AP Physics I Final (All)

Consider the above configuration of masses attached via a massless rope and pulley over a frictionless inclined plane. What is the acceleration of the masses?

(m1-m2 sintheta) g / (m1+m2)

A satellite weighs 10^4 N at ground control. What best approximates the acceleration it experiences in orbit at an altitude of twice the earth's radius?

1.1 m/s²

An elevator has a mass of 500 kg. It may safely carry an additional mass of 1000 kg and accelerate upward at 2 m/s^2. What is the tension in the cable under these maximum conditions?

18,000 N

A rope stretched between two fixed points can support transverse standing waves. What is the ratio of the sixth harmonic frequency to the third harmonic frequency?

2

A rectangular book weighing 20 N with sides of 10 cm and 20 cm is placed on the horizontal table. Using each of your hands, you exert forces of 10 N each in opposite directions at opposite corners such that you are pushing parallel to the shorter side in each case. What net torque are you providing the book?

2 N m

Two traveling waves of equal frequency, one of the amplitude 4 cm and the other of the amplitude 6 cm, superimpose in a single medium. Which of the following best describes the displacement, D, of the resultant wave?

2 cm < D < 10 cm

An object is thrown horizontally off a high cliff at 7.5 m/s (assume altitude near sea level and neglect air resistance). What is its displacement after 2 seconds?

25 m

An object of 100 kg rests on a horizontal floorZ the coefficient of static friction is 0.4 between the object and the floor. If a constant force of 250 N is pushed horizontally on the object what is the magnitude of the force of static friction?

250 N

If each of the resistors in the circuit has a resistance of 3 ohms, what must be the emf of the battery if the circuit draws a total current of 3A?

30 V

At a distance of 20 m from a source of sound, the sound level is 40 dB. If the observer backs up to a distance of 40 m from the source, what will the sound level be? (Assume no absorption nor reflection of sound).

34 dB

A person is pulling a block of mass m with a force equal to its weight directed 30 degrees above the horizontal plane across a rough surface, generating a friction f on the block. If the person is now pushing downward on the block with the same force 30 degrees above the horizontal plane across the same rough surface, what is the friction on the block?

3f

An object is thrown with an initial speed of 7 m/s directed 45 degrees above the horizontal from a cliff. After reaching the peak of its trajectory, it falls 20 m to the ground below. What is the approximate ratio of the time it takes to hit the ground from the peak of the trajectory to the time it takes from its release to the peak of the trajectory?

4

A sphere starts from rest atop a hill with a constant angle of inclination and is allowed to roll without slipping down the hill. What force provides the torque that causes the sphere to rotate?

static friction

In the diagram above, a mass m starting at point A is projected along each of the three tracks shown here sufficient in each case to allow them ads to reach the end of the track at point B. If t1 t2 and t3 Are the total travel times between A and B for paths 1,2 and 3 respectively, what is the relation among these times?

t3 < t2 < t1

Two objects, A and B, have equal charge and equal mass. Neither body is in motion because the gravitational and electrostatic forces between them are equal. If the mass of Object A is halved, equilibrium will be maintained if

the charge on Object B were halved

If the objects initial velocity is 2 m/s what will be the object's velocity after this force acts upon the object?

9 m/s

A box of mass m is sitting of an incline of 45 degrees and it requires an applied force F up the incline to get the box to begin to move. What is the maximum coefficient of static friction?

((sqrt(2)/F) / mg) - 1

If the rod in the figure above is uniform and has mass m, what is the tension in the supporting string? The rod is free to rotate about point P.

(1/2) mg

The gravitational force the sun exerts on the earth is F. Mars is 1.5 times from the Sun than the earth and its mass 1/6. Of the earths mass. What is the gravitational force that the sun exerts on Mars?

(2/27) F

In the figure above, are two blocks of mass 3m and 2m attached together. The plane is frictionless and the pulley is frictionless and massless. The inclined portion of the plane creates an angle theta with the horizontal floor. What is the acceleration of the block 2m if both blocks are released from rest (gravity=g)?

(2/5) g sintheta

A projectile is launched with an initial velocity of magnitude a at an angle B to the horizontal. Find its maximum vertical displacement, ignoring effects due to the air.

(a²sin²B) / (2g)

A bubble in a glass of water releases from rest at the bottom of the glass and rises at acceleration a to the surface in t seconds. How much further does the bubble travel in the last second than in its first second?

