AP Gov Unit 3 FRQ Practice

Describe the difference between civil liberties and civil rights

Civil rights protect the rights of groups whereas civil liberties have to do with individual protections. For example, if someone is discriminated based off of their race or gender, it is a matter of civil rights violations. However, the right of someone to a fair and speedy trial is a civil liberty because it is not specific to a certain group.

Explain how civil liberties were incorporated by the Supreme Court in two of the following cases (Gideon v. Wainwright and Mapp v Ohio)

The case Gideon v Wainwright incorporated the civil liberties described in the 6th amendment regarding the right to a lawyer even if you can't afford one. Even though it was for a state crime, the court ruled that the 14th amendment made it so that this protection applied to states as well. The case Mapp v. Ohio incorporated the civil liberties guaranteed by the 4th amendment because it introduced the exclusionary rule. Even though Mapp had illegal forms of "obscenities" in her possession when police arrested her, the evidence was excluded from the trial because it was obtained without a warrant. The case Miranda v. Arizona

Describe a specific legislative action that extended civil rights to each of the following (Women and persons with disabilities)

The equal pay act extended civil rights to women in that it requires employers to pay men and women the same amount of money for doing the same amount of work. This was mainly put in place because businesses often saw women as a liability because they had to take maternity leave when they got pregnant and often paid them less because of this. The Americans with Disabilities Act extended civil rights to people with physical disabilities by making it illegal to discriminate people with disabilities in the workplace and require accommodations to be made in places such as forms of public transport and schools.

Identify the primary clause of the 14th amendment that is used to extend civil liberties.

The primary clause of the 14th amendment that is used to extend civil liberties is the due process clause.

Identify the primary clause of the fourteenth amendment that is used to extend civil rights.

The primary clause of the fourteenth amendment that is used to extend civil rights is the equal protection clause.