AP Psych review questions Unit 7

Someone from a collectivist culture is more likely to do what?

Give priority to group goals

Which term describes questionnaires that cover a wide range of feelings and behaviors and are designed to assess several traits?

Personality inventories

Which of the following is an example of self-efficacy?

Rasheed has placed in skating competitions, which makes him believe that he is a competent skater.

Factor analysis is the test-development strategy that

looks to find items on a test that differentiate between groups and chooses those items for the test.

Karl was late to his interview because he left the house late and did not use his GPS for directions. If Karl is making use of the self-serving bias, which of the following statements will he use to explain his lateness?

"My GPS told me to turn left when I should have turned right."

Which of the following is an example of an assessment likely to be used by a social-cognitive psychologist?

A student teacher is formally observed and evaluated in the classroom.

Which of the following is best described along a continuum ranging from ruthless and suspicious to helpful and trusting?

Agreeableness

Who of the following is considered the leading advocate of personality's social-cognitive approach?

Albert Bandura

What did Carl Jung call the shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history?

Collective unconscious

Critics of humanistic psychology have suggested that this theory fails to appreciate the reality of our human capacity for which of the following?

Evil

Thom is 6. How would Sigmund Freud explain his resolving of his Oedipus complex? eww

He will develop a strong interest in what his father is interested in.

Which of the following is most likely to be true of a person from an individualist culture?

His behavior would be a reflection of his personality and attitudes.

Which of the following theories offers a special focus on the potential for healthy personal growth?

Humanistic

A question on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) such as "I get angry sometimes" is included to determine what about the test-taker?

If the person is answering the questions truthfully

Which of the following is true based on "Big Five" personality traits research?

Introverts are more likely to prefer communicating through email instead of in person.

The most widely used scientifically validated personality test is the

MMPI-2.

Which of the following is an example of unconditional positive regard?

Mr. and Mrs. Prohaska, who have been married for 37 years, credit the success of their marriage to the fact that each has been able to accept the faults of the other without criticism.

Children's TV-viewing habits (past behavior) influence their viewing preferences (internal personal factor), which influence how television (environmental factor) affects their current behavior. What is this an example of?

Reciprocal determinism

According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following defense mechanisms buries threatening or upsetting events in the unconscious?

Repression

What do we call the process of fulfilling our potential?

Self-actualization

Athletes who often privately credit their victories to their own abilities, and their losses to bad breaks, lousy officiating, or the other team's exceptional performance, are exhibiting which psychological concept?

The self-serving bias

In Brad Bushman and Roy Baumeister's research, how did people with unrealistically high self-esteem react when they were criticized?

They became exceptionally aggressive.

Which of the following is the best term or phrase for a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act?

Trait

Carl Rogers felt that we are our best selves when we feel accepted for who we are. What did he call this accepting attitude?

Unconditional positive regard

Humanistic psychologists may assess personality by

asking a person to compare their ideal self to their actual self

The way we explain negative and positive events is called

attribution

Jayne refuses to cheat on an exam that many of her friends have shown her copies of. Jayne would rank high on the Big Five trait of

conscientiousness

Albert Bandura proposed the social-cognitive perspective, which

emphasizes the interaction of our traits with our situations.

Carly's therapist asks her to simply say what is on her mind rather than responding to specific questions or topics. Her therapist is making use of a technique known as

free association

A psychoanalytic psychologist might use the TAT and the Rorschach test in order to

gain insight about a person's unconscious mind.

The Freudian concept of the ego is best described as

operating on the reality principle.

Elaine's friends know that she should never be trusted with a secret, as she will tell everyone almost immediately. Elaine, however, complains that her friends can't be trusted. Elaine is making use of the defense mechanism of

projection

Ella was an aggressive child in middle school. In high school, she is a successful three-sport athlete because she channels her aggression into sports. Freud would suggest that this is due to the defense mechanism of

reaction formation.

Which term is defined as all the thoughts and feelings we have in response to the question, "Who am I?"

self concept

Maslow and Rogers would explain that adolescents who are struggling to form their identity are seeking to discover their

self-concept.

Rogers—Humanistic Freud—Psychoanalytic Bandura—Social-cognitive Cattell—Trait

slay

Paola and Juliana went to a baseball game and were shown on the centerfield screen. Juliana was embarrassed, because she had mustard on her face from her hot dog. In reality, no one in the crowd noticed the mustard. Juliana was overestimating how much attention people were paying to her due to the

spotlight effect.