(t-1)a

(diagram questions 39-41) Determine the total power dissipated through the circuit shown above in terms of V, r1 r2 and r3

(v² (r1+r2+r3)) / r1(r2+r3)

In the graph above the instantaneous velocity at 9 seconds is closest to

-11/4 m/s

A stopper of mass M is tied to a string of length R and swings around horizontally in uniform circular motion with a velocity of v when acted on by a force of F. What is the power developed by the force?

0

A spring stretches 4.0 cm when a 0.2 kg mass is hung from it. The mass is lifted up four cm and dropped. What is the net work done as the mass falls from 0 to 8 cm?

0 J

An object of mass 3 kg is undergoing uniform circular motion. The objects speed is 4 m/s and the radius of the path is 0.5m. How much work is done on this object by the centripetal force?

0 J

If the coefficient of friction between the block and the incline is 0.4, how much work is done by the normal force on the block as it slides down the full length of the incline?

0 J

An object begins at rest at the top of an inclined frictionless plane with a height of 125 m and horizontal length of 200 m. What will be the speed of the object at the end of the inclined plane?

0 m/s

A simple harmonic oscillator has a frequency of 2.5 Hz and an amplitude of 0.05 m. What is the period of the oscillations?

0.4 s

How much current does a 60 W lightbulb draw if it operates at a voltage of 120 V?

0.5 A

In the figure above, the coefficient of sliding friction between the small block in the tabletop is 0.2. If the pulley is frictionless and massless, what will be the acceleration of the blocks once they are released from rest?

0.7g

What is the object's acceleration during the interval t = 0 s to t = 3 s?

1 m/s²

A small cart of mass M is initially at rest. It collides elastically with a large cart of mass 4M and velocity v. The large cart loses half its kinetic energy to the little cart. The little cart now has a velocity of

1.41v

Two objects are sitting on a uniform stick that pivots around its center. Object 1 has a mass of 20 kg and object 2 has a mass of 30 kg. if the object 2 sits 1m to the left of the center of the stick, how far to the right must object 1 sit in order to balance the stick?

1.5 m

A 50 kg block resting on flat ground is attached by a hook at the center of its top face to a rope, which is then pulled by a man such that it makes an angle of 30 degrees with the horizontal. If the man pulls with a force of 200N and the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the ground is 0.2, what horizontal acceleration does the block undergo?

1.8 m/s²

Two equally positive charges are R distance apart. If the amount of charge on one is doubled and the distance between the charges is doubled, what is the ratio of new electric force to old electric force?

1/2

For the circuit shown above, what is the voltage of the battery (assuming the battery has no internal resistance)?

10 V

A 1000 kg object is hung on a string in between two identical towers that are 340m apart. The object sits 100 m below the height of the towers. What is the tension in the string?

10 kN

If the surface of the incline is frictionless, with what speed will the block reach the bottom if it was released from rest at the top? (30° angle, 5m tall)

10 m/s

An object of mass 5 kg is acted upon by exactly four forces, each of magnitude 10 N. Which of the following could NOT be the resulting acceleration of the object?

10 m/s²

What is the distance an object covers during the interval t = 0s to t = 5s?

16.5 m

A rope of length 60 cm is tied to the handle of a bucket (whose mass is 3 kg), and the bucket is then whirled in a vertical circle. At the bottom of its path, the tension in the rope is 50 N. What is the speed of the bucket at this point?

2 m/s

A spring stretches 4.0 cm when a 0.2 kg mass is hung from it. The mass is lifted up four cm and dropped. What is the maximum velocity of the mass?

2 m/s

If the surface of the incline is frictionless, how long will the block take to reach the bottom if it was released from rest at the top? (30° angle, 5m tall)

2.0 s

Wheatstone bridge (diagram above) is a configuration of resistors and a sensitive current meter called a galvanometer that is used to determine the resistance of an unknown resistor. In the Wheatstone building shown here, find the value of Rx such that the current through galvanometer G is 0.

2.5

An object of mass m (object 1) moving with speed v collides heads on with a target object of mass 2m (object 2) initially at rest. If the collision is perfectly inelastic what fraction of object 1's initial KE is lost?

2/3

A 100 kg object is attached to a spring mounted to the ceiling with a spring coefficient of k =100. If the string is stretched by 30m from the initial testing position with the block attached, what is its acceleration at that point?

20 m/s²

A crane lifts a shipping crate that weighs 5000 N at a constant speed of 4 m/s. At what rate is this crane doing work on the crate?

20,000 W

An astronaut lands on the planet whose mass and radius are each twice that of Earth. If the astronaut weighs 800 N on Earth, how much will he weigh on this planet?

400 N

An object has a kinetic energy of K. If the speed of the object were doubled what would be the resulting kinetic energy?

