AP Psychology- (Heuristic)

Inductive Reasoning

The premises seek strong evidence for the truth of the conclusion

Overconfidence

The tendency to be more confident than correct; to overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgements

Babbling Stage

Beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously itters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language

Belief Perseverance

Clinging to ones initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited

Telegraphic Stage

Early speech stage when a child speaks like a telegram- using mostly nouns or verbs

Availability Heuristic

Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily in mind we presume such events are common

Grammar

In a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others

Phoneme

In language, the smallest distinctive sound unit

Deductive Reasoning

Logical process where a conclusion is based on multiple premises that are assumed to be true

Language

Our spoken, written, or signed words, and the way we combine them to communicate meaning.

Syntax

The rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language

Semantics

The set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language

One Word Stage

The stage in speech development from about 1-2 during when a child speaks mostly in single words

Framing

The way an issue is posed; can affect decisions and judgements

Representative Heuristic

Used when making judgments about the probability of an event under uncertainty

Intuition

an effortless, immediate, automatic feeling, or thought as contrasted with explicit, conscious reasoning