AP Psychology Reading Quiz #2
Hindsight bias
"Monday morning quarterbacks" rarely act surprised about the outcome of weekend football games. This tendency to believe they knew how the game would turn out is best explained by which psychological principle?
reduce potential confounding variables.
The purpose of random assignment is to...
We can conclude that a student who watches a lot of TV is likely to have lower grades
There is a negative correlation between TV watching and grades. What can we conclude from this research finding?
38
What is the mean of the data?
33
What is the median of the data?
There is no mode
What is the mode of the data?
Provide participants with enough information about a study to enable them to make a rational decision about whether to participate.
What must a researcher do to fulfill the ethical principle of informed consent?
Debriefing
Which ethical principle requires that participants be told about the true purpose of the research at the end of the study?
Mean
Which measure of central tendency is most influenced by skewed data or extreme scores in a distribution?
Experiment
Which method should a psychology researcher use if she is interested in testing whether a specific reward in a classroom situation causes students to behave better?
First, the researchers create hypotheses, and then they design their study to measure their variables, after which they interpret their results.
Which of the following accurately illustrates the correct order of the scientific process in psychological research?
Can dolphins learn simple language
Which of the following animal studies is most likely to meet ethical principles and receive Institutional Review Board approval?
Having a control group allows researchers to determine a cause and effect relation between the independent and dependent variable.
Which of the following best describes the purpose of a control group in an experimental design.
-0.85
Which of the following correlation coefficients represents the strongest relationship between two variables?
Researchers observe students' seating patterns in the cafeteria
Which of the following describes naturalistic observation?
Participants in a drug study are given an inert pill instead of the drug and behave as though they were given the drug.
Which of the following describes the placebo effect?
2, 4, 6, 8, 10
Which of the following groups of scores would have the smallest standard deviation?
The information learned may not apply to the wider population
Which of the following is a potential problem with case studies?
Researchers must protect participants from needless harm and discomfort
Which of the following is an ethical principle regarding experimental research on humans?
People who spend more time exercising tend to experience less depression
Which of the following is an example of negative correlation?
The more people exercise, the better they sleep
Which of the following is positive correlation?
Eating cookies or mint candy tends to improve memory recall
Which of the following is the best conclusion for this study?
Group B
Which of the following is/are the control group(s) of this study?
Groups A &C
Which of the following is/are the experimental group(s) of this study?
This is a scatterplot of a perfect positive correlation
Which of the following statements best describes the graph bellow?
If the participants are randomly assigned, the researcher can assume that each group is similar to each other at the beginning of the study.
Why is random assignment of participants to groups an important aspect of properly designed experiment?
double blind
In a drug study, neither the participants nor the person distributing the pills knows who is receiving the new drug and who is receiving the placebo. This type of research design is said to be a _______________ study.
68%
In a normal distribution, what percentage of the scores in the distribution falls within one standard deviation on either side of the mean?
The mean, median, and mode are all the same number
In a perfectly normal distribution of scores, which of the following statements are true?
The temperature of the room
In an experiment to test the effects of room temperature on a test performance, the independent variable is...
Her score is higher than 90 percent of others in the competition
Kai scored in the 90th percentile in a math competition in her state. Which of the following statements is true of Kai's score?
social desirability bias
Paulette is taking a survey. Instead of being honest, she answered in a way that she thinks will please the researchers. Paulette is showing a(n)...
income and sleep levels are positively correlated.
Researchers have discovered that individuals with lower income levels report having fewer hours of total sleep. Therefore, ...
the test scores
The dependent variable in this study is...
food given
The independent variable in this study is...
re-create psychological forces under controlled conditions
The laboratory environment is designed to...
The writer pulls the names of 5 students from a hat that contains all students names. She interviews the 5 selected students.
A journalism student is writing an article about her school's new cell phone policy, and she'd like to interview a random sample of students. Which of the following is the best example of random sample?
This result reflects the minimum standard typically considered statistically significant.
A researcher calculates statistical significance for her study and finds a 5 percent possibility that the results are due to chance. Which of the following is an accurate interpretation of this finding?
Quantitative
A social psychology researcher operationally defines aggression as loudness of a noise blast (ranging from 0 to 105 decibels) supposedly delivered to a stranger. This research method is best described as...
Standard deviation
A student is interested in knowing how widely the academic aptitude of college bound students varies at her school. Which of the following statistical methods should she use to determine how much students' SAT scores vary from the schools average SAT score?
summarized data; assess if data can be generalized
Descriptive statistics_____________, while inferential statistics ____________.
