AP HuG Unit 5 Retest

In reading the landscape of the image, a geographer will most likely describe the land-survey pattern shown as typical of which of the following locations? A A rural agricultural region in the United States B An exurb of Paris, France C A coastal region of China D An agricultural region of eastern Canada E A rainforest development in southern Brazil

A A rural agricultural region in the United States

Which of the following developments is predicted by the von Thünen model of land use around cities? A Large-scale growing of flowers and vegetables in the Netherlands B Large-scale rubber plantations in Malaysia C Large-scale commercial fishing in Japan D Extensive cattle raising in northern France E Very large dairy farms in Utah and southern Idaho

A Large-scale growing of flowers and vegetables in the Netherlands

Which of the following terms identifies the type of land survey system shown in the satellite image? A Multiple nuclei B Suburban subdivision C Long lots D Metes and bounds E Township and range

A Multiple nuclei B Suburban subdivision C Long lots D Metes and bounds E Township and range

Green Revolution technology has resulted in which of the following in modern agriculture? The development of high-yield grains and the expansion of cultivated areas B The construction of new irrigation systems and a reduction in the use of fertilizers C An increase in the circulation of investment capital to help the poorest farmers D The loss of prime agricultural land and smaller yields from grain crops E The end of famine in the world

A The development of high-yield grains and the expansion of cultivated areas

The industrialization and mechanization of agriculture in the United States during the past 70 years have resulted in A a decrease in the number of farms and an increase in the size of farms B an increase in the number of farms and a decrease in the size of farm fields C an increase in the diversity of crops and animals grown on individual farms D an increase in the economic viability of small towns in the agricultural regions E a decrease in the tonnage of pesticides and herbicides used on cropland

A a decrease in the number of farms and an increase in the size of farms

In 2017 the Ivory Coast exported $5.6 billion worth of cocoa beans and cocoa-derived products, such as cocoa butter. This represented 55 percent of the country's exports and was worth four times the country's combined gold and oil exports in that year. Which of the following best explains the international trade economy of the Ivory Coast? A High level of dependency on a single agricultural commodity that increases national economic development and increases foreign direct investment B High level of dependency on a single agricultural commodity that increases national economic risks during times of global economic crisis C Low level of dependency on primary-sector production and resource processing that will increase the country's level of development D Low level of dependency on a single agricultural commodity that decreases national economic risks during times of global economic crisis E Low level of dependency on a single agricultural commodity that increases national economic development and increases foreign direct investment

B High level of dependency on a single agricultural commodity that increases national economic risks during times of global economic crisis

According to Carl Sauer, which of the following is true about plant domestication? A It originated in marginal areas with limited food resources. B It first occurred in diversified habitats with a variety of species. C It was developed by farmers who were starving and desperate for food. D It owes its origins to the domestication of animals. E It was at first dependent on irrigation.

B It first occurred in diversified habitats with a variety of species.

Which of the following best describes the roles of women in the rural, agricultural economies of sub-Saharan Africa? A Salaried workers in large-scale commercial agriculture B Nonwage workers on small, family-run farms C Hourly workers in seasonal migratory farm work D Landowners of export-oriented farms E Drivers and operators of agricultural equipment

B Nonwage workers on small, family-run farms

Which of the following best explains how the expansion of feedlots for raising cattle has affected environmental sustainability in rural areas? A Concentrating large numbers of farm animals in small spaces has decreased the release of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. B Runoff from animal waste has increased the pollution in local water supplies. C Feed grains have eliminated potentially harmful invasive plant species from farmland. D Land development has increased the available water supply for other farming practices. E Composted manure has introduced valuable nutrients into previously depleted soils.

B Runoff from animal waste has increased the pollution in local water supplies.

Which of the following explains the diffusion and successful cultivation of many plants and animals in new regions of the world through the Columbian Exchange? A The plants and animals diffused only a short distance away from their point of domestication. B The plants and animals diffused to a region with climate and geography similar to that of their point of domestication. C Navigational technology allowed ships to travel more efficiently, enabling safe transport of plants and animals to new destinations. D Diffusion of plants and animals filled the loss in many areas from a number of plant and animal extinctions. E The plants and animals diffused to regions with variation in the climates between the hearth and the new region. Answer B Correct. Similar climates and geography allow for the successful adaptation of plants and animals to new regions far from their hearths.

B The plants and animals diffused to a region with climate and geography similar to that of their point of domestication.

The clearing of tropical rain forest for agriculture frequently results in long-term productive farmland B a shift to animal raising C an increase in the size of the ozone hole D better-managed commercial forests E large-scale immigration

B a shift to animal raising

Agriculture practiced in California differs from forms practiced in other Mediterranean agricultural regions because in California A grapes are grown for wine production B farms use more irrigation C farms are smaller D farms rely on local labor E wheat is grown in the winter as a cover crop

B farms use more irrigation

Which of the following explains the role of commodity chains in the average size of farms? A The spatial organization of agriculture has changed because of an increase in the number of farms as farmers join local commodity chains that regulate supply and demand for agricultural products and large profits can be realized. B The spatial organization of agriculture has remained stable, but farm productivity has increased through technological innovations that are available to farmers through membership in local commodity chains. C Commodity chains have led to changes in the spatial organization of agriculture from dispersed family farms to large corporate farms that produce, process, and distribute the products. D Farms are increasing in size, but there is little change in the spatial organization of agriculture because of the instability of regional cooperatives and associated commodity chains that cannot meet the demand for new products desired by consumers. E Commodity chains have had no effect on the spatial organization of agriculture because they operate only in areas of grain farming; dairy and meat products spoil rapidly and markets are too far away for safe and rapid transportation of those products.

