AP Psych Unit 3 Test

Solomon Asch asked people to identify which of three comparison lines was identical to a standard line. His research was designed to study A. conformity B. deindividuation C. social facilitation D. the mere exposure effect E. the fundamental attribution error

A. conformity

In transmitting sensory information to the brain, an electrical signal travels from the ________ of a single neuron. A. dendrites to the cell body to the axon B. dendrites to the axon to the cell body C. cell body to the axon to the dendrites D. axon to the cell body to the dendrites E. axon to the dendrites to the cell body

A. dendrites to the cell body to the axon

An undersupply of serotonin is most closely linked to A. depression B. Parkinson's disease C. schizophrenia D. Alzheimer's disease E. euphoria

A. depression

Schizophrenia is most closely linked with excess receptor activity for the neurotransmitter A. dopamine B. acetylcholine C. epinephrine D. GABA E. serotonin

A. dopamine

After a car swerves in front of you on the highway, you notice that your heart is still racing, even though you know you are no longer in danger. Why do the physical symptoms of fear linger even after we cognitively realize the danger has passed? A. endocrine messages tend to outlast the effects of neural messages B. dopamine controls fear, and this chemical takes a certain amount of time to break down in your system C. excitatory neurotransmitters travel faster than inhibitory neurotransmitters D. the adrenal glands tend to act more quickly than the rest of the endocrine system E. the parasympathetic nervous system is less effective than the sympathetic nervous system

A. endocrine messages tend to outlast the effects of neural messages

José has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the release of A. endorphins B. acetylcholine C. insulin D. dopamine E. glutamate

A. endorphins

A researcher interested in proving a causal relationship between two variables should choose which research method? A. experiment B. case study C. survey D. naturalistic observation E. correlation

A. experiment

Olds and Milner located reward centers in the brain structure known as the A. hypothalamus B. medulla C. cerebellum D. amygdala E. sensory cortex

A. hypothalamus

If Professor Kosiba lesions the amygdala of a laboratory rat, the rat will most likely become A. less aggressive B. hungry C. physically coordinated D. sexually aroused E. physically uncoordinated

A. less aggressive

At the age of 22, Mrs. LaBlanc was less than 4 feet tall. Her short stature was probably influenced by the lack of a growth hormone produced by the A. pituitary gland B. pancreas C. adrenal gland D. myelin E. thyroid

A. pituitary gland

After Kato's serious motorcycle accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebellum. Kato is most likely to have difficulty A. playing his guitar B. tasting the flavors of foods C. reading printed words D. experiencing intense emotions E. understanding what others are saying

A. playing his guitar

Mrs. Anderson believes that her husband's angry outbursts against her result from his unconscious hatred of his own mother. Mrs. Anderson is looking at her husband's behavior from a(n) _________________________ perspective. A. psychodynamic B. behavioral C. evolutionary D. biological E. social-cultural

A. psychodynamic

An accelerated heartbeat is to a slowed heartbeat as the ________ nervous system is to the ________ nervous system. A. sympathetic; parasympathetic B. autonomic; somatic C. central; peripheral D. somatic; autonomic E. parasympathetic; sympathetic

A. sympathetic; parasympathetic

When asked to describe a picture that showed two boys stealing cookies behind a woman's back, a patient replied, "Mother is away her working her work to get her better, but when she's looking the two boys looking the other part." Which brain region has most likely been damaged? A. corpus callosum B. Wernicke's area C. parietal lobes D. Broca's area E. angular gyrus

B. Wernicke's area

Alzheimer's disease is most closely linked to the deterioration of neurons that produce A. dopamine B. acetylcholine C. endorphins D. epinephrine E. glutamate

B. acetylcholine

Increasing excitatory signals above the threshold for neural activation will not affect the intensity of an action potential. This indicates that a neuron's reaction is A. primarily electrical rather than chemical B. an all-or-none response C. delayed by the refractory period D. inhibited by the myelin sheath E. dependent on neurotransmitter molecules

B. an all-or-none response

Botulin is a poison with a molecular structure so similar to acetylcholine (ACh) that it blocks the effects of ACh in synapses, making botulin which kind of molecule? A. endorphin B. antagonist C. autonomic D. endocrine E. agonist

B. antagonist

If a blind person uses one finger to read Braille, the brain area dedicated to that finger expands as the sense of touch invades the visual cortex. This is an example of A. neural prosthetics B. brain plasticity C. hemispheric specialization D. integrated association areas E. aphasia

