AP Psych Modules 16 - 19

How is the hypothalamus involved in sleep?

In response to decreasing light, the hypothalamus' suprachiasmatic nucleus causes the pineal gland to increase production of melatonin, leading you to sleep.

At 3 o'clock in the morning, John has already slept for 4 hours. As long as his sleep continues, we can expect an increasing occurrence of

REM sleep

Nightmares are to _________ as night terrors are to __________

REM sleep; NREM-3 sleep

Paradoxical sleep is to slow-wave sleep as ________ sleep is to ________ sleep.

REM; NREM-3

Alpha waves are associated with

a relaxed but awake state

Compulsive craving for and use of a drug is an indication of

addiction

Until reading this question, you were unaware that your shoes are pressing against your feet. This focusing of your conscious attention, or selective attention, illustrates that

conscious awareness is one part of the dual processing that occurs in our two-track minds

The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep are called

delta waves

Sleep deprivation has been shown to

diminish immunity to disease

The divided-consciousness theory of hypnosis states that hypnosis involves

dissociation

One plausible theory suggests that hypnosis relieves pain by

distracting attention

Hypnosis involves a state of

heightened openness to suggestion

Ernest Hilgard suggested that participants felt little pain when their arms were lowered into ice baths because

hypnosis dissociates the pain sensation from the emotional suffering that people expect from the pain

Layla has difficulty going to sleep and staying asleep. Layla is most likely suffering from

insomnia

According to Freud, the personally threatening and censored meaning of a dream is its

latent content

Freud called the remembered story-line of a dream its ________ content

manifest

The change in brain chemistry that offsets the effects of a psychoactive drug is called

neuroadaptation

Which of the following drugs is classified as a stimulant

nicotine

Chronic sleep dept is most likely to promote

obesity

Research indicates that memories retrieved during hypnosis are

often a combination of fact and fiction

REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because

our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move.

Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called _________ drugs

psychoactive

Although Crystal never experiences caffeine withdrawal symptoms, she feels that she needs coffee every morning as part of her daily routine. Crystal best illustrates

psychological dependence

The rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during NREM-2 sleep are called

sleep spindles

Compared with when they were only 20 years old, 60-year-olds

spend less time in deep sleep

People are particularly responsive to hypnosis if they

strongly expect that they can be hypnotized

The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of

tolerance

The discomfort and distress that follow the discontinued use of certain drugs is called

withdrawal