C Commodity chains have led to changes in the spatial organization of agriculture from dispersed family farms to large corporate farms that produce, process, and distribute the products.

Based on the different types of land use shown in the image, which of the following best explains why soil salinization is a concern in the arid landscape shown? A Forests are being cleared as land is repurposed for agricultural uses, which reduces biodiversity in the region. B Land is being farmed so intensively that soil nutrients are degraded to the point that crops will not grow. C Irrigation increases the salt content of the soil, which disrupts the growth of crops and degrades soil fertility. D Fields are left fallow after being farmed intensively so that nutrients in the soil may be replenished. E Multiple crops are being planted in the same field, which increases the chances of pest damage.

C Irrigation increases the salt content of the soil, which disrupts the growth of crops and degrades soil fertility.

With the exception of Hawaii, the map shows the pattern of production for coffee beans by country. Which of the following best describes the pattern of coffee bean production at the global scale? A A core and periphery B A hierarchical diffusion C Within tropical latitudes D Inside arid climate regions E In more developed countries

C Within tropical latitudes

Genetic engineering of agricultural crops has primarily increased the productivity of modern farming by A converting annual plants to perennials, which do not require replanting B increasing the size of fruits and grains C increasing plants' drought resistance and resistance to pests D cutting the cost of bulk seeds during planting seasons E changing vegetable and fruit colors to suit consumer demands

C increasing plants' drought resistance and resistance to pests

Subsistence agriculture is always characterized by A double-cropping of specific grains B extensive use of the land C production only for family consumption D production only for trade E irrigation and inorganic fertilization

C production only for family consumption

Which of the following agricultural inputs were the most recent technological innovations employed in less developed countries during the Green Revolution? A Metal plows and harvesting equipment B Irrigated farm fields C Seed hybrids and animal breeds D Chemical fertilizers and pesticides E Terracing in highland terrain

D Chemical fertilizers and pesticides

The images shown illustrate a change that took place as the Second Agricultural Revolution coincided with the Industrial Revolution. Which of the following compares this geographic relationship between these revolutions? A An increase in chemical farming practices let to more food being produced by farmers and then processed in factories B The domestication of plants and animals allowed for factory farming practices where workers made the first canned foods C An increase in the rural farming workforce lead to higher farm productivity, which resulted in more food for urban industrial workers D The mechanization of farm work allowed many young people to migrate and join a growing urban industrial workforce E The creation of sedentary societies, where farm work was done completely by machine, resulted in permanent settlements in town and cities

D The mechanization of farm work allowed many young people to migrate and join a growing urban industrial workforce

Which of the following best explains why the New England region, located in the northeastern United States, would specialize in market gardening agriculture rather than other types of agriculture, such as grain farming? A Wheat farming would require more machinery, which conflicts with the environmental standards of many states in New England. B Market gardening products can be easily transported to the primary market of California without spoiling. C Farmers can specialize in market gardening products because of the rocky soil found in many New England states. D Market gardening zones allow farmers the flexibility to grow market gardening crops along with other grain crops. E Several large cities on the East Coast provide a growing market and shorter distances for transporting market gardening products.

E Several large cities on the East Coast provide a growing market and shorter distances for transporting market gardening products.

In the South Asian country of Sri Lanka, tea is farmed as a monoculture. Which of the following best explains why tea plantations are common in Sri Lanka and tea exports are important to the country's economy? A Sri Lanka's unique climate and terrain make it one of the only countries where tea plants thrive. B Tea plantations are a traditional form of subsistence agriculture practiced by Sri Lanka's indigenous groups. C Sri Lankans drink more tea per capita than any other nationality. D The early hearth of tea plant domestication is located in Sri Lanka. E Tea plantations were established in Sri Lanka by a former European colonial power.

E Tea plantations were established in Sri Lanka by a former European colonial power.

Based on von Thünen's model of rural land use in an isolated state, which statement explains the most suitable place for a farmer to purchase a large parcel of land necessary for raising livestock? A The ring closest to the market, because livestock are perishable goods and need to reach the market quickly. B The ring closest to the market, because the land is more fertile for growing feed for livestock compared to other areas. C The second ring, because livestock are heavy and more expensive to transport to market. D The third ring, because the livestock would be closer to the suburban market areas with moderate transportation costs. E The ring farthest from the market, because the land is less expensive and outweighs transportation costs to get the livestock to market.

E The ring farthest from the market, because the land is less expensive and outweighs transportation costs to get the livestock to market.

Dramatic increases in global grain production since 1950 have been made possible by A substantial increases in the amount of land under cultivation B global warming C an increase in the urban workforce D an increase in the agricultural workforce E an increase in the use of energy and technology

E an increase in the use of energy and technology