AP World History -Ch. 23
Indian Ocean
Definition: Era: Region: Global Context Analysis:
Volta do Mar
Definition: A strategy that Portuguese mariners made that allowed them to sail from the Canaries to Portugal. Era: mid-15th century Region: West Europe Global Context Analysis: Similar to when India began to use the monsoon winds to take them somewhere and then back.
Cape of Good Hope
Definition: An island at the tip of Africa. Era: Region: Africa Global Context Analysis:
British Hegemony
Definition: Britain took place in the Seven Year's War and they won their battles and lands. This put them in the position they needed to dominate world trade in the future and to establish a vast empire in the 19th century. Era: Region: West Europe and world Global Context Analysis: Similar to when China was in the position to control trade and create a vast empire.
English and Dutch Trading Posts
Definition: English/ Dutch made trading posts on Asian coasts and searched to channel trade through them (did not want to control trade in the sea) English focused on India while the Dutch were more broad. Era: Region: Africa, Indian Ocean Global Context Analysis: Similar to when the Portuguese
Ferdinand Magellan
Definition: First man to circumnavigate the world Era:1519-1522 Region: The World Global Context Analysis: Similar to when Da Gama travelled around Africa, but on a much larger scale.
Vasco Da Gama
Definition: First, Portuguese explorer that went around Africa and entered the Indian Ocean. Era:1400s Region: West Europe, Indian Ocean Global Context Analysis: This is similar to how Christopher Columbus went around the world and it thoroughly transformed Europe and the world just how Da Gama changed Europe and the world when he created a pathway that allowed Europe to enter trade in the Indian Ocean.
Bartolomeu Dias
Definition: He rounded the Cape of Good Hope and was the first European to enter the Indian Ocean, but he came back as soon as he reached the Indian Ocean for several reasons. Era: late 1400s Region: West Europe, Africa, GCA:
James Cook
Definition: Led three expeditions to the Pacific which allowed for European geographers to draw a reasonable accurate map of the world. Era: 1720s-1779 Region: lands in the Pacific GCA: Similar to when Magellan circumnavigated the world.
British East India Co. (BEIC)
Definition: One of the two most powerful joint stock companies in Europe, but this one was English. Era: 1600 Region: West Europe Global Context Analysis: Similar to the VOC in the Netherlands
VOC
Definition: One of the two most powerful joint-stock companies in Europe, but this one was in the Netherlands Era: 1602 Region: West Europe Global Context Analysis: Very similar to the BEIC in England.
Christopher Columbus
Definition: The man that discovered the Americas which led to massive decrease in population of the indigenous people there; Europeans conquering lands there; settlement; and exploitation of the lands. Era: 1490s Region: West Europe, Caribbean, Central America. GCA: Similar to when Britain began to leave their criminals in Australia and they made colonizations there.
Manila galleons
Definition: They were Spanish trading ships that made round-trip sailing voyages once or twice per year across the Pacific Ocean from the port of Acapulco in New Spain to Manila in the Spanish East Indies. Era:1565 Region: South East Asia and Central America Global Context Analysis:
Vitus Bering
Definition: This man explored the Era: Region: Global Context Analysis:
trading-post empires
Definition: empires in the earlier centuries (13-15th) which traded vast goods and set up trading posts.Trading posts (or 'Factories') were islands of European law and sovereignty, but European authority seldom extended very fat beyond the fortified post. Era: 13-15th centuries Region: throughout world Global Context Analysis: similar to when Europe colonized lands in the Americas
Siberia
Definition: frozen tundras and dense forests that attracted Russia for its furs and Russia ended up taking it over. Era: Russia began to take this land in 1581 Region: Northeastern Eurasia Global Context Analysis: Similar to when the colonies in North America began to expand west and take the lands of the indigenous people
Prince Henry the Navigator
Definition: king of Portugal -embarked on a campaign to spread Christianity and Portuguese influence on the sea Era: 15th century Region: W Europe, Africa, Indian Ocean GCA: China also embarked on a couple of massive expeditions in the Indian Ocean to spread their influence and dominance.
Columbian exchange
Definition: the global diffusion of plants, crops, animals, epidemic diseases, and populations of humans that occurred after the explorations of Columbus and other European mariners. For example, small pox contributed to the decline of population in Mexico of about 90%. Era: 1492 Region: the World Global Context Analysis: Similar to when all lands in the Eastern Hemisphere joined together in the Indian Ocean trade and Silk Road.
compass, astrolabe
Definition: the were used to determine where mariners were in the Atlantic and Mediterranean and to find latitude. Era: mid-12th century Region: East Asia, Global Context Analysis: similar to how the lateen sails helped navigators in the seas.
lateen sails
Definition: triangle sails that were very maneuverable that could catch winds from the side and behind. Era: 12th century Region: Western Europe Global Context Analysis: similar to how the compass from China made traveler easier.
circumnavigation
Definition: when Magellan sailed around the world Era: 1519- 1522 Region: the world Global Context Analysis: similar to when Cook explored the Pacific and it helped make a reasonable map of the world.
Epidemic Diseases and Population Decline
Definition: when contagious diseases went to lands where the people had never been exposed to those diseases before and started epidemics that wiped out entire societies sometimes. Era: Beginning 1519 Region: Americas Global Context Analysis: Similar to when criminals in Australia brought diseases and it severely affected the indigenous people there.