B. brain plasticity

The medulla is to the control of ________ as the cerebellum is to the control of ________. A. eating; sleeping B. breathing; walking C. memory; attention D. emotion; motivation E. hearing; seeing

B. breathing; walking

The thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebrum is called the A. corpus callosum B. cerebral cortex C. sensory cortex D. cerebellum E. reticular formation

B. cerebral cortex

Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce A. reward deficiency syndrome B. epileptic seizures C. aphasia D. depression E. neural plasticity

B. epileptic seizures

To identify which specific brain areas are most active during a particular mental task, researchers would be most likely to make use of a(n) A. brain lesion B. fMRI C. MRI D. hemispherectomy E. ACh agonist

B. fMRI

In 1861, Paul Broca studied a stroke patient he called "Tan." He was called this because as a result of brain damage it was the only word he could pronounce. Based on Broca's early work, which of the following brain regions is involved in speech production? A. left temporal lobe B. left frontal lobe C. angular gyrus D. sensory cortex E. auditory cortex

B. left frontal lobe

Instead of providing arguments in favor of a political candidate, ads may build political support by associating pictures of the candidate with emotion-evoking music and images. This strategy best illustrates A. the social responsibility norm B. peripheral route persuasion C. informational social influence D. central route persuasion E. deindividuation

B. peripheral route persuasion

Motor neurons are to the ________ nervous system as interneurons are to the ________ nervous system. A. parasympathetic; sympathetic B. peripheral; central C. autonomic; somatic D. central; peripheral E. sympathetic; parasympathetic

B. peripheral; central

A picture of a dog is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a split-brain patient. At the same time a picture of a boy is flashed in the right visual field. In identifying what she saw, the patient would be most likely to A. the right hemisphere excels in making inferences B. the left hemisphere is dominant in language processing C. the right hemisphere is the major hemisphere D. to the brain, language is language E. the left hemisphere outperforms the right in perceptual tasks

B. the left hemisphere is dominant in language processing

In the hypothesis "Students who study a list of terms in the morning, just after waking up, will recall more terms than students who study the list just before falling asleep," what is the independent variable? A. number of terms remembered B. time of day C. memorization D. students E. list of terms

B. time of day

The movement of positively charged ions across the membrane of a neuron can produce a(n) A. neurotransmitters B. synapse C. action potential D. myelin sheath E. interneuron

C. action potential

What are the molecules that are similar enough to a neurotransmitter to bind to its receptor sites on a dendrite and mimic that neurotransmitter's effects called? A. endocrines B. endorphins C. agonists D. antagonists E. action potential

C. agonists

The cortical regions that are not directly involved in sensory or motor functions are known as A. parietal lobes B. interneurons C. association areas D. Broca's area E. frontal lobes

C. association areas

Professor Seif conducts research on the relationship between the limbic system and sexual motivation. Her research interests best represent the psychological specialty known as A. behaviorism B. behavior genetics C. biological psychology D. myelin E. psychoanalysis

C. biological psychology

In 1848, Phineas Gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosion drove an iron rod through his head. The once friendly, soft-spoken Gage became irritable and dishonest. Gage's case provided evidence that which region of the brain plays a role in personality and behavior? A. Broca's area B. sensory cortex C. frontal lobes D. temporal lobes E. parietal lobes

C. frontal lobes

An all-or-none response pattern is characteristic of the A. activation of either the sympathetic or the parasympathetic system B. release of endorphins into the central nervous system C. initiation of neural impulses D. excitation of the antagonistic hormonal system E. release of hormones into the bloodstream

C. initiation of neural impulses

The peripheral nervous system is to sensory neurons as the central nervous system is to A. motor neurons B. the sympathetic nervous system C. interneurons D. the parasympathetic nervous system E. neurotransmitters

C. interneurons

Your life would be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the A. hippocampus B. corpus callosum C. medulla D. angular gyrus E. amygdala

C. medulla

To trigger a person's hand to make a fist, José Delgado stimulated the individual's A. hypothalamus B. sensory cortex C. motor cortex D. limbic system E. reticular formation

C. motor cortex

By simply thinking about a move, which activates their brain cells, people may be able to move a robotic arm. This best illustrates A. constraint-induced therapy B. magnetic resonance imaging C. neural prosthetics D. neurogenesis E. hemispheric specialization