4K

Object 1 of mass 0.25 kg moves at 10 m/s towards object 2 initially at rest of mass 0.25 kg. the resulting collision is perfectly inelastic what is the speed of the objects after the collision?

5 m/s

Spring of force constant 800 N/m is hung from a ceiling. A block of mass 4.0 kg is hung from its lower end and allowed to come to rest. How far will the block stretch the spring?

5.0 cm

A tube with one end closed and one end open resonates for a wave with a wavelength lambda(a), as shown. The next shorter wavelength at which resonance will occur is lambda(b). The ratio of these two wavelengths lambda(a)/lambda(b) is

5/3

(diagram questions 39-41) If v = 100v, R1 = 50 ohms, R2 = 80 ohms and R3 = 120 ohms. Determine the voltage across R3.

60 V

The sun is approx 150 million km from the earth. A year- one revolution- is roughly pi x 10^7 seconds. Assuming a circular orbit, what best approximates the average acceleration of the earth due to the sun?

6x10^-3 m/s²

What is the magnitude of the impulse on the force?

7 N s

An electric dipole consists of a pair of equal but opposite charges of magnitude 4.0 nC separated by a distance of 2.0 cm. What is the electric field strength at the point midway between the charges?

7.2 x 10⁵ N/C

A pair of protective headphones reduces the sound of a jet engine from 140 dB to 110 dB. What percent of the noise is being blocked?

99.9%

Which of the following concerning uniform circular motion is true?

A satellite undergoing uniform circular motion is falling toward the center in a circular path

The figure above shows a plane diagram. The figure shows four charges arranged at the corners of a square with point B as its center. A positive charge would experience no net force if it were placed at which of the three points shown in the figure?

B only

In which of the following situations involving a source of sound and a detector of the sound is it possible that there is NO perceived Doppler shift?

Both the source and detector travel in the same direction.

A moon has an elliptical orbit as shown above. At point A the moon has speed vA and is at a distance rA from the planet. At point B, the moon has a speed of vB. Which of the following correctly explains the method for determining the distance of the moon from the planet at point B in the given quantities?

Conservation of angular momentum, because the gravitational force exerted by the moon on the planet is the same as that exerted by the planet on the moon.

(diagram questions 39-41) If R1 were to burn out, the current coming out from the battery would

Decrease

Which of the following changes to a circuit will always bring about an increase in the current?

Increased voltage and decreased resistance

If L, M, and T denote the dimensions of length, mass, and time, what are the dimensions of power?

M²L / T³

Which of the following relates Pb, the rate at which energy is dissipated by resistor b, and Pe, the rate at which energy is dissipated by resistor e?

Pe=9Pb

Wire Y is made of the same material but has twice the diameter and half the length of the Wire X. If Wire X has a resistance of R then Wire Y would have a resistance of

R/8

Wire 1 has 3 times the length and twice the diameter of wire 2. If both wires are made of the same material and if R1 is the resistance of wire #1 and r2 is the resistance of wire #2 then which of the following is true?

R2 = 4/3 R1

A 4 kg wooden block resting on an icy surface is attached to a horizontal spring (L=1m, k = 100) high is attached on the other end to a vertical wall. A 2f bullet is fired at a speed of 100 m/s into the wooden block pushing it directly toward the wall. Which of the following best approximates the period and amplitude?

T = 1.2 s and A = 1 cm

Two objects a sphere and a block of the same mass are released from rest at the top of an inclined plane. The sphere rolls down the inclined plane without slipping. the block slides down the plane without friction. Which object reaches the bottom of the ramp first?

The block because it doesn't gain rotational kinetic energy, but the sphere does

Two people, one of mass 100 kg and the other of mass 50 kg, stand facing each other on an ice-covered (essentially frictionless) pond. If the heavier person pushes on the lighter one with the force F, then

The magnitude of the acceleration of the lighter person will be twice the magnitude of the acceleration of the heavier person

The diagram above shows a top view of an object of mass M on a circular platform of mass 2M that is rotating counterclockwise. Assume the platform rotates without friction. Which of the following best describes an action by the object that will increase the angular speed of the entire system?

The object moves toward the center of the platform, decreasing the rotational inertia of the system.

