AP Stats chapter 5 review

A deck of playing cards has 52 cards, of which 12 are face cards. If you shuffle the deck well and turn over the top 3 cards, one after the other, what's the probability that all 3 are face cards?

.010

An athlete suspected of using steroids is given two tests that operate independently of each other. Test A has probability 0.9 of being positive if steroids have been used. Test B has probability 0.8 of being positive if steroids have been used. What is the probability that neither test is positive if steroids have been used?

.02

The probability of finding 3 people in a household is the same as the probability of finding 4 people. These probabilities are marked ??? in the table of the distribution. The probability that a household contains 3 people must be

.16

Event A has probability 0.4. Event B has probability 0.5. If A and B are independent, then the probability that both events occur is

.2

What is the probability that a student has a GPA under 2.0?

.255

What is the probability that a student has a GPA under 2.0 or has skipped many classes?

.285

If you know the person that has been randomly selected is left-handed, what is the probability that they prefer to communicate with friends in person?

.382

What is the probability that the student chosen prefers to communicate with friends in person?

.425

If I toss a fair coin five times and the outcomes are TTTTT, then the probability that tails appears on the next toss is

.5

If this die is thrown and the top face shows an odd number, what is the probability that the die shows a 1?

.6

Choose an American adult at random. The probability that you choose a woman is 0.52. The probability that the person you choose has never married is 0.25. The probability that you choose a woman who has never married is 0.11. The probability that the person you choose is either a woman or has never been married (or both) is therefore about

.66

Event A has probability 0.4. Event B has probability 0.5. If A and B are independent, then the probability that either events occur is

.7

What is the probability that a student has a GPA under 2.0 given that he or she has skipped many classes?

.727

Event A has probability 0.4. Event B has probability 0.5. If A and B are disjoint (mutually exclusive), then the probability that either events occur is

.9

Event A has probability 0.4. Event B has probability 0.5. If A and B are disjoint (mutually exclusive), then the probability that both events occur is

0

Ignoring twins and other multiple births, assume that babies born at a hospital are independent random events with the probability that a baby is a boy and the probability that a baby is a girl both equal to 0.5. The probability that the next five babies are girls is

0.03125

In a cookie jar, there are 12 chocolate chip cookies, 5 oatmeal raison cookies, and 7 macadamia nut cookies. What is the probability that if two cookies were chosen (without replacement), that both cookies were the same type of cookie?

0.351

Ignoring twins and other multiple births, assume that babies born at a hospital are independent random events with the probability that a baby is a boy and the probability that a baby is a girl both equal to 0.5. The probability that at least one of the next three babies is a boy is

0.875

When rolling a fair die, you roll a 6 four times in a row. Given that each roll is independent, what is the probability that the next roll yields a six also?

1/6

You want to estimate the probability that the player makes 5 or more of 10 shots. You simulate 10 shots 25 times and get the following numbers of hits: 5 7 5 4 1 5 3 4 3 4 5 3 4 4 6 3 4 1 7 4 5 5 6 5 7 What is your estimate of the probability?

12/25, or 0.48

A die is loaded so that the number 3 comes up four times as often as any other number. What is the probability of rolling a 1, 3, or 5?

2/3

A housing company builds houses with two-car garages. What percent of households have more cars than the garage can hold?

20%

In a table of random digits such as Table D, each digit is equally likely to be any of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9. What is

3/10

Use the correct choice from the previous question and these random digits to simulate 10 shots: 82734 71490 20467 47511 81676 55300 94383 14893 How many of these 10 shots are hits?

4

Twenty of a sample of 275 students say they are vegetarians. Of the vegetarians, 9 eat both fish and eggs, 3 eat eggs but not fish, and 8 eat neither. Choose one of the vegetarians at random. What is the probability that the chosen student eats neither fish nor eggs?

8/20 = 0.4

The most common bet in craps is the "pass line." A pass line bettor wins immediately if either a 7 or an 11 comes up on the first roll. This is called a natural. What is the probability of a natural?

8/36

Computer voice recognition software is getting better. Some companies claim that their software correctly recognizes 98% of all words spoken by a trained user. To simulate recognizing a single word when the probability of being correct is 0.98, let two digits simulate one word; 00 to 97 mean "correct." The program recognizes words (or not) independently. To simulate the program's performance on 10 words, use these random digits: 60970 70024 17868 29843 61790 90656 87964 18883 The number of words recognized correctly out of the 10 is

9

Ten percent of U.S. households contain 5 or more people. You want to simulate choosing a household at random and recording whether or not it contains 5 or more people. Which of these are correct assignments of digits for this simulation?

Choices (b) and (c) are correct, but (a) is not

For events a and B related to the same chance process, which of the following statements is true?

If a and B are independent, then they cannot be mutually exclusive

You select a student from the group at random. Which of the following statements is true about the events "Left-Handed" and "Prefers to communicate with friends in person"?

The events are not mutually exclusive, nor are they independent.

Dr. Stats plans to toss a fair coin 10,000 times in the hope that it will lead him to a deeper understanding of the laws of probability. Which of the following statements is true?

The fraction of tosses resulting in heads should be close to 1/2.

China has 1.2 billion people. Marketers want to know which international brands they have heard of. A large study showed that 62% of all Chinese adults have heard of Coca-Cola. You want to simulate choosing a Chinese at random and asking if he or she has heard of Coca-Cola. One correct way to assign random digits to simulate the answer is:

Two digits simulate one person's answer; 00 to 61 mean "Yes" and 62 to 99 mean "No."

To simulate whether a shot hits or misses, you would assign random digits as follows:

Two digits simulate one shot; 00 to 46 are a hit and 47 to 99 are a miss.

You read in a book about bridge that the probability that each of the four players is dealt exactly one ace is about 0.11. This means that

in a very large number of bridge deals, the percent of deals on which each player has one ace will be very close to 11%.