C. neural prosthetics

Which kind of psychological researcher would be most interested in the research question, "Do people who lose most of their cerebral cortex in an accident still exhibit signs of consciousness?" A. behaviorist B. biopsychosocial researcher C. social-cultural researcher D. cognitive neuroscientist E. developmental psychologist

D. cognitive neuroscientist

Information travels from the spinal cord to the brain via A. the sympathetic nervous system B. the circulatory system C. the endocrine system D. interneurons E. sensory neurons

D. interneurons

Severing a cat's reticular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to A. become violently aggressive B. become sexually preoccupied C. cower in fear D. lapse into a coma E. experience convulsive seizures

D. lapse into a coma

Resting potential is to action potential as ________ is to ________. A. temporal lobe; occipital lobe B. sensory neuron; motor neuron C. adrenal gland; pituitary gland D. polarization; depolarization E. dendrite; axon

D. polarization; depolarization

The function of dendrites is to A. control pain through the release of opiate-like chemicals into the brain B. coordinated the activation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems C. release neurotransmitters into the spatial junctions between neurons D. receive incoming signals from other neurons E. transmit signals to other neurons

D. receive incoming signals from other neurons

The occipital lobes are to ________ as the temporal lobes are to ________. A. sensing pleasure; sensing pain B. seeing; sensing touch C. hearing; sensing movement D. seeing; hearing E. speaking; hearing

D. seeing; hearing

Which of the following describes evidence for the brain's dual-processing ability? A. the right occipital lobe perceives stimuli from our left visual field B. the amygdala shares responsibility for some basic emotions with the hypothalamus and endocrine system C. the cerebral cortex is divided into two set of lobes on each hemisphere D. the brainstem keeps our heart beating while the cerebral cortex maintains awareness of the outside world E. the corpus callosum allows impulses to travel between the two hemispheres

D. the brainstem keeps our heart beating while the cerebral cortex maintains awareness of the outside world

Sleep researchers who are interested in brain wave activity are likely to use which kind of brain scan? A. PET B. MRI C. CT D. fMRI E. EEG

E. EEG

While mapping the motor cortex, researchers Foerster and Penfield found that A. if one part of the brain is damaged, the brain will compensate by putting other areas to work B. although the mind's subsystems are localized in specific brain regions, the brain acts like a unified whole C. damage to a specific area in the left frontal lobe disrupted speech ability D. our brain processes most information out of our awareness E. body areas requiring the greatest control occupied the greatest amount of cortical space

E. body areas requiring the greatest control occupied the greatest amount of cortical space

Which of the following is the component of the limbic system that plays an essential role in the processing of new memories? A. hypothalamus B. thalamus C. cerebellum D. medulla E. hippocampus

E. hippocampus

The ability to recognize faces with the right hemisphere but not with the left hemisphere best illustrates A. plasticity B. neurogenesis C. aphasia D. Parkinson's disease E. lateralization

E. lateralization

The slowdown of neural communication in multiple sclerosis involves a degeneration of the A. thresholds B. pituitary gland C. dendrites D. endocrine gland E. myelin sheath

E. myelin sheath

Recent brain research contradicts previously held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are actually formed in the brain. What is this process called? A. myelin cells B. plasticity C. reticular formation D. reuptake E. neurogenesis

E. neurogenesis

Which lobes of the brain receive the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back? A. frontal B. temporal C. occipital D. cerebral E. parietal

E. parietal

Prozac, a drug commonly prescribed to treat depression, prevents the sending neuron from taking in excess serotonin. Which process does this drug prevent from taking place? A. depolarization B. a refractory period C. an action potential D. the all-or-none response E. reuptake

E. reuptake

French psychiatrist Joseph Capgras described a patient who reported that imposters had replaced her husband, children, and herself. Her inability to recognize the faces of her close family members or herself suggests that the A. angular gyrus was compromised leading to aphasia B. left temporal lobe was injured C. thalamus in the brainstem is not functioning properly D. corpus callosum had been severed E. right hemisphere of her brain was damaged

E. right hemisphere of her brain was damaged

Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex? A. amygdala B. hippocampus C. medulla D. cerebellum E. thalamus

E. thalamus

A picture of a dog is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a split-brain patient. At the same time a picture of a boy is flashed in the right visual field. In identifying what she saw, the patient would be most likely to A. communicate that she saw a picture of a boy with a dog B. use her left hand to point to a picture of a dog C. use her left hand to point to a picture of a boy D. verbally report that she saw a dog E. verbally report that she saw a boy

E. verbally report that she saw a boy