The electric field strength in a vacuum at a point at a distance from a source charge is NOT dependent on which of the following? Select two answers.

another charge placed at that point the sign of the source charge

An alarm whose frequency is 400 Hz is dropped out of a third-floor window. The student who drops it measure the frequency with a very sensitive oscilloscope. The measured frequency

appears lower than 400 Hz and the frequency decreases as it falls

Two charges are placed as shown at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. What is the direction of the electric field at point P?

d

The figure above shows two positively charged particles. The +Q charge is fixed in position, and the -q charge is brought close to +Q and released from rest. Which of the following graphs best depicts the acceleration of the -q charge as a function of its distance r from +Q?

exponential decrease

A person standing on a horizontal floor is acted upon by two forces: the downward pull of gravity and the upward normal force of the floor. These two forces

have equal magnitudes and do not form an action-reaction pair

Sound waves travel at 350 m/s through warm air and at 3500 m/s through brass. What happens to the wavelength of a 700 Hz acoustic wave as it enters brass from warm air?

it increases by a factor of 10

What happens to the force of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers is doubled?

it remains the same

In the figure above, 4 charges are arranged. If the magnitudes of all the charges q are the same and he distance r is shown above, what is the magnitude of the net force on the bottom right charge in terms of q, r, and k (where k=1/4(pi)(e0))?

k(q²/2r²)(1+2root2)

You are standing on a railroad track as a train approaches at a constant velocity. Suddenly the engineer sees you applies the brakes and sounds the whistle. Which of the following describes the sound of the whistle as you hear it starting from that moment?

loudness increasing, pitch decreasing

A mass on a spring and a simple pendulum undergo simple harmonic motion. There is no friction present for the mass on the spring. Which of the following statements are true? Select two answers.

mechanical energy is constant the period of the mass is constant

If a charge of +q is placed at point P, the electric field at point P would

remain the same

A 2 kg is attached to a massless 0.5 m string and is used as a simple pendulum by extending it to an angle theta = 5 degrees and allowing it to oscillate. Which of the following changes will change the period of the pendulum? Two answers.

replacing the string with a 0.25 m string moving the pendulum to the surface of the moon

Which of the following statements will increase the resistance of a closed circuit system? Two answers.

replacing the wire with one that has a smaller cross sectional area adding a voltmeter to the wire

If the acceleration of an object is not zero, then which of the following could be constant? Select two answers.

speed kinetic energy

A beam of monochromatic light enters a glass window pane. The air will experience a change in

speed and wavelength

A stopper of mass M is tied to a string of length R and swings around horizontally in uniform circular motion with a velocity of v when acted on by a force of F. What is the period of the stopper?

sqrt ((4pi²MR)/F)

An object (mass=m) above the surface of the Moon (mass=M). is dropped from an altitude h equal to the Moon's radius (R). What is the object's impact speed?

sqrt (GM/R)

N resisters are connected in parallel with a battery of voltage V. If one of the resistors is removed from the circuit which of the following quantities will decrease? Two answers.

the current output by the battery the total power dissipated in the circuit

A musician plucks a string in an acoustic guitar. Standing waves will most likely occur in which of the following media? Select two answers.

the guitar string the air inside the guitar

A lightweight toy car crashes head-on into a heavier toy truck. Which of the following statements is true as a result of the collision? Select two answers.

the magnitude of the acceleration experienced by the car will be greater than that experienced by the truck the total momentum in the collision will be conserved

A uniform bar is lying on a flat table. Besides the gravitational and normal forces (which cancel), the bar is acted upon by two other forces, F1 and F2, which are parallel to the surface of the table. If the net force on the rod is zero, then which one of the following is true?

the net torque will be zero if F1 and F2 are applied at the same point.

An object traveling at x m/s can stop at a distance d m with a maximum negative acceleration. If the car is traveling 2x m/s which of the following statements are true. Two answers.

the stopping time is doubled the stopping distance is quadrupled

A sound wave with frequency f travels through air at speed c. With what speed will a sound wave with frequency 4f travel through the air?

v

Two satellites are in circular orbit around the earth. The distance from Satellite 1 to Earth's center is r1, and the distance from Satellite 2 to the Earth's center is r2. What is the speed of Satellite 2?

v1 sqrt (r1/r2)

A ball is thrown in a projectile motion trajectory with an initial velocity v at an angle theta above ground. If the acceleration due to gravity is -g, which of the following is the correct expression of time it takes for the ball to reach its highest point, y, from the ground?

vsintheta / g

A simple pendulum executes simple harmonic motion as it swings through small angles of oscillation. If omegamax denotes the amplitude of the oscillations, which of the following statements is true?

when omega=0, the tangential acceleration is 0

A sound wave travels through a metal rod with wavelength lamda and frequency f. Which of the following is true? Two answers.

when this sound wave passes into air the wavelength will change while in the metal rod the lamda and frequency f have an inverse relationship