly, and Congress was a unicameral body)

Which of the following is the most accurate interpretation of the political cartoon?

State governments prefer federal funding but do not want federal oversight over how the money is spent.

Of the Following, which has been used most to expand the power of the nation government?

The Commerce Clause of the Constitution

Which of the following is an example of the constitutional design of checks and balances?

The Senate rejects a president's nomination for secretary of state.

In the early part of the twenty-first century, public opinion polls showed that a majority of Americans believed it should be illegal to burn the American flag. As a result, many members of Congress introduced amendments to make it illegal to burn or desecrate the American flag. However, these efforts have been unsuccessful. Which of the following statements best explains why these efforts have been unsuccessful?

The framers made the amendment process difficult in order to protect individual rights.

Which of the following is commonly identified as a failure of the Articles of Confederation?

The national government lacked an effective power to raise revenue

Which of the following was a direct outcome of the Three-Fifths Compromise?

The number of representattives in the House of Representatives from slaveholding states increased

Which of the following best describes Madison's primary concern about representative government?

Those who see to represent the people may be tempted to act in their own interests instead

Which of the following is a method by which Congress is likely influencing state policy being depicted in the cartoon?

Unfunded mandates

The Connecticut (Great) Compromise provided for

a bicameral legislature with one house's composition based upon state population and another's on equal state representation

The debates between federalists and anti-federalists were primarily about which of the following issues?

The scope of power of the central government

According to the chart, in which of the following years (approximately) did the number of federal military personnel fall below that of federal civilian personnel?

1990

According to James Madison, which of the following best controls the effects of faction?

A large republic

Which of the following is an example of checks and balances?

A rule issued by a bureaucratic agency may be declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Ct

Which of the following is argued by James Madison in the Federalist paper number 10?

A system of republican representation helps to limit the excesses of factionalism.

In the Federalist papers, James Madison expressed the view that political factions...

Are undesirable but inevitable in a free nation

Which of the following sections of the US Constitution most concerns Madison according to the Passage?

Article 1 Section 2 --> "The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature."

The process shown in the diagram is outlined in which of the following parts of the US Constitution?

Article 5

All of the following were concerns about the Articles of Confedaration that led to the calling of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 EXCEPT

Dissatisfaction over safeguards of individual rights and liberties.

Which of the following is a fundamental element of the US Constitution?

Division of government authority across political institutions

Which of the following policies involves more state spending that federal spending?

Education

Which of the following accurately characterizes the main difference between elite theories and pluralist theories of politics in the US?

Elite theories argue that a single minority dominates policies in all policy areas; pluralist theories argue that many minorities compete for power in different policy areas.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the arguments made in The Federalist 10 and Brutus 1?

Fed 10 says factions are more dangerous at the local level. Brutus 1 says small republics are best for stable governments

Which of the following public policy problems is most likely to result from the situtation shown in the chart?

Government employees may become responsible for larger bodies of regulation than they can effectively monitor.

Which of the following ideals of democracy is reflected in the procedure for apportionment in the House of Representatives?

Government is based on the consent of the governed

In 2015, the United States Supreme Court decided the case Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), which ruled that states must recognize same sex couples' right to marry. Which of the following ideals of democracy would the attorneys for the same sex couple most likely put forth as their argument?

Natural Rights of life and liberty include the right to marry whom you choose

Members of Congress receive many phone calls, meeting invitation, and e-mails from various competing interest groups asking for support on their preferred public policies. This situation best exemplifies which of the following models of democracy?

Pluralist

Which of the following is a model of democracy that emphasizes the role of interest groups in advocating for public policy?

Pluralist Democracy

Which of the following best captures the author's argument regarding the forms of democracy?

Pluralist democracy, though it involves groups at different stages of the process of developing policy, excludes a significant portion of the population.

The Declaration of Independence states "Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed." This was a revolutionary change from the system of British monarchy, which was based on the divine right of kings. For which of the ideals of democracy does this quote provide a foundation?

Popular Sovereignty

the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution has been interpreted by the Supreme Court to

Reserve the powers to the states

The author explains that the powers given to each branch "sometimes appear to swing like a pendulum" from one branch to another. Which of the following best describes how these shifts ensure that constitutional government is functional?

Separation of power divides responsibilities and authority between branches, which allows each branch to be checked by the other two branches to ensure accountability.

Which of the following best exemplifies Madison's argument in The Federalist 46?

States passing laws that allow increased legal use of marijuana even though federal law prohibits marijuana

Arizona enacted an immigration law in 2010, claiming the legislation complemented existing federal law. The Obama administration disagreed, claiming the state law conflicted with national law. Which clause of the Constitution did the Supreme Court most likely use to strike down a section of the state law?

Supremacy Clause

The clause in the US Constitution that states that federal law will prevail in the event of a conflict between federal and state law is known as the...

Supremacy Clause

Which of the following features of the United States Constitution would most concern the author of Brutus 1?

The Supremacy Clause, which gives the federal government supremacy over states

Which of the following best describes the influence of social contract theory on the Constitution of the United States?

The framers attempted to legitimize the Constitution through an appeal to popular sovereignty.