AP Gov Unit 5

Which of the following makes a correct comparison between political parties and interest groups in the United States?

A

Which of the following statements accurately describes Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission? A. The First Amendment allows corporations and unions to make independent expenditures regarding candidates for office B. The Fourth Amendment protects political action committees from excessive searches by protecting their identities during election campaigns. C. The First Amendment allows candidates to spend as much as they want on their own campaigns. D. The Fourth Amendment grants professional consultants and other campaign staff immunity from disclosing donor information.

A

which of the following is true of amicus curiae briefs A. They are used by interest groups to lobby courts. B. They are used exclusively by liberal interest groups. C. They are used exclusively by conservative interest groups. D. They are now unconstitutional. E. They are the means by which a litigant seeks Supreme Court review of a lower court decision.

A

The data in the table provide clear evidence that A. Republicans were increasingly likely to defect from their party's candidate B. the vote in the Midwest predicted the outcome rather consistently C. the East has become e Republican stronghold D. voters under the age of 30 were more likely than older voters to support the Democratic candidate E. nonwhite voters showed no preference for one party over another

B

The free rider problem occurs when A. interest groups seek public funding to advance their special interests B. people benefit from an interest group's efforts without making any contribution C. elected officials provide government services for those who have helped their campaigns D. political campaigns manipulate the news media in order to obtain free advertising E. congressional candidates win elections because they belong to the party of a popular president

B

Typically, presidential candidates implement their campaign strategies by A. applying their resources evenly among the states, because they must win popular votes in a majority of the states to be elected B. focusing on larger, competitive states, because they might tip the balance of the electoral college C. focusing on small states, because these states have proportionally more electoral votes than more populous states have D. ignoring the electoral college, because the popular vote determines the outcome of the election E. ignoring the electoral college, because more states are moving away from the winner-take-all system

B

Which of the following would result from the direct, popular eiection of presidential cendidates? A. A national primary would be established. B. Party hominating conventions wouid. he abolicied. C. Each vote would count equally in determining which candidate won tie election D. The electoral college would become more influentratin the electoral process. E. Third-party candidates would have less chance of winning the election.

C

which of the following describes the twenty fourth amendment A. it desegregated places of public accommodation B. it required elections for the United States Senate C. it reduced barriers to political participation on the basis of gender D. it eliminated poll taxes

D. it eliminated poll taxes

the agenda setting function of the media refers to the power to A. endorse specific candidates for political office B. favor the position of one interest group over another C. counter the censorship activities of media watch groups D. mobilize economic interests in favor of a particular candidate E. decide which issues are important enough to bring to public attention

E

A person votes for Democratic candidates based on the belief that the policies of the Democratic Party will be personally beneficial. This type of voting matches which of the following voting behavior models? A. Prospective voting B. Retrospective voting C. Split-ticket voting D. Sociological voting

A

The advantages of incumbency in congressional elections include which of the following? A. I and II only B. III and IV only C. I IV and V only D. II III and V only E. III IV and V only

A

The main intent of "motor voter" laws (letting people register to vote when they get their driver's license) is to. A. increase voter registration B. increase voter turnout by providing transportation to polls for people without cars C. increase the rate at which incumbents are reelected to office D. prevent states from using literacy requirements for voting E. allow sixteen year olds to vote if they have a valid driver's license

A

Which of the following is most frequently reported in the media during a presidential election? A. Results from public opinion polls that indicate which candidates are most likely to win B. The official platforms of each of the major political parties C. Financial strategies and management of the campaigns D. Comparisons of candidates' positions on foreign and domestic policy issues E. Information about the candidates' experience in government and record in office

A

Which of the following statements about voting patterns is best supported by the table? A. Women were more likely than men to vote Democratic. B. People who were young, White, and from the South were most likely to be Perot supporters. C. Voters with low educational attainment were more likely to vote Republican than Democratic. D. Voters in the South were more likely to vote Democratic than those in other regions. E. Nonwhite voters were less likely to support Republican presidential candidates in 1992 than they were in 1980.

A

Which of the following best explains how political parties are likely to respond to the data in the chart? A. Political parties are likely to continue to stand by their traditional positions and not bother to appeal to groups that have not previously been included in their base. B. Political parties will adapt their positions and find ways to appeal to voters from growing demographic groups. C. Political parties will adapt by switching from candidate-centered campaigns to campaigns that strategically mobilize voters across the country with a consistent message. D. Political parties will advocate for proportional representational systems so that groups with larger populations are able to win seats and be represented more fairly in government.

B

Which of the following describes a fundamental difference between political parties and interest groups? A. Political parties are prohibited from sponsoring campaign advertisements, and interest groups are not. B. Political parties represent broad arrays of issues, whereas interest groups are more likely to focus on narrow sets of issues. C. Political parties are more likely to focus on national politics, whereas interest groups focus on local politics. D. Political parties tend to have strength in particular regions, whereas the power of interest groups is more consistent across states. E. Political parties are required to disclose their campaign finance activities, whereas interest groups are not.

B

While the central goal of political parties is to win elections, parties can also support democracy. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates this relationship? A. A polítical party changes its stance on environmental policy after its candidates receive large contributions from an energy company. B. Political parties use the social media site Instagram to reach out to younger voters to inform them about upcoming elections and encourage them to register to vote. C. The House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure uses research given to it from the American Society of Civil Engineers when amending an infrastructure bill. D. A former member of Congress takes a job as a political consultant to advise current members on their campaigns and raise money for elections.

B

A primary election which requires voters to register with a certain party before the election and are not allowed to split their ticket is called A. an open primary B. a blanket primary C. a closed primary D. a runoff primary E. a presidential preference primary

C

Explanations for low voter turnout include all of the following EXCEPT A. registration requirements B. weak party affiliation C. laws protecting voting rights for minorities D. weekday elections E. frequency of elections at the state and local level

C

In 1987 the cooperation among the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the National Organization for Women (NOW), and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) to defeat Robert Bork's nomination to the United States Supreme Court was an example of A. impeachment B. litigation C. Interest group pressure D. the recall process E. the initiative process

C

Interest groups and political parties both promote United States democracy by A. expressing detailed, ideologically distinct programs B. centralizing public authority C. linking citizens to the political process D. increasing domination of the political process by elites E. lobbying members of Congress

C

Political action committees (PACs) main purpose is to... A. provide expertise to members of Congress when they are writing legislation B. lobby the executive bureaucracy when they are considering new rules and regulations C. raise and spend money on election campaigns D. generate research that can be used to influence public opinion E. hire policy experts who will promote their views in the media

C

The media's effect on public opinion can best be described as A. influencing older citizens' opinions of incumbents B. affecting the public's views on domestic polloy only C. influencing which issues the public sees as important D. changing well-educated people's views on foreign policy E. influencing the public's views on controversial issues only

C

Which of the following best describes César Chávez' view on the use of violence versus nonviolence? A. The use of violence should be the primary tactic as it will address the feelings of frustration and anger throughout the movement. B. The use of violence will motivate the American people as people everywhere still yearn for justice. C. The use of nonviolent actions, such as demonstrations and marches, does not bring honor to the cause and will negatively impact the movement. D. The use of nonviolent actions allows more people to be involved in the movement and effect change.

C

Which of the following is the best explanation for the trend in voting behavior after the 2000 election? A. Many states lowered their voting age after 2000, which led to an increase in Democratic Party voters. B. Most younger voters who were Democrats in the 1980s became more conservative as they grew older and ended up supporting Republicans after 2000. C. The events that shaped the generation turning 18 after the year 2000 tended to create more liberal-minded voters who supported Democrats. D. Most younger voters after 2000 adopted political positions that were opposed to their parents' point of view.

C

Which of the following is true based on the information graphic? A. All citizens over 18 years old are eligible to vote regardless of where they live, but only about 56% actually do vote. B. Voters from 18 and 54 are far more likely to vote than voters over 54, but this can depend on which state they live in. C. Over 75% of the population is eligible to vote, but only about half the electorate actually voted in the 2016 presidential election. D. Voters ages 18-35 are less likely to vote because some states restrict voting only to citizens over the age of 21.

C

Which of the following scenarios best represents an example of party-line voting? A. A citizen always votes for the candidate who supports conservation of the environment. B. A homeowner votes for a candidate based on the candidate's promise to lower property taxes. C. A citizen casts votes for all Republicans based solely on the candidates' affiliation with the Republican Party. D. A citizen votes for the incumbent member of the House of Representatives after receiving help processing his disability claim.

C

If a researcher were interested in understanding how much the NRA spent in each state, what visual could be created to accurately display this information in the bar graph? A. A table that gives details about the home states of candidates receiving money from the NRA in 1994 B. An infographic that explains how the NRA has helped Republicans win elections in the South C. A pie chart that shows the amount of money the NRA spent in each sate since 1992 D. A map showing the dollar amounts spent by the NRA in each state since 1992

D

Which of the following statements can best be supported by the survey data displayed in the bar graphs? A. Democrats with a high level of political efficacy are the most likely group to trust government most of the time. B. Democrats with a high level of political efficacy are the most likely group to be angry with government. C. Republicans with a low level of political efficacy are the most likely group to say thet government often does a better job than given credit for. D. Republicans with a low level of political efficacy are the most likely group to say that government needs major reforms.

D

How is a president chosen when none of the candidates receives a majority of the electoral college vote? A. There is a national runoff election between the two candidates with the greatest number of electoral votes. B. The United States Supreme Court directly elects the president. C. The election is ruled null and void and Congress appoints a new president. D. The Senate chooses a new president by a majority vote of its entire membership. E. The House chooses a new president by a majority vote of its state delegations.

E

The chart above supports which of the following conclusioris? A. A majority of the men polled identified with the Republican party. B. More men than women voted for Ronald Reagan in 1984. C. The younger a man was, the more likely he was to identify himself as a Democrat. D. A Female vice-presidential candidacy in 1984 caused many formerly Republican women to identify with Democrats. E. The gender gap among those who identified with the Republican party was narrowest for those between 25 and 34 years of age.

E

The most common form of political activity undertaken by United States citizens IS... A. lobbying to influence decisions by public officials B. campaigning for candidates for office C. contributing money to a political party D. running as a candidate in local elections E. voting in political elections

E

Which of the following form an "iron triangle"? A. President, Congress, Supreme Court B. President, House majority leader, Senate majority leader C. Interest group, Senate majority leader, House majority leader D. Executive department, House majority leader, President E. Executive department, Congressional committee, interest group

E

Which of the following is NOT a way in which the federal government regulates campaigns? A. By requirements for disclosure of campaign donations B. By establishment of federal agencies to regulate campaign finance activities C. Prohibiting the use of soft money D. By limits on individual donations to campaigns E. By prohibitions on negative advertising

E