AP gov unit 3

Which of the following amendments to the Constitution granted voting rights to African American men?

15th amendment

In Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), the Court established an impoverished criminal defendant's right, under this Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, to counsel in state criminal trials

6th amendment

which of the following applications of affirmative action would the SCOTUS likely most likely consider unconstitutional?

A state university refuses acceptance of any new applicants from a specific race

In a landmark Supreme Court case, D.C. v. Heller (2008), the Supreme Court legally enshrined a different interpretation of the Second Amendment's right to bear arms than the Court had previously recognized. The Court held that there is an individual right to bear arms for the purpose of self-defense. Which of the following most accurately describes an ideological response to the Court's ruling.

Conservatives supported the ruling as an expansion of civil liberties.

The debate sparked by Tinker v. Des Moines has the most in common with which of the following Supreme Court cases?

Engel v. Vitale

"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." --Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 Which of the following was a consequence of this legislation?

Girls must be given equal opportunity as boys to participate in activities that boys participate in.

Which landmark SCOTUS case is most often linked with Roe v Wade to support a woman's right to privacy?

Griswold v Connecticut (1968)...where the Court ruled that a Connecticut law banning the sale of contraceptives violated the marital right to privacy

The Supreme Court's decision in Lawrence v. Texas (2003) primarily enhanced the civil liberties of

LGTBQ+ members

^The right to remain silent and to have a lawyer present during questioning are examples of:

Procedural due process

A suspect has just been arrested in a crowded store and answers a police officer's question and says where his gun is located. If this question and answer occurred before the officer read the suspect his Miranda rights, which of the following terms identifies why this confession could be used as evidence in trial?

Public safety exception

Suppose that lawmakers were considering passing legislation that would make it a crime to protest Covid restrictions. Which of the following landmark Supreme Court rulings could be used as precedent for allowing Congress to take this sort of action?

Schenck v. U.S. (1919)

The First Amendment does not protect which of the following types of speech?

Speech that disturbs the peace, in violation of reasonable local regulations

After hours of interrogation by police a suspect confesses to multiple felony offenses. His attorney objected to the admission because the suspect was not informed of his right to an attorney present during the interrogation or his protection from self incrimination. Which amendments are most relevant to this scenario?

The Fifth and Sixth Amendments

Which of the following best summarizes the decision of the Supreme Court in New York Times v. U.S. (1971)?

The First Amendment establishes a heavy presumption against prior restraint, therefore the New York Times was permitted to publish the Pentagon Papers.

Which statement best describes the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment?

The Fourteenth Amendment's due process clauses makes most civil liberties contained in the Bill of Rights applicable to the states.

Which of the following most accurately describes civil liberties?

The basic freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, either explicitly or through interpretation.

Which of the following most clearly states the outcome of Wisconsin v. Yoder?

The court ruled that requiring Amish families to abide by compulsory education laws requiring students to attend public school beyond 8th grade would violate their Free Exercise protections.

The clause of the U.S. Constitution that was used in the holding in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas

The equal protection clause

A school district allowed a school to take a vote on if they wanted a student led prayer at football games. The policy was later found to violate the constitution. Which clause is it most likely to violate?

The establishment clause

Which of the following Supreme Court decisions allows public school students to wear T-Shirts protesting a school board decision that eliminates funding for high school arts programs?

Tinker v Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)

In which of the following situations would the Supreme Court be most likely to utilize the doctrine of selective incorporation?

When an individual claims that a right protected by the Bill of Rights is infringed upon by a state

The Civil Rights Act of 1964...

banned discrimination based on protected class status in public accommodations.

Which of the following correctly identifies a case that involved First Amendment rights and a case that involved the rights of the accused?

citizens United v Federal election commission

"One who breaks an unjust law must do so openly, lovingly, and with a willingness to accept the penalty. I submit that an individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscious of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the highest respect for the law." - Martin Luther King Jr., "Letter from Birmingham Jail" The quote from King advocates for which of the following tactics?

civil disobedience

Name the term: the separation of individuals based on characteristics that arises not by law but by other factors, such as residential housing patterns.

de facto segregation

In Plessy v Ferguson, the main argument of the dissenting opinion rested upon which of the following ideas in the Constitution?

equal protection clause

In this Federalist paper, Alexander Hamilton argued that the Supreme Court had little power acting on its own "and must ultimately depend upon the aid of the executive arm even for the efficacy of its judgements." This was demonstrated after the ruling of Brown v. Board.

fed 78

This case sought to clarify obscenity and pornography restrictions. First, the material must be "patently offensive" and second, it must also be "utterly without redeeming social value."

miller v california

Based on your understanding of the 8th Amendment, which of the following best describes what the Court says about the Eighth Amendment in the excerpt from Trop v Dulles?

the definition of "cruel and unusual punishments" referred to in the 8th Amendment is dependent on societal norms and evolves over time

"But even if we pass this bill the battle will not be over. What happened in Selma is part of a far larger movement which reaches into every section and state of America. It is the effort ofAmerican Negroes to secure for themselves the full blessings of American life. Their cause must be our cause too. Because it's not just Negroes, but really it's all of us, who must overcome the crippling legacy of bigotry and injustice......And we shall overcome." - President Lyndon B. Johnson - March 15, 1965 Which of the following pieces of civil rights legislation would result from President Johnson's speech and the Selma march?

voting rights act