APES Review chap. 14, 15, 16

a compact florescent light bulb used for lighting has an efficiency rating of 10%, for every 10 Jules of electrical energy consumed by the bulb, which of the following is produced

1 jule of light energy

the half life of radon gas is approximately 4 days. 4 weeks after the introduction of radon into a sealed room, a fraction of the original amount remaining is closest to

1/128

an appliance operates at 120 volts and 10 AMPS for 1 hour, how many watt hours does it use in that hour

1200 watts

an electrical power plant that uses X Jules of energy can generate a maximum of Y Jules of electrical energy within the same amount of time. why?

2nd law of thermodynamics

A sample of radioactive waste has a half-life of 10 years and an activity level of 2 curies. After how many years will the activity level of this sample be 0.25 curie?

30 years

After 200 million years, only 1/16 of the original amount of a particular radioactive waste will remain. The half-life of this radioactive waste is how many million years?

50 years

Which three sources supply the majority of commercial energy in the world today?

Coal , oil, natural gas

Some solar energy systems produce high temperature water for industrial applications and produce steam to run turbines that generate electricity. What type of solar energy system is needed for these kinds of applications?

a solar collector system using mirrors or lenses to concentrate sunlight

Which of the choices below lists stages of coal formation in order from highest to lowest heat content?

anthracite, bituminous, lignite peat

a home uses ten 100 W light bulbs for 5 hours per day. approximately how many kilowatt hours of electrical energy is consumed by using the light bulbs

approximately 1,825 kilowatt-hours

in contrast to low level radioactive waste, high level radioactive waste is currently stroed where

at reactor sites

in the majority of less developed countries the major source of energy for domestic use is which of the following

biomass

the source who's use is a direct cause of deforestation

biomass

The separation of the various components of crude oil in refineries is accomplished primarily by taking advantage of differences in which of the following?

boiling point

kerosene, gasoline, motor oil, asphalt, tar, waxes, and diesel fuel as come crude oil. refineries take advantage of what physical property in order to separate them

boiling point

which of the following is the current recommendation of congress for the permanent storage of high-level radioactive waste in the united states

burial deep underground at sites remote from population centers

all of the following substances are derived from petroleum during the refining process except what

cellulose

which of the following countries has the largest coal reserves ( usa isn't one of the options )

china

which one is primarily responsible for acid rain in the north east united states

coal

radioactive materials lead, arsenic, mercury,nickel and benzine are all pollutants released from what type of electricity generating plant

coal burning power plants

nuclear reactors use which of the following to absorb neutrons in the reactor core

control rodes absorb neutrons in the reactor core

Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking) is the pumping of highly pressurized water with a mixture of sand and chemicals into boreholes to do what

create crack within the rocks to provide pathways for the release of gas and oil

This source utilizes heat or steam from deep underground

geothermal

Extraction of natural gas by the process of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is most likely to result in which of the following environmental problems?

groundwater contamination

water and electricity are products of this source

hydrogen fuel cells

which is considered on advantage of using nuclear power to generate electricity

it doesn't make any CO2

3 common methods employed in the cleanup of oil spills

large flouting booms, skimmer boats and genetically engineered bacteria

the greatest environmental impact to using compact florescent light bulbs

mercury

what is the primary environmental advantage of natural gas relative to gasoline as a transportation fuel

natural gas combustion emits fewer pollutants

an advantage of using natural gas, rather than oil, as a fuel is that natural gas is

natural gas is cleaner because is burns more completely

the source that is not renewable

nuclear fission

the source that produces long lived hazardous waste

nuclear fission

Currently proven global reserves are expected to be largely exhausted within the next 50 years

oil

which of the following is true about passive solar heating

passive solar heating is based in part of in the principle of the greenhouse effect

All of the following are internal costs of an automobile except

pollution and health car costs

which of the following is a way for the government to encourage efficient energy use

requiring higher fuel economy standards for new cars

is renewable?

solar

this source converts radiant energy into heat or electricity

solar

the source that is converted directly into electric energy by photo voltaic cells

sunlight

2/3 of ice lands energy sources come from clean, renewable hydroelectric and geothermal sources. research in ice land is currently underway in developing hydrogen fuel cells. ice land is an example of a country practicing what

sustainability

which of the following would be an external cost

the costs associated with health care when the refrigerator leaks refrigerant into the atmosphere

which of the following is a true statement concerning the production of electricity in conventional nuclear power plants using vision reactors

the thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy and then to electric energy

which of the following best describes the process known as mountain top removal

the use of heavy equipment to remove overburden downhill, during the strip mining of coal

a major limitation of using photo voltaic cells to generate electricity is that they

they do not produce enough electricity on cloudy days

which accurately describes the fuel cell vehicle

they use hydrogen to generate electricity that runs the motor

this source of energy relies on water flowing in and out of bays

tidal

which of the following best describes the roles of the CAFE standards

to improve the fuel efficiency of automobiles in the united states

which of the following has the largest proven coal reserves

united states

Occurs naturally in bedrock and leads to the formation of radon

uranium

which of the following metals is considered a energy resource

uranium

what is meant by the term enriched uranium

uranium that has a higher proportion of U-235 nuclei than normal

which of the following is a reason why hybrid electric vehicles use less fossil fuels per miles traveled then a typical internal combustion engine vehicle does

when the brakes are applied in a hydro electric vehicle, kinetic energy is converted into electric energy to charge the batteries that assist the electric motor

this source can harm migratory birds

